Notes

Your association among type 2 diabetes and HRQoL involving older people throughout Shanghai.
To compare the efficacy of two intravenous combinations of drugs ketamine-propofol (KP) vs ketamine-dexmedetomidine (KD) for sedation in children undergoing dental treatment.

Thirty patients were selected, evaluated according to the predetermined criteria and divided in equal numbers of 15 amongst 2 groups KP and KD.

Informed consent was taken, nil per oral (NPO) guidelines were followed and the study drug was administered. Dental procedure was performed. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and oxygen saturation (SPO
) were monitored continuously throughout the procedure. The modified Ramsay sedation (MRS) score was recorded along with Houpt sedation score. Recovery status was accessed by modified Aldrete's recovery scale.

Student t test was used for comparing HR, BP and SPO
. Chi-square test was used to compare MRS, Houpt sedation score and modified Aldrete's recovery scale amongst the two groups KP and KD.

The sedation achieved with both the groups was adequate. Both the drugs produce adequate hemodynamic stability.

Ketamine-dexmedetomidine has a better efficacy over the other group, ketamine-propofol.

Joshi AB, Shankaranarayan UR, Hegde A,
To Compare the Efficacy of Two Intravenous Combinations of Drugs Ketamine-Propofol vs Ketamine-Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in Children Undergoing Dental Treatment. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(5)529-535.
Joshi AB, Shankaranarayan UR, Hegde A, et al. To Compare the Efficacy of Two Intravenous Combinations of Drugs Ketamine-Propofol vs Ketamine-Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in Children Undergoing Dental Treatment. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(5)529-535.
Pulpectomy in the primary tooth has unique challenges due to morphological variations in root pattern and physiological root resorption. The electronic apex locator (EAL) is one of the recent methods to determine the estimation of working length without much radiation exposure to the patient as well as the operator. The present study was undertaken for evaluating and comparing the efficacy of EAL, conventional radiography, digital radiography, and actual visual method for the estimation of in the root canal working length (RCL) in extracted primary teeth.

Ninety extracted, single-rooted primary teeth were selected. Working length estimation was done with an EAL, conventional, and digital radiographic method, and compared it with an actual visual method.

Accuracy of EAL was observed to be 99.7% followed by digital radiograph (98.1%) and conventional radiograph (96.1%). Both EAL and digital radiographic methods showed a high correlation as compared to conventional. The comparative efficacy of an EAL with a visual method was found to be statistically non-significant (
> 0.005).

Root canal working length determined through the electronic method was found to be an accurate and effective tool in single-rooted primary teeth and can be indicated for clinical implementation in endodontic treatment of primary teeth.

Sahni A, Kapoor R, Gandhi K,
A Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Electronic Apex Locator, Digital Radiography, and Conventional Radiographic Method for Root Canal Working Length Determination in Primary Teeth An
Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(5)523-528.
Sahni A, Kapoor R, Gandhi K, et al. A Comparative Evaluation of Efficacy of Electronic Apex Locator, Digital Radiography, and Conventional Radiographic Method for Root Canal Working Length Determination in Primary Teeth An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(5)523-528.
The aim of the study was to clinically and radiographically evaluate the efficacy of formocresol,
oil, and
gel as pulpotomy medicaments in primary molars.

Eighty-two primary molars indicated for pulpotomy were included in the study. check details The molars included were divided into three groups by simple random sampling, and treatment was done with formocresol as control, comparing it with
gel and
oil.

The teeth were then followed up for 6 and 12 months clinically and radiographically. Chi-square test was used to compare the clinical and radiographic results between the groups. McNemar test was used to compare the clinical and radiographic results at 6 and 12 months. The results revealed that there was no significant difference between the groups when comparing the experimental groups to the control.

The study shows that
gel and
oil may be used as an alternative to formocresol as pulpotomy medicaments.

Abirami K, Ramkumar H, Senthil D. Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of the Efficacy of Formocresol,
Oil, and
Gel as Pulpotomy Medicaments in Primary Molars A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(5)518-522.
Abirami K, Ramkumar H, Senthil D. Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of the Efficacy of Formocresol, Allium sativum Oil, and Aloe barbadensis Gel as Pulpotomy Medicaments in Primary Molars A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(5)518-522.
This present longitudinal, quantitative, and analytical pilot study evaluated the impact of daily indirectly supervised toothbrushing on water consumption.

The study was carried out in a social center that provided care to children aged 5-14 years in Campinas in the state of São Paulo. Calibrated hydrometers were installed on taps used by the children, and the daily volume of water used was measured for 25 school days (T0). An educational program was then implemented (T1), where supervised toothbrushing was explained, encouraged, and put into action. The next phase (T2) incorporated a recreational approach to the rational use of water, and the consumption was measured for another 25 school days. After six months (T3) without further educational interventions by the researchers, water consumption was measured for the same period of 25 school days. The data were analyzed based on the mixed models methodology for measures repeated over time.

The water consumption did not change significantly (
> 0.05)l. Use of Water by Schoolchildren Impact of Indirectly Supervised Daily Toothbrushing-A Pilot Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(5)513-517.
Dental profession is labeled as a high-risk profession, due to which dental care professionals are under tremendous pressure during the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to assess the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dental interns in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among dental interns from different universities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The data were collected using a validated Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21) questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were presented using frequencies (
) and percentages (%). Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to assess the association between sociodemographic data (age, gender, nationality, marital status, and history of physical and mental illness) and levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. A
< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

A total of 160 dental interns were invited to participate in this survey; out of which 110 participants responded yielding a response rate of 78%.
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