Notes

Midterm Protection associated with Fractional co2 Insufflation of the Leg Throughout Arthroscopic Cartilage-Based Treatments.
In contrast, serum Gd-IgA1/IgA was age-independent. The cutoff value of serum Gd-IgA1/IgA for differentiating IgAN from non-IgA glomerular diseases was 0.2401. Serum Gd-IgA1 levels were negatively correlated with eGFR and positively correlated with mesangial IgA deposition. In contrast, serum Gd-IgA1/IgA levels were not correlated with any clinical parameters of IgAN. In conclusion, serum Gd-IgA1 levels were significantly elevated in children with IgAN. However, those levels were age-dependent; therefore, serum Gd-IgA1 levels classified by age and/or serum Gd-IgA1/IgA might have diagnostic values in children with IgAN.Aim Cirrhosis is rare in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with a poor prognosis. This study is aimed at retrospectively analyzing our single-center experience to explore the characteristics of cirrhosis in SLE patients. Methods SLE patients with cirrhosis from 2012 to 2019 were enrolled. SLE diagnosis was rigorously confirmed by a medical record review according to the revised 1997 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for SLE. The diagnosis of liver cirrhosis was based on a combination of clinical, laboratory, and imaging criteria features. We conducted a case-control study in SLE patients complicated with the cirrhosis group and the age-, sex-, and entry-time-matched noncirrhosis group. Results A total of 21 patients with SLE cirrhosis were enrolled, 3 males and 18 females. The median age at the time of cirrhosis diagnosis was 47.3 ± 4.0 years, and the mean disease duration of SLE before cirrhosis was 4.7 ± 1.0 years. The most common initial presentation was the involvement of the hematological system in 9 patients and then skin and mucosal involvement in 5 patients, arthritis in 4 patients, and nephritis in 3 patients. Patients with cirrhosis had a significantly higher rate of hematological system involvement (thrombocytopenia and leukopenia) and worse liver function; a higher level of immune globulin G had higher mortality (p less then 0.05) than patients without cirrhosis. Conclusions Cirrhosis is a rare and severe subtype of SLE with a poor prognosis. Those patients with hematological system involvement and impaired liver function should be paid more attention.Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is the gold standard treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea, which affects millions of people worldwide. However, this therapy normally results in symptoms such as dryness, sneezing, rhinorrhoea, post-nasal drip, nasal congestion and epistaxis in the upper airways. Using bronchial epithelial (Calu-3) and nasal epithelial (RPMI 2650) cells in an in vitro respiratory model, this study, for the first time, investigates the effect of CPAP positive pressure on the human respiratory epithelial mechanisms that regulate upper airways lubrication characteristics. To understand how the epithelium and mucus are affected by this therapy, several parameters were determined before and after positive pressure application. This work demonstrates that the positive pressure not only compresses the cells, but also reduces their permeability and mucus secretion rate, thus drying the airway surface liquid layer and altering the mucus/water ratio. It is also observed that the respiratory epithelia is equally inflamed without or with external humidification during CPAP application. These findings clearly identify the causes of the side-effects reported by patients under CPAP therapy.Aim A subgroup of children with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) requires treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). This study's aims were 1) to determine if the optimal CPAP for the treatment of OSA in children correlates with body mass index (BMI); 2) to determine the correlation between polysomnographic variables and optimal CPAP in children with OSA; and 3) to develop a CPAP predictive equation for children with OSA. Methods This was a retrospective study of children with OSA who underwent CPAP titration studies. Patients with craniofacial abnormalities (except Down syndrome) and neuromuscular diseases were excluded. Polysomnograms were done using Sandman Elite. Correlations between optimal CPAP, clinical and polysomnographic variables were analysed. A multivariable linear regression model for optimal CPAP was developed. Results 198 children (mean±sd age 13.1±3.6 years) were studied. check details Optimal CPAP had a significant positive correlation with age (rho=0.216, p=0.002), obstructive apnoea-hypopnoea index (rho=0.421, p less then 0.001), 3% oxygen desaturation index (rho=0.417, p less then 0.001), rapid eye movement respiratory disturbance index (rho=0.378, p less then 0.001) and BMI z-score (rho=0.160, p=0.024); and a significant negative correlation with arterial oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry nadir (rho= -0.333, p less then 0.001). The predictive equation derived wasOptimal CPAP (cmH2O)=6.486+0.273·age (years)-0.664·adenotonsillectomy(no=1, yes=0)+2.120·Down syndrome (yes=1, no=0)+0.280·BMI z-score. Conclusion The equation developed may help to predict optimal CPAP in children with OSA. Further studies are required to validate this equation and to determine its applicability in different populations.Information concerning the factors affecting the circulation and distribution of free-roaming dogs is crucial in developing control actions and limiting the spread of zoonoses. The present study analyzes the influence of gender, sterilization, and environment on the spatial distribution of free-roaming dogs in urban settings. Animals were captured/recaptured in seven consecutive morning sampling efforts conducted at 2-monthly intervals in control and intervention areas in a medium-size town in southeastern Brazil. Capture locations were georeferenced and captured animals were microchipped before being released at their original capture sites. Dogs captured in the intervention area were subjected additionally to surgical sterilization prior to release. Home range (HR) areas were calculated by applying the minimum convex polygon method to dogs that had been captured at least three times. Land coverage zones were determined from satellite images and overlaid on maps of the study areas along with the locations of 22 commercial food outlets.
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