Notes

Portrayal with the spectral memory aftereffect of scattering media.
High prevalence of breastfeeding (BF)-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in nursing mothers have been reported in previous studies. Studies are scarce on the biomechanical effects of the commonly utilized BF positions.

This study evaluated the electromyographic (EMG) activities of the trunk muscles in response to three BF positions commonly utilized by mothers globally.

20 non-pregnant nulliparous females participated in this experimental study. EMG activities from erector spinae (ES) and external oblique (EO) muscles were recorded bilaterally in three BF conditions cradle (C1); cross-cradle (C2); football (FB). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics of one-way analysis of variance with alpha level set at 0.05.

The activity levels of right EO and ES muscles significantly increased during the C2 hold, while the left EO and ES muscles revealed significantly higher EMG levels in the C1 trial. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gdc-0032.html Asymmetrical activity between the right and the left parts of the EO muscle was significantly higher during the C2 hold.

These findings suggest that compared to C2 and C1 holds, FB hold may be more biomechanically efficient relative to its decreased muscular demands. The physical stresses associated with BF may be higher with the adoption of C2 and C1 holds, especially for prolonged periods.
These findings suggest that compared to C2 and C1 holds, FB hold may be more biomechanically efficient relative to its decreased muscular demands. The physical stresses associated with BF may be higher with the adoption of C2 and C1 holds, especially for prolonged periods.
Some patients with end-stage osteoarthritis of the knee remain unsatisfied after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We postulated that to increase satisfaction, self-efficacy (SE) for physical activity should receive more attention in rehabilitative intervention, alongside the management of patient expectations, pain, and function.

We examined the relative impact of Physical Activity SE on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) alongside other factors such as pain and physical function which are well-addressed by current interventions.

One hundred and six first-TKA recipients (15 Male/91 Female, age 73.6 ± 7.2) were evaluated at 3 and 6 months post-operatively using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36v2) for HRQOL, knee extension strength measurement, Timed Up and Go test (TUG), One Leg Standing time test (OLS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) for pain and function, and an instrument for measuring Physical Activity SE among the frail elderly in Japan.

Significant improvement over pre-operative values was found at 3 and 6 months in TUG, OLS, WOMAC Pain and Function, and the 8 subscales of the SF-36v2. Factors found to significantly impact SF-36v2 subscale scores at 6 months post-operatively were found to be knee pain, knee function, and SE for physical activity.

These results support our postulation that interventions to improve SE for physical activity could have comparable impact alongside interventions for knee pain and knee function, on the advancement of HRQOL among TKA recipients.
These results support our postulation that interventions to improve SE for physical activity could have comparable impact alongside interventions for knee pain and knee function, on the advancement of HRQOL among TKA recipients.
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is one of the most common methods for managing shoulder pain, and high voltage pulsed currents (HVPS) may be used for reducing pain. However, their immediate effects on resting pain and pain-free active range of shoulder motion (pfROM) in patients with subacromial pain syndrome (SAPS) have not been studied comparatively, yet.

The aim of this study was to compare the immediate effects of TENS, HVPS and placebo stimulation on shoulder resting pain and pfROM in patients with SAPS.

Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study. One hundred and six patients with SAPS received placebo (predetermined 1st day application), TENS and HVPS with 1-day interval, in a random sequence. Before and after each application, resting pain and pfROM were evaluated by 0-10 cm visual analogue scales and a digital inclinometer, respectively.

Intensity of pain decreased significantly after TENS, HVPS and placebo interventions (p< 0.05). While pfROMs increased significantly after TENS and HVPS (p< 0.05), remained unchanged after placebo, except for internal and external rotations (p> 0.05). The most obvious effects on pain and pfROMs occurred after HVPS (p< 0.05).

In patients with SAPS, both HVPS and TENS, but preferably HVPS can be used effectively to decrease pain and increase pfROM.
In patients with SAPS, both HVPS and TENS, but preferably HVPS can be used effectively to decrease pain and increase pfROM.
Subacromial pain (SAP) is a common complaint of young athletes, independently of the sport engaged. The prevalence of SAP in some sports is up to 50%.

The study was aimed to investigate some new factors possibly associated to subacromial pain in young athletes. The factors considered were the grade of tightness of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major, dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint, and serratus anterior and lower trapezius strength.

This case-control study included 82 young athletes 9-15years, 41 with the symptoms of SAP and 41 controls. All participants self-reported whether they had subacromial pain. In addition, Hawkins-Kennedy Test was performed to all the participants to evaluate the subacromial pressure. Main outcome measures were the grade of tightness of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major, dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint, and serratus anterior and lower trapezius strength. The grade of tightness of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major and theal pain in young athletes, clavicular portion of pectoralis major tightness and the dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint.
A strong association was determined between subacromial pain in young athletes, clavicular portion of pectoralis major tightness and the dysfunction of the sternoclavicular joint.
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