Notes

Human-caused increases inside reactive nitrogen burial inside sediment of world ponds.
The analytical framework presented is useful for conducting a situationally oriented analysis of digital technology use for engagement in occupation. Future research and validation of the analytical framework are needed.
The analytical framework presented is useful for conducting a situationally oriented analysis of digital technology use for engagement in occupation. Future research and validation of the analytical framework are needed.The advent of omics technologies has greatly improved our understanding of microbial biology, particularly in the last two decades. #link# The field of microbial biofilms is, however, relatively new, consolidated in the 1980s. check details by microbes from planktonic to biofilm phenotype confers numerous survival advantages such as resistance to desiccation, antibiotics, biocides, ultraviolet radiation, and host immune responses, thereby complicating treatment strategies for pathogenic microorganisms. Hence, understanding the mechanisms governing the biofilm phenotype can result in efficient treatment strategies directed specifically against molecular markers mediating this process. The application of omics technologies for studying microbial biofilms is relatively less explored and holds great promise in furthering our understanding of biofilm biology. In this review, we provide an overview of the application of omics tools such as transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics as well as multi-omics approaches for studying microbial biofilms in the current literature. We also highlight how the use of omics tools directed at various stages of the biological information flow, from genes to metabolites, can be integrated via multi-omics platforms to provide a holistic view of biofilm biology. Following this, we propose a future artificial intelligence-based multi-omics platform that can predict the pathways associated with different biofilm phenotypes.
Manual volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) treatment planning for high-risk prostate cancer receiving whole pelvic radiotherapy (WPRT) with four integrated dose levels is complex and time consuming. We have investigated if the radiotherapy planning process and plan quality can be improved using a well-tuned model developed through a commercial system for knowledge-based planning (KBP).

Treatment plans from 69 patients treated for high-risk prostate cancer with manually planned VMAT were used to develop an initial KBP model (RapidPlan, RP). Prescribed doses were 50, 60, 67.5, and 72.5 Gy in 25 fractions to the pelvic lymph nodes, prostate and seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and prostate tumour(s), respectively. This RP model was in clinical use from July 2019 to February 2020, producing another set of 69 clinically delivered treatment plans for a new patient group, which were used to develop a second RP model. Both models were validated on an independent group of 40 patients. Plan quality was compared by

and the Paddick conformity index for targets, mean dose (

) and generalised equivalent uniform dose (gEUD) for bladder, bowel bag and rectum, and number of monitor units (MU).

Target coverage and conformity was similar between manually created and RP treatment plans. Compared to the manually created treatment plans, the final RP model reduced average

and gEUD with 2.7 Gy and 1.3 Gy for bladder, 1.2 Gy and 0.9 Gy for bowel bag, and 2.7 Gy and 0.8 Gy for rectum, respectively (
< .05). For rectum, the interpatient variation (i.e., 95% confidence interval) of DVHs was reduced by 23%.

KBP improved plan quality and consistency among treatment plans for high-risk prostate cancer. Model tuning using KBP-based clinical plans further improved model outcome.
KBP improved plan quality and consistency among treatment plans for high-risk prostate cancer. Model tuning using KBP-based clinical plans further improved model outcome.Increasing evidence supports a central role of the immune system in acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN), but the current view of how streptococcal biology affects immunity, and vice versa, remains to be clarified. Renal glomerular immune complex deposition is critical in the initiation of APSGN; however, mechanisms previous to immune complex formation could modulate the initiation and the progression of the disease. Initial and late renal events involved in the nephritis can also be related to host factors and streptococcal factors. In this review we describe the mechanisms reported for the APSGN pathogenesis, the interactions of streptococcal products with renal cells and leukocytes, the possible effects of different nephritogenic antigens in the renal environment and the possibility that APSGN is not just due to a single streptococcal antigen and its antibody; instead, kidney damage may be the result of different factors acting at the same time related to both streptococcus and host factors. Addressing these points should help us to better understand APSGN physiopathology.Presented here is a novel automated method for determining the trace element composition of bulk thorium by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). ICP-OES is a universal approach for measuring the trace elemental impurities present in actinide-rich materials; however, due to the emission rich spectrum of the actinide, a separation from the trace elements is warranted for spectrochemical analysis. Here, AG MP-1 ion exchange resin was utilized for retention of the Th matrix, while allowing the trace element impurities to be separated prior to subsequent analysis using ICP-OES. After demonstrating the separation on traditional gravity-driven columns, the methodology was transitioned to an automated platform for comparison. This automated platform utilizes syringe-driven sample and solvent flow and can collect the trace element and thorium fractions in separate locations. While reducing the sample size (500 µL, 1.5 mg of Th), maintaining the overall separation efficiency (recoveries >95%), and illustrating the sample throughput ability (n = 10+), this automated methodology could be readily adopted to nuclear facilities in which the determination of trace elemental impurities in Th samples is warranted.
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