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Risk factors for PRES include; pregnancy, immunosuppression, renal disease, hypertension and rheumatological disorders. Vasogenic oedema in affected lobes, most often occipital, is characteristic of PRES on neuroimaging. Prompt treatment of PRES can avoid catastrophic consequences such as death and can achieve complete resolution of symptoms and imaging abnormalities.Numb chin syndrome (NCS) is characterized by numbness in an area of the chin and lower lip along the distribution of the mental or inferior alveolar nerves, a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. Most cases of NCS are due to diffuse metastatic disease, especially associated with underlying lymphoproliferative and breast cancer. Other less like causes are dental, traumatic, toxic, drug-induced, or infectious. NCS may be the initial symptom of malignancy or metastasis in patients with cancer. selleck kinase inhibitor Axial and vertebral bone metastases are common in patients with carcinoma of the prostate; however, involvement of the branches of the trigeminal nerve is rare. We present a case of the NCS in a 59-year-old man with metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma to the base of the skull.Use of intrathecal gadolinium for contrast-enhanced myelography and cisternography remains off-label and is currently not FDA-approved. We report a 70-year-old male who underwent CT myelogram utilizing off-label high-dose intrathecal gadolinium who developed altered mental status and bilateral hearing loss. Workup ruled out meningitis (infectious and aseptic), infectious encephalopathy, encephalitis, and hypothyroidism. MRI of the brain and lumbar spine without contrast displayed fluid collection in L4-5 interspace and diffuse cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hyperdensity consistent with intrathecal gadolinium. The patient eventually improved with high-dose IV dexamethasone and supportive care and resolution of diffuse CSF hyperdensity was observed on repeat MRI. There are limited data demonstrating the safety of low-dose intrathecal gadolinium due to which usage remains off-label. Our case highlights the need for caution when using substances for off-label indications and reinforces the usage of less invasive and noninvasive diagnostic modalities when possible.Nasogastric feeding tube plays an important role in administering enteral feeding and drug delivery for poststroke patients with consciousness disorders or poststroke dysphagia. Nevertheless, placement of nasogastric tubes is not without any risk of potential harm. Inadvertent malposition into the trachea or the distal tracheobronchial tree could induce severe pulmonary complications. As for poststroke patients with long-term dysphoria, such tubes have to be replaced periodically to prevent the overdue service of the tubes. Therefore, the risk of feeding tube misplacement into pulmonary system for these patients is increased. Here, we present a case of a 79-year-old poststroke patient with hydropneumothorax induced by malposition of nasogastric tube into the right pleura after routine replacement, accompanied by acute anterior wall myocardial infarction.Ganglioneuroma is a rare tumour originating from neural crest cells, occurring mainly within children older than 7 years. It can be localised in pelvic; however, this localisation is extremely rare. This paper presents the case of a 39-year-old woman, at whom the pelvic localisation of the lesion and the unspecific symptoms associated with the digestive and genital tract impeded the recognition of the actual disease. The immensely slow growth of the tumour, combined with gradual fading of the symptoms, indicated its benign character. Only the CT-controlled biopsy enabled the recognition of the ganglioneuroma. Taking under consideration the histopathologic result and the cease of the symptoms, we decided to leave the patient under observation. After 6 years of observation, no progression signs have been recorded.Metastatic pulmonary calcification is a metabolic lung disease that occurs due to a prolonged hypercalcemic state where calcium salts precipitate into numerous foci or nodules of fluffy calcifications in the lung apices, usually bilaterally. Calcifications can also occur in other organs such as in the stomach and the kidneys. It is often underdiagnosed and is usually associated with end stage renal failure and resultant secondary hyperparathyroidism. Nevertheless, it is rarely reported in the postcardiac surgery status and cardiac transplant patients. We present a case of a 15-year-old male patient with a recent history of cardiac transplant due to a complex congenital heart disease where findings of extensive metastatic pulmonary calcifications were seen a routine follow-up chest radiograph. Clinical manifestations of metastatic pulmonary calcifications can range from having no symptoms or mild dyspnea on exertion to fulminant respiratory failure. Therefore, early recognition of imaging features and initiation of proper management is crucial to the patient's outcome.Intracranial hemorrhagic metastases are a relatively common finding in patients with thyroid carcinoma. Consequently, more unusual vascular lesions may be overlooked in contemplating a differential diagnosis in this patient group. A 50-year-old female with previously treated papillary thyroid carcinoma presented to the emergency department following new onset seizures. Her work up revealed multiple intraparenchymal brain lesions, hyperdense on computed tomography and demonstrating susceptibility effect, T1 shortening and contrast enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging, suggestive of metastases. Subsequent studies revealed lesional architecture consistent with multiple cavernous malformations, made evident by resolution of edema and evolution of blood products. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of unusual intracranial hemorrhagic lesions in oncology patients which may only become evident on serial imaging evaluation. Cavernous hemangioma has typical MRI characteristic features which includes "mulberry" appearance on T2-weighted and fluid attenuation inversion recovery images with varying internal signal intensity which indicates multiple stages of blood products within the cavernous hamngioma. The lesions commonly have a typical T2-weighted dark hemosiderin rim. Blood sensitive demonstrates prominent surrounding hypointensity representing blooming secondary to internal blood products and/or calcification, if present. Cavernous hemangioma may rarely demonstrate some degree of contrast enhancement. Perfusion imaging may show alteration in capillary permeability involving cavernous malformations which has been previously described in the literature.
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