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Cytochrome P450 Omega-Hydroxylase 4a14 Attenuates Cholestatic Liver Fibrosis.
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most common type of lower respiratory tract infection and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in adults worldwide. Sex and gender play an active role in the incidence and outcomes of major infectious diseases, including CAP. Some studies have reported higher male susceptibility to pulmonary infections and higher risk of death due to sepsis, but others have found the opposite effect. Biological differences (e.g. hormonal cycles and cellular immune- mediated responses) together with cultural, behavioral and socio-economic differences are important determinants of the course and outcome of CAP. Identify gender differences in CAP can guide patient's prognostication and management. The purpose of this review is to provide the available literature evidences about gender's influence on the clinical course of CAP in order to optimize the assessment, monitoring and treatment of this disease and to reduce its negative outcomes.BACKGROUND Up to 50% of patients suffering from acute decompensated heart failure show normal or slightly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). This syndrome, which is known as "heart failure with preserved ejection fraction" (HFpEF) is associated with increasing age. Epidemiological studies could portrait an increasing importance and an even emerging prevalence in the past decades. see more Still, there is currently no evidenced based medical treatment option available. Our aims were to identify upcoming trends and emerging concepts and to point out important centers in the global research of HFpEF. METHODS We performed a bibliometric study on current science in the field of HFpEF to identify study characteristics, impact factors and the countries of origin of basic and clinical studies that were published within the years 2009 to 2016. We further prepared density equalizing maps for visualization of the obtained data. RESULTS A total of 5413 studies was screened, of which 794 were found eligible. The scientific output in clinical studies rose from 25 in 2009 to 165 in 2016. Most of the publications had a clinical topic, followed by studies on new imaging techniques. Basic research trials were by far beyond. United States, Japan and Germany were identified as the most important national contributors to global scientific output. CONCLUSIONS This first bibliometric study in the field of HFpEF shows a substantial increase of research within the last decade, mainly in the United States, Japan, and continental Europe. As an onholding therapeutic trend in this field, we identified RAAS-blockade and 5- phosphodiesterase-inhibition.BACKGROUND To explore the TEM8 expression in patients with lung cancer and its relationship with clinical pathology and prognosis, and to analyze the diagnostic value of TEM8. METHODS A total of 204 patients with lung cancer diagnosed and treated in Zhongmeng Hospital Zhalantun and the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University from March 2013 to February 2016 were enrolled in the study group, and 203 healthy subjects in the control group. qRT-PCR technique was applied to detect the TEM8 expression. Combined with clinical information, the diagnostic value of TEM8 for lung cancer and the correlation of clinical characteristics of TEM8 were analyzed. The 3-year survival curves of patients with low and high TEM8 expressions were compared. RESULTS The expression in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p less then 0.05). When the cut-off value was 1.125, the sensitivity, specificity and AUC of TEM8 in the diagnosis of lung cancer were 50.00%, 98.00% and 0.726 respectively. The TEM8 expression also differs when in smoking, lymphatic metastasis, TNM stage, differentiation degree and pleural invasion classification (p less then 0.050). 132 patients were included in the survival group and 72 patients were included in the death group. There was a difference between the two groups in the effect of TEM8 on the prognosis (p less then 0.001). CONCLUSIONS TEM8 showed high expression in the study group. TEM8 had good diagnostic efficacy and was expected to be an excellent indicator for early clinical diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer.BACKGROUND Despite therapeutic advances, chronic heart failure (CHF)-related mortality and hospitalization is still unacceptable high. Evidence shows that muscular wasting, sarcopenia, cachexia are independent predictors of mortality and morbidity in CHF and are signs of protein metabolism disarrangement (PMD), which involve all body proteins including circulating one. We postulate that circulating human serum albumin (HAS) could be a marker of PMD and catabolic low-grade inflammation (LGI) in CHF patients. METHODS 166 stable CHF patients (73% males), with optimized therapy referred to cardiac rehabilitation, were retrospectively divided into three groups based on their HAS concentration ≥3.5 g/dl (normal value), 3.2-3.49 g/dl (low value); ≤3.19 g/dl (severe value). Hematochemical analyses (including circulating proteins and inflammatory markers) and body mass composition (by Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis) were collected and compared. Correlations and multivariate regression were performed. RESULTS Despite being overweight (BMI=27 Kg/m2), 75% of patients had reduced HSA ( less then 3.5 g/dl) with suspectable sarcopenia, and 35% of all patients had remarkably lower albumin concentrations ( less then 3.19 g/dl). Hypoalbuminemic patients were disable, older, with reduced muscular proteins, bilirubin and hemoglobin, increased extracellular water and LGI (p less then 0.01). HSA correlated with all of these parameters (all p less then 0.01). Age, LGI, BMI, free-fat Mass, and bilirubin were independent predictors of HAS concentration. All these findings were male-dependent. CONCLUSIONS HSA could be considered a simple marker of PMD and LGI in CHF patients. Evaluation of PMD and gender differences should be considered in new CHF clinical trials.in English, Spanish INTRODUCCION El tratamiento de la tiroides lingual es controvertido y debe individualizarse. Las opciones incluyen el reemplazo hormonal, cirugía en presencia de hemorragia y obstrucción de la vía aérea o digestiva, y la terapia con radioisótopos. CASO CLINICO Niña de 8 años de edad, con molestias a la deglución. Se observa masa rosada, muy vascularizada, no dolorosa ni ulcerada, que protruye desde la base de la lengua y cierra prácticamente toda la orofaringe. Ecografía informa ausencia de tejido tiroideo en su posición normal. Tomografía axial computarizada cervical comprueba el diagnóstico y la obstrucción faríngea. Se indicó tratamiento sustitutivo de las hormonas tiroideas. Ante la progresión de los síntomas de disfagia, se indicó cirugía. Se describe la exéresis tiroidea por vía cervical, suprahioidea, con reimplante de láminas de tejido tiroideo. Evolucionó sin complicaciones y se mantiene tratamiento sustitutivo, con excelente estado clínico después de cuatro años.
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