Notes

Complete mitochondrial genome of Bosmina fatalis (Cladocera: Bosminidae) and its phylogenetic investigation.
Because of the spread of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019), preventive COVID-19 infection behaviors become important for individuals, especially those who are vulnerable. The present study proposes a model to explain the preventive COVID-19 infection behaviors among people with mental illness in Taiwan.

A cross-sectional design was carried out and 414 patients with mental illness (230 males [55.6%]; mean age=46.32 [SD=10.86]) agreed to participate in the study. All the participants completed the Preventive COVID-19 Infection Behaviors Scale, Self-Stigma Scale-Short, Believing COVID-19 Information Scale, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21. Regression models and structural equation modeling (SEM) were applied to examine the factors associated with preventive COVID-19 infection behaviors.

Both regression models and SEM showed that trust in COVID-19 information sources (standardized coefficient [β]=0.211 in regression; β=0.194 in SEM) and fear of COVID-19 (β=-0.128 in regression; β=-0.223 in SEM) significantly explained preventive behaviors among individuals with mental illness. The SEM further showed that fear of COVID-19 was significantly explained by trust in COVID-19 information sources (β=0.220) and self-stigma (β=0.454).

Based on the results, healthcare providers should help individuals with mental illness reduce self-stigma and fear of COVID-19 which would consequently improve their preventive COVID-19 infection behaviors. Moreover, improving trust in COVID-19 information sources for individuals with mental illness may be another method to improve their preventive behaviors.
Based on the results, healthcare providers should help individuals with mental illness reduce self-stigma and fear of COVID-19 which would consequently improve their preventive COVID-19 infection behaviors. Moreover, improving trust in COVID-19 information sources for individuals with mental illness may be another method to improve their preventive behaviors.The world is witnessing a difficult time. The race of developing a new coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine is becoming more urgent. Many preliminary studies on the pathophysiology of COVID-19 patients have provided some clues to treat this pandemic. However, no suitable treatment has found yet. Various symptoms of patients infected with COVID-19 indicated the importance of immune regulation in the human body. Severe cases admitted to the intensive care unit showed high level of pro-inflammatory cytokines which enhanced the disease severity. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) in COVID-19 patients is another critical factor of disease severity and mortality. So, Immune modulation is the only way of regulating immune system. Nigella sativa has been used for medicinal purposes for centuries. find more The components of this plant are known for its intense immune-regulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant benefits in obstructive respiratory disorders. A molecular docking study also gave evidences that N. sativa decelerates COVID-19 and might give the same or better results than the FDA approved drugs. The aim of this review was to investigate the possible immune-regulatory effects of N. sativa on COVID-19 pandemic. Our review found N. sativa's Thymoquinone, Nigellidine, and α-hederin can be a potential influencer in reinforcing the immune response on molecular grounds.
To investigate the relationship between glomerular filtration rates (GFR), and homeostasis model assesment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Thirty-one overweight and obese PCOS patients with body mass index (BMI)≥25kg/m
and 25 non-obese PCOS patients with BMI<25kg/m
were included into patients' group, while 23 overweight and obese, and 25 non-obese age-and BMI-matched healthy individuals (aged between 18 and 40 years), were enrolled as controls. Levels of serum creatinine, glucose, insulin, CRP, and complete blood count were measured. eGFR, HOMA-IR and NLR were also calculated.

In PCOS group, HOMA-IR (p=0.001), CRP (p=0.025) and waist hip ratio (WHR) (p=0.011) were higher than controls. In obese PCOS sub-group, HOMA-IR (p=0.004) and WHR (p=0.002) were higher than obese controls. In non-obese PCOS sub-group, HOMA-IR (p=0.001) were higher than non-obese controls. In obese PCOS sub-group; HOMA-IR (p=0.001) and CRP (p=0.001) levels were significantly higher than non-obese PCOS sub-group. In terms of other parameters, no significant difference was found between the groups. The analysis showed a negative correlation between GFR, and BMI and HOMA-IR in PCOS group, between GFR, WHR and insulin levels in obese PCOS sub-group, and between BMI, and HOMA-IR and NLR in non-obese PCOS sub-group.

Although HOMA-IR and CRP were higher in PCOS group, there was no difference in NLR and GFR levels between those with PCOS and controls.
Although HOMA-IR and CRP were higher in PCOS group, there was no difference in NLR and GFR levels between those with PCOS and controls.
To review the indications for and side effects of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in men affected by prostate cancer.

National guidelines, evidence-based summaries, peer-reviewed studies, and websites.

Indications for ADT include men with (1) intermediate- to high-risk localised prostate cancer undergoing radiation therapy, (2) biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy treated with salvage radiation therapy, or (3) metastatic prostate cancer. Several forms of ADT are available. To support self-management, body weight, diet, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and smoking should be discussed during clinical consultations. Important side effects of ADT may include flare-up phenomena of GnRH analogues, local reactions at injection sites, cardiovascular events, bone loss/fractures, drug-drug interactions, urinary tract dysfunction, hot flashes, cognitive impairment, seizure falls, and liver impairment.

Nurses have a role in personalized cancer care and should be familiar with indications, side effects, and interventions to optimize quality of life for men affected by prostate cancer receiving ADT.
Nurses have a role in personalized cancer care and should be familiar with indications, side effects, and interventions to optimize quality of life for men affected by prostate cancer receiving ADT.
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