Notes

Typhoid perforation in children down below Several years: the 10-year overview of situations managed and result.
However, after 12 and 16 weeks, the additional therapeutic effect of phototherapy weakened.

NB-UVB phototherapy can provide a faster remission of severe AD in the first few weeks of dupilumab therapy.
NB-UVB phototherapy can provide a faster remission of severe AD in the first few weeks of dupilumab therapy.
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an approved treatment for movement disorders. Despite high precision in electrode placement, side effects do occur by current spread to adjacent fibers or nuclei. Directional leads (D-leads) are designed to adapt the volume of stimulation relative to the position within the target by horizontal and vertical current steering directions. The feasibility of implanting these new leads, possible difficulties, and complications were the focus of this study.

This analysis is based on 31 patients who underwent a DBS procedure with D-leads and an implantable pulse generator (IPG) capable of multiple independent current control and 31 patients who received non-D-leads with a similar IPG. While trajectory planning and most steps of the surgical procedure were identical to conventional DBS lead implantation, differences in indication, electrode handling, lead control, and complications were documented and analyzed in comparison to a control group with ring electrodes.

During a consectation instead of the sharper microelectrodes may be a feasible alternative and it may offer more options than ring electrodes especially in these cases. Prospective studies comparing ring-mode stimulation to directional stimulation to examine the differences of the clinical effects have been started.
Precise positioning of D-leads is more challenging than that of conventional DBS leads. By adding an external lead marker, control of optimal lead position and orientation is enhanced. In case of supposed increased risk for hemorrhage because of vessels crossing all possible trajectories in the pre-surgical navigated simulation program, primary D-lead implantation instead of the sharper microelectrodes may be a feasible alternative and it may offer more options than ring electrodes especially in these cases. Prospective studies comparing ring-mode stimulation to directional stimulation to examine the differences of the clinical effects have been started.
The purpose of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tirofiban during endovascular treatment (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.

We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) databases for randomized controlled trials and cohort studies (published before May 1, 2020; no language restrictions) comparing tirofiban administration to blank control during EVT in patients with AIS. Our primary end points were the 3-month functional outcome, recanalization rate, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, and 3-month mortality.

The incidence of 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0-2 score of the tirofiban group was higher than that of the control group (odds ratio [OR] = 1.27, 95% CI [1.09, 1.48], p = 0.002) with heterogeneity (I2 = 34%, p = 0.11). Data pooled from the 6 studies describing the details of retriever stent in EVT revealed that tirofiban was associated with higher incidence of 3-month mRS 0-2 scptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and intracranial hemorrhage, either in the anterior or posterior circulation stroke.
Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSR) are related to genomic structure, function, and certain diseases of taxonomically different organisms.

To characterize microsatellites in two closely related Candida species by searching and comparing 1-6 bp nucleotide motifs and utilizing them to develop species-specific markers.

Whole-genome sequence was downloaded from the public domain, microsatellites were mined and analyzed, and primers were synthesized.

A total of 15,821 and 7,868 microsatellites, with mono-nucleotides (8,679) and trinucleotides (3,156) as most frequent microsatellites, were mined in Candida dubliniensis and Candida albicans, respectively. Chromosome size was found positively correlated with microsatellite number in both the species, whereas it was negatively correlated with the relative abundance and density of microsatellites. A number of unique motifs were also found in both the species. Overall, microsatellite frequencies of each chromosome in C. dubliniensis were higher thanic microsatellite markers. Here, we also report a novel microsatellite-based marker for C. dubliniensis-specific identification.
The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness and safety of intrafetal vascular laser ablation (VLA) for fetuses with bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS) with hydrops.

First, we present 3 cases of fetuses with BPS and hydrops treated by VLA. Second, we aimed to conduct a narrative review to identify all reported cases of fetuses with BPS treated by intrafetal VLA.

The review of the literature identified 41 fetuses treated by VLA for BPS with hydrops. ALW II-41-27 mouse The median gestational age of the VLA was 27+0 weeks' gestation [25+0-31+0] with an associated procedure at the same time in 43% of the cases (pleuroamniotic shunt, thoracentesis, and amniodrainage). A second procedure was required in 25% of cases for residual flow in the feeding vessel. No stillbirth or neonatal death was reported. The complications reported were a fetal thoracic hematoma complicated by fetal anemia and 4 preterm deliveries with a rate of 9%.

VLA of the feeding vessel can be an effective treatment but is not without complications. In cases demonstrating cardiac output failure, intrafetal VLA should be considered as a treatment for BPS.
VLA of the feeding vessel can be an effective treatment but is not without complications. In cases demonstrating cardiac output failure, intrafetal VLA should be considered as a treatment for BPS.
Occult tethered cord syndrome (OTCS) and its surgical treatment are controversial. A previous study with lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the prone position had found statistically significant differences in morphological parameters between pediatric OTCS patients and a control group. Filum terminale internum (FTI) sectioning is currently the gold standard for the treatment of OTCS.

We present four cases of adolescents with OTCS, of which three cases were associated with low-lying cerebellar tonsils (LLCT). The patients presented various symptoms of OTCS from pain to sensory disturbances to alterations in sphincter functions, but none had disorders belonging to all three categories. A T2-weighted axial MRI in the prone position supported the clinical diagnosis of OTCS. The patients were treated with minimal skin incision and filum terminale externum (FTE) sectioning through the sacral hiatus under local anesthesia.

We describe for the first time the association between lumbar MRI in the prone position and FTE sectioning in OTCS.
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