Notes

Analyzing Present Density Acting of Non-Invasive Eyesight and Human brain Electrical Stimulation Employing Phosphene Thresholds.
Groups B3 and B1 showed the lowest and highest noise levels, respectively (P < 0.001). The SNR and CNR in group B3 were highest (P < 0.001). The radiation dose in group B was reduced by 71.5 % on average compared to group A. Subjective scores in groups A and B2 were highest (P < 0.001). Diagnostic sensitivity and confidence for liver metastases in groups A and B2 were highest (P < 0.001).

Reduced-dose abdominopelvic unenhanced CT combined with DL post-processing could ensure image quality and satisfy diagnostic needs.
Reduced-dose abdominopelvic unenhanced CT combined with DL post-processing could ensure image quality and satisfy diagnostic needs.
To compare early brain MRI using a composite imaging score and outcome at one year in asphyxiated newborns treated by hypothermia.

This retrospective study included for two years consecutive asphyxiated term newborns treated by hypothermia for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and who had brain MRI before day 8. Therapeutic hypothermia was initiated within the first 6 h of life and continued for 72 h. Imaging protocol included T1 and T2 sequences, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), evaluated with a specific composite score, and spectroscopy. Clinical evaluation was performed at one year of age, outcome was classified as favorable/unfavorable. The primary endpoint was the correlation between our MRI score and outcome with the definition of a threshold. The secondary endpoints were to find the most relevant criteria within the score and to evaluate objective signal measurements to support subjective criteria.

Among the 33 included patients, 9 died during the first days of life, 20 had a favorable outcome, 4 an unfavorable one. MRI score was correlated to a poor clinical outcome (p < 0.001). Most of the criteria within the score and spectroscopy results were relevant (p < 0.05). Cerebral edema was objectively assessed by the signal intensity ratio of white matter compared to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) on T2-weighted images (p < 0.001).

MRI score was predictive of neurodevelopmental outcome at one year. The most relevant criteria within the score were DWI abnormalities in basal ganglia and thalami and loss of white-cortical grey matter differentiation. Signal intensity ratio between white matter and CSF higher than 0.75 supports the presence of edema.
MRI score was predictive of neurodevelopmental outcome at one year. The most relevant criteria within the score were DWI abnormalities in basal ganglia and thalami and loss of white-cortical grey matter differentiation. Signal intensity ratio between white matter and CSF higher than 0.75 supports the presence of edema.
To compare objective and subjective parameters in image quality and radiation dose of two MDCTs (helical 64 detector CT vs. axial 256 detector CT) in paediatric lung CT.

Radiation dose and image quality were compared between non-enhanced lung CT from a helical 64-slice multidetector CT (MDCT 1) and a 256-slice scanner (MDCT 2) with axial wide-cone acquisition and using deep learning image reconstruction. In 23 size-matched paediatric studies (age 2-18 years) from each scanner, the radiation exposure, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), image sharpness and delineation of small airways were assessed. Subjective image quality was rated by 6 paediatric radiologists.

While MDCT 2 provided higher SNR and CNR, subjective image quality was not significantly different between studies from both scanners. Radiation exposure was lower in studies from MDCT 2 (CTDIvol 0.26 ± 0.14 mGy, effective dose 0.23 ± 0.11 mSv) than from MDCT 1 (CTDIvol 0.96 ± 0.52 mGy, effective dose 1.13 ± 0.58 mSv), p < 0.001. Despite lower radiation dose for the scout images, the relative scout-scan-ratio increased from 2.64 ± 1.42 % in MDCT 1 to 6.60 ± 5.03 % in MDCT 2 (p = 0.001).

By using latest scanner technology effective radiation dose can be reduced to 0.1-0.3 mSv for lung CT in children without compromising image quality. Scout image dose increasingly accounts for substantial portions of the total scan dose and needs to be optimized. In children CT should be performed on state-of-the-art MDCT scanners with size-adapted exposure protocols and iterative reconstruction.
By using latest scanner technology effective radiation dose can be reduced to 0.1-0.3 mSv for lung CT in children without compromising image quality. Scout image dose increasingly accounts for substantial portions of the total scan dose and needs to be optimized. In children CT should be performed on state-of-the-art MDCT scanners with size-adapted exposure protocols and iterative reconstruction.
The relationship between air pollution and meteorological factors on diseases has become a research hotspot recently. Nevertheless, few studies have touched the inferences of nitrogen dioxide (NO
) and atmospheric pressure (AP) on hospitalization risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

To investigate the short-term impact of particulate air pollutants and meteorology factors on hospitalizations for COPD and quantify the corresponding risk burden of hospital admission.

In our study, COPD cases were collected from Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital (n=11,979) from Dec of 2013 to Jun 2019. The 24-h average temperature, relative humidity (RH), wind speed (V), AP and other meteorological data were obtained from Guangzhou Meteorological Bureau. Alvelestat purchase Air pollution data were collected from Guangzhou Air Monitoring Station. The influence of different NO
and AP values on COPD risk was quantified by a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) combined with Poisson Regression and Time Series analysis.

We found that NO
had a non-linear relationship with the incidence of COPD, with an approximate "M" type, appearing at the peaks of 126μg/m³ (RR=1.32, 95%CI, 1.07 to 1.64) and 168μg/m³ (RR=1.21, 95%CI, 0.94 to 1.55), respectively. And the association between AP and COPD incidence exhibited an approximate J-shape with a peak occurring at 1035hPa (RR=1.16, 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.31).

The nonlinear relationship of NO
and AP on COPD admission risk in different periods of lag can be used to establish an early warning system for diseases and reduce the possible outbreaks and burdens of COPD in a sensitive population.
The nonlinear relationship of NO2 and AP on COPD admission risk in different periods of lag can be used to establish an early warning system for diseases and reduce the possible outbreaks and burdens of COPD in a sensitive population.
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