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-group. This study describes aspects of home that contribute to, or has adverse impact on well-being. These aspects need thorough consideration in policy-making and planning of health care that can affect experiences of home.Exercise improves the insulin sensitivity of glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Due to that, exercise has become a cornerstone treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The mechanisms by which exercise improves skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity are, however, incompletely understood. We conducted a systematic review to identify all genes whose gain or loss of function alters skeletal muscle glucose uptake. We subsequently cross-referenced these genes with recently generated data sets on exercise-induced gene expression and signaling. Our search revealed 176 muscle glucose-uptake genes, meaning that their genetic manipulation altered glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. Notably, exercise regulates the expression or phosphorylation of more than 50% of the glucose-uptake genes or their protein products. This included many genes that previously have not been associated with exercise-induced insulin sensitivity. Interestingly, endurance and resistance exercise triggered some common but mostly unique changes in expression and phosphorylation of glucose-uptake genes or their protein products. Collectively, our work provides a resource of potentially new molecular effectors that play a role in the incompletely understood regulation of muscle insulin sensitivity by exercise.
No biomarkers have been identified that can classify subtypes of hand eczema (HE). Although skin biopsies represent the gold standard for investigations of the skin, the invasive technique is not favorable when investigating skin from sensitive areas. Recent advances in the use of skin-tape strips for molecular investigations enable noninvasive investigations of HE.
By using whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS), the molecular profile of HE according to different localizations on the hands, etiologies, and clinical/morphological subtypes was investigated.
Thirty adult, Danish HE patients, 12 with and 18 without concurrent atopic dermatitis (AD), as well as 16 controls were included. Tape strip samples were collected from lesional, nonlesional, and healthy skin. Total RNA was extracted and WTS was performed.
The largest molecular difference of HE patients with and without AD was found in nonlesional skin areas and included a downregulation of CXCL8 for HE patients without AD. Differences between allergic and irritant contact dermatitis included epidermal biomarkers such as EPHA1.
Skin tape strip samples could be used to assess the gene expression profile of HE on different localizations of the hands. The skin tape strip method identified new molecular markers that showed promising result for the identification of HE subtypes.
Skin tape strip samples could be used to assess the gene expression profile of HE on different localizations of the hands. The skin tape strip method identified new molecular markers that showed promising result for the identification of HE subtypes.Progress in photodynamic therapy (PDT) relies on the design and synthesis of photosensitizers that can efficiently sensitize singlet oxygen using visible light irradiation while displaying limited dark toxicity. Here, we highlight the paper by Linker and coworkers published in this issue of Photochemistry and Photobiology, which evaluates the effect of the regiochemistry of pyridinium rings in three isomeric pyridinium alkynylanthracenes on their performance as photosensitizers for PDT in HeLa cells.
The present study aims to explore the research hot spots, development trends and knowledge structure of dignity in the nursing field.
Quantitative and co-word biclustering analysis were used.
Articles on dignity care published from 01 Jan 2011 to 31 Dec 2020, were retrieved from PubMed. The extracted Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms were quantitatively analysed using Bibliographic Item Co-occurrence Matrix Builder software. To determine the hot spots, a biclustering analysis was completed using gCluto1.0 software. A strategic diagram and a social network analysis (SNA) were used to reveal trends in the theme and knowledge structure.
In the parameters of the retrieval strategy, a total of 1977 papers were included in the present study. Amongst all the extracted MeSH terms, 27 high-frequency MeSH terms were identified, and the hot spots were grouped into five categories. These were namely dignity in (1) dementia care, (2) palliative care, (3) older people care, (4) healthcare and (5) clinical nursi present study was considered to offer novel insights into research on dignity in nursing and could be a reliable reference point for researchers when launching new projects.Tissue-specific basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors play an important role in cellular differentiation. We recently identified AmeloD as a tooth-specific bHLH transcription factor. However, the role of AmeloD in cellular differentiation has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of AmeloD in dental epithelial cell differentiation. We found that AmeloD-knockout (AmeloD-KO) mice developed an abnormal structure and altered ion composition of enamel in molars, suggesting that AmeloD-KO mice developed enamel hypoplasia. In molars of AmeloD-KO mice, the transcription factor Sox21 encoding SRY-Box transcription factor 21 and ameloblast differentiation marker genes were significantly downregulated. Furthermore, overexpression of AmeloD in the dental epithelial cell line M3H1 upregulated Sox21 and ameloblast differentiation marker genes, indicating that AmeloD is critical for ameloblast differentiation. Our study demonstrated that AmeloD is an important transcription factor in amelogenesis for promoting ameloblast differentiation. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms of amelogenesis.This essay studies the narrative self-positioning of Science Studies in the German Democratic Republic during the 1980s. Drawing on archival material on the foundation of the Council for Marxist-Leninist Science Studies at the Academy of Sciences in East Berlin in March 1988, it analyses how boundaries between Science Studies as a lone standing discipline and several other fields were construed and crossed at the same time and how (scientific) authority was claimed from the intermediate position of an external insider. Not only did Science Studies engage with their subject - the sciences -, but also with the politics of the Socialist Party, with the institution of the Academy, and with (industrial) production. After a formative institutional phase that spanned across the 1970s, Science Studies made efforts to centralize their work during the 1980s, to bind themselves closer to the state and scientific institutions, and to distinguish themselves from them at the same time.Alzheimer's disease is associated with multiple risk factors and is the most common type of dementia. Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota metabolite derived from dietary choline and carnitine, has recently been identified as a potential risk factor of Alzheimer's disease. It has been demonstrated that TMAO is associated with Alzheimer's disease through various pathophysiological pathways. As a result of molecular crowding effects, TMAO causes the aggregation of the two proteins, amyloid-beta peptide and tau protein. The aggregation of these proteins is the main pathology associated with Alzheimer's disease. MK8245 In addition, it has been found that TMAO can activate astrocytes, and inflammatory response. Besides molecular investigation, animal and human studies have also supported the existence of a functional relationship between TMAO and cognitive decline. This article comprehensively summarizes the relationship between TMAO and Alzheimer's disease including emerging evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies. We hope that this knowledge will improve the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease in the near future.Routine patient testing for viral infections is critical to identify infected individuals for treatment and to prevent spreading of infections to others. Developing robust and reliable diagnostic tools to detect nucleic acids of viruses at the point-of-care could greatly assist the clinical management of viral infections. The remarkable stability and high binding affinity of peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) to target nucleic acids could make PNA-based biosensors an excellent starting point to develop new nucleic acid detection technologies. We report the application of cyclopentane-modified PNAs to capture target nucleic acids in a microfluidic channel, and the use of bioorthogonal PNAs conjugated to gold nanoparticles as probes to semi-quantitatively signal the presence of a target nucleic acid derived from HIV-1. The basic results presented could be used to develop more advanced devices to detect nucleic acids from viruses such as HIV, SARS-CoV-2, and a wide range of other human diseases.
This study aimed to identify the predictors of female nursing students' body mass index (BMI), including social jetlag.
This secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2015 included data of 304 female undergraduate nursing students. A hierarchical regression analysis was performed to identify the predictors of BMI.
Social jetlag was the most potent predictor of BMI, followed by premenstrual symptoms and sleep quality.
This study presents foundational data for developing interventions for social jetlag management as a strategy to prevent obesity in female nursing students by identifying factors predicting BMI.
This study presents foundational data for developing interventions for social jetlag management as a strategy to prevent obesity in female nursing students by identifying factors predicting BMI.The COVID-19 pandemic is responsible for millions of deaths worldwide yet its origin remains unclear. Two potential scenarios of how infection of humans initially occurred include zoonotic transfer from wild animals and a leak of the pathogen from a research laboratory. The Wuhan wet markets where wild animals are sold represent a strong scenario for zoonotic transfer. However, isolation of SARS-CoV-2 or its immediate predecessor from wild animals in their natural environment has yet to be documented. Due to incomplete evidence for a zoonotic origin, a laboratory origin is plausible. The Wuhan Institute of Virology is at the epicenter of the pandemic and their work has included manipulation of wild-type coronavirus to enable infection of human cells. Although stronger evidence supports the zoonotic transfer, inconclusive reports maintain the laboratory leak hypothesis alive. It is imperative to reach a factual conclusion to prevent future pandemics.Trans fats are desired by the edible oil industry as they impart firmness, plasticity, and oxidative stability to oil. However, clinical trials have demonstrated the adverse effects of trans fats in food on human health and nutrition. Regulatory actions have been taken up by government and non-government bodies worldwide to eliminate the presence of trans fats in the food supply. The World Health Organization (WHO) has launched a "REPLACE" action plan to eliminate trans-fat from the global food industry by 2023. A few enabling technologies are developed to mitigate trans fats namely, trait-enhanced oils, modification in the hydrogenation process, interesterification, fractionation, blending, and oleogelation. Some of them have the drawback of replacing trans-fat with saturated fats. Interesterification and oleogelation are in-trend techniques with excellent potential in replacing trans fats without compromising the desired functionality and nutritional quality attributes. This review presents an overview of trans fatty acid for example, its dietary intake in food products, possible adverse health impact, regulations, and approaches to reduce the usage of trans fats for food application.
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