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Usage of Hydrolyzed Chinese language Gallnut Tannic Chemical p in Weaned Piglets rather than Zinc Oxide: Overview on the Belly Microbiota.
Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) is an inherited group of rare, life-threatening disorders due to the defect in T cell development and function. Clinical manifestations are characterised by recurrent and severe bacterial, viral, and fungal opportunistic infections that start from early infancy period. Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the treatment of choice. The pattern of inheritance of SCID may be X-linked or autosomal recessive. Though the diagnosis of SCID is usually established by flow cytometry-based tests, genetic diagnosis is often needed for genetic counselling, prognostication, and modification of pre-transplant chemotherapeutic agents. This review aims to highlight the genetic aspects of SCID. © 2019 Chongqing Medical University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.In past two decades the gene therapy using genetic modified autologous hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) transduced with the viral vector has become a promising alternative option for treating primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs). Despite of some pitfalls at early stage clinical trials, the field of gene therapy has advanced significantly in the last decade with improvements in viral vector safety, preparatory regime for manufacturing high quality virus, automated CD34 cell purification. Hence, the overall outcome from the clinical trials for the different PIDs has been very encouraging. In addition to the viral vector based gene therapy, the recent fast moving forward developments in genome editing using engineered nucleases in HSCs has provided a new promising platform for the treatment of PIDs. This review provides an overall outcome and progress in gene therapy clinical trials for SCID-X, ADA-SCID, WAS, X- CGD, and the recent developments in genome editing technology applied in HSCs for developing potential therapy, particular in the key studies for PIDs. © 2020 Chongqing Medical University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.Common variable immunodeficiency disorders (CVID), a heterogeneous group of inborn errors of immunity, is the most common symptomatic primary immunodeficiency disorder. this website Patients with CVID have highly variable clinical presentation. With the advent of whole genome sequencing and genome wide association studies (GWAS), there has been a remarkable improvement in understanding the genetics of CVID. This has also helped in understanding the pathogenesis of CVID and has drastically improved the management of these patients. A multi-omics approach integrating the DNA sequencing along with RNA sequencing, proteomics, epigenetic and metabolomics profile is the need of the hour to unravel specific CVID associated disease pathways and novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we elaborate various techniques that have helped in understanding the genetics of CVID. © 2019 Chongqing Medical University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) refer to a heterogenous group of disorders characterized clinically by increased susceptibility to infections, autoimmunity and increased risk of malignancies. These group of disorders present with clinical manifestations similar to PIDs with known genetic defects but have either no genetic defect or have a somatic mutation and thus have been labelled as "Phenocopies of PIDs". These diseases have been further subdivided into those associated with somatic mutations and those associated with presence of auto-antibodies against various cytokines. In this review, we provide an update on clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management of these diseases. © 2019 Chongqing Medical University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases (PIDs) are increasingly being reported across the World. Several advances have been made in the diagnostic and therapeutic research related to PIDs. With increasing awareness, the field of PIDs has rapidly evolved in Asia as well. In this review, we summarize the progress that has been made in the field of PIDs in Asian countries; major limitations and challenges faced by the clinicians working in this field in Asia; difference in spectrum of PIDs in Asia from rest of the World; current state of diagnostic and treatment facilities available in various countries in Asia and the future prospects of these diseases in the continent. © 2019 Chongqing Medical University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.Objectives The increase in body fat mass (BFM) and the loss of lean body mass (LBM) or muscle strength with age affects bone mineral (BMD). These factors increase the prevalence and incidence of obesity and sarcopenia, which have unclear effects on bone mineral density. The purpose of this study was to determine how the above selected factors affect BMD. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 58 women (aged 62.1 ± 4.8 years). Total body, left proximal femur, lumbar spine BMD, and body composition parameters were measured with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Isokinetic flexion and extension strength of the dominant leg were measured at 60 deg./s. Grip strength was measured with the dominant upper extremity. To determine the volume of physical activity (PA), the PA level was monitored for seven consecutive days using an ActiGraph model GT1M accelerometer. Results BFM was positively associated with BMD of the proximal femur (β = 0.31; P  less then  0.05), whereas LBM or appendicular lean mass (ALM) did not relate to BMD at any sites. Dominant isokinetic strength also did not relate to BMD at any site. A/G (android/gynoid) fat ratio shows positive association with lumbar spine BMD after adjusting for YSM (years since menopause), height, smoking status, and steps per day. Conclusion We observed a positive association between proximal femur BMD and BFM, but not between LBM, ALM or isokinetic strength. A/G ratio and BMI showed a positive association with lumbar spine BMD or proximal femur BMD, respectively. © 2020 Published by Elsevier Inc.Given sufficient training samples, statistical shape models can provide detailed population representations for use in anthropological and computational genetic studies, injury biomechanics, musculoskeletal disease models or implant design optimization. While the technique has become extremely popular for the description of isolated anatomical structures, it suffers from positional interference when applied to coupled or articulated input data. In the present manuscript we describe and validate a novel approach to extract positional noise from such coupled data. The technique was first validated and then implemented in a multicomponent model of the lower limb. The impact of noise on the model itself as well as on the description of sexual dimorphism was evaluated. The novelty of our methodology lies in the fact that no rigid transformations are calculated or imposed on the data by means of idealized joint definitions and by extension the models obtained from them. © 2020 The Authors.
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