Notes

[Evidence-based clinical tips in dental practice Half a dozen. Recommendations with regard to specialized medical practice within dentistry education].
Based on the biological, nutrients and hydrological data in August 2018, the vertical chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration profiles and the relationship among surface Chl-a (Chl-a(0)) concentration, maximum Chl-a (Chl-a(m)) concentration and depth-integrated Chl-a (Chl-a(int)) concentration were studied in the Northern South China Sea (NSCS). The results indicate that there are 4 different patterns in the vertical Chl-a profiles in the NSCS (i) Chl-a increases with depth from the surface (e.g. station 1); (ii) there exists subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM), with low Chl-a on the surface and at the bottom layers respectively (e.g. station 5); (iii) there is no SCM, only with high Chl-a on the surface and in the bottom (e.g. station 14); (iv) the 4th pattern is similar to (ii), with the higher Chl-a(0) (e.g. station 28). The SCM is observed at 95% stations in the NSCS and is not detected only at a few stations near the Pearl River (PR) estuary. These patterns are mainly regulated by alternative limitation of ing effect of surface phytoplankton, generally with shallow nutriclines and fast light attenuation for high Chl-a(0) and vice versa low Chl-a(0) brings deeper nutriclines and light attenuate slowly with less shading effect. Further research results shows that Chl-a(int) and Chl-a(m) have a good correlation(R2 = 0.6397, p less then 0.01). However, the correlation between Chl-a(int) and Chl-a(0) is relative weak (R2 = 0.3202, p less then 0.01). That could be attributed to the availability of nutrients playing an important role in growth of phytoplankton, with high nutrients at upper euphotic layers for the stations with high Chl-a(0).[This corrects the article DOI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002880.].As a key vector for major arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) such as dengue, Zika and chikungunya, control of Aedes aegypti represents a major challenge in public health. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ly3200882.html Bloodmeal acquisition is necessary for the reproduction of vector mosquitoes and pathogen transmission. Blood contains potentially toxic amounts of iron while it provides nutrients for mosquito offspring; disruption of iron homeostasis in the mosquito may therefore lead to novel control strategies. We previously described a potential iron exporter in Ae. aegypti after a targeted functional screen of ZIP (zinc-regulated transporter/Iron-regulated transporter-like) and ZnT (zinc transporter) family genes. In this study, we performed an RNAseq-based screen in an Ae. aegypti cell line cultured under iron-deficient and iron-excess conditions. A subset of differentially expressed genes were analyzed via a cytosolic iron-sensitive dual-luciferase reporter assay with several gene candidates potentially involved in iron transport. In vivo gene silencing resulted in significant reduction of fecundity (egg number) and fertility (hatch rate) for one gene, termed dyspepsia. Silencing of dyspepsia reduced the induction of ferritin expression in the midgut and also resulted in delayed/impaired excretion and digestion. Further characterization of this gene, including a more direct confirmation of its substrate (iron or otherwise), could inform vector control strategies as well as to contribute to the field of metal biology.Can egalitarian norms or conventions survive the presence of dominant individuals who are ensured of victory in conflicts? We investigate the interaction of power asymmetry and partner choice in games of conflict over a contested resource. Previous models of cooperation do not include both power inequality and partner choice. Furthermore, models that do include power inequalities assume a static game where a bully's advantage does not change. They have therefore not attempted to model complex and realistic properties of social interaction. Here, we introduce three models to study the emergence and resilience of cooperation among unequals when interaction is random, when individuals can choose their partners, and where power asymmetries dynamically depend on accumulated payoffs. We find that the ability to avoid bullies with higher competitive ability afforded by partner choice mostly restores cooperative conventions and that the competitive hierarchy never forms. Partner choice counteracts the hyper dominanceion and cycles start to emerge.[This corrects the article DOI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005395.].
Hemophilic arthropathy, a condition manifested as joint destruction due to spontaneous joint bleeding, is one complication of hemophiliac patients. Early detection and intervention may improve the outcome, in which ultrasonography can be an ideal modality with the introduction of HEAD-US (Hemophilia Early Arthropathy Detection with Ultrasound) protocol. Studies have shown US benefit in hemophiliac patients, including its potential as an alternative for the Hemophiliac Joint Health Score (HJHS) system. However, many of the studies were conducted in countries with better management of hemophilia using prophylaxis treatment. It is unclear whether HEAD-US has a correlation with HJHS in countries using episodic treatment only, like in Indonesia.

This study aimed to explore the correlation between HEAD-US and HJHS in hemophiliac patients with joint problems in Indonesia.

A cross-sectional correlation study between HEAD-US and HJHS was performed with primary data collected from 120 hemophilic patients. US exampatients who received episodic treatment. HEAD-US can provide additional value in the anatomical evaluation of the joint and could be complementary to HJHS in assessing the joint status in hemophilic patient.Adequate diversity and abundance of native seed for large-scale grassland restorations often require commercially produced seed from distant sources. However, as sourcing distance increases, the likelihood of inadvertent introduction of multiple novel, non-native weed species as seed contaminants also increases. We created a model to determine an "optimal maximum distance" that would maximize availability of native prairie seed from commercial sources while minimizing the risk of novel invasive weeds via contamination. The model focused on the central portion of the Level II temperate prairie ecoregion in the Midwest US. The median optimal maximum distance from which to source seed was 272 km (169 miles). In addition, we weighted the model to address potential concerns from restoration practitioners 1. sourcing seed via a facilitated migration strategy (i.e., direct movement of species from areas south of a given restoration site to assist species' range expansion) to account for warming due to climate change; and 2.
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