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Determinant regarding intention to get COVID-19 vaccine amongst school educators throughout Gondar City, Northwest Ethiopia.
PROBLEM To investigate risk factors that can help identify the possibility of pregnancy loss in threatened late miscarriage(TLM) patients with and without spontaneous uterine contractions. METHOD OF STUDY Amniotic immune biomarkers (IL2β receptor, IL6, IL8, IL10, IL1β, and TNFα) were assayed and "sludge" was assessed. Patients without intrauterine infections were treated and followed-up until delivery, and pregnancy outcomes were recorded. The two groups were compared for the differences in biomarker levels and "sludge", and the independent associations of biomarkers, "sludge", and other maternal factors with late miscarriage were investigated. RESULTS The amniotic levels of IL2βR, IL8, and TNFα were higher in the group with contractions (P less then 0.05). When considered alone, each of the six biomarkers was significantly associated with late miscarriage in the no-contractions group and four of these (IL8, IL10, IL1β, and TNFα) in the contractions group(P less then 0.05). Biomarker levels were correlated, and in multivariate Cox regression analysis, there was an independent effect only for IL8 in the no-contractions group (HR=18.16, 95%CI 5.75-57.43) and TNFα in the contractions group (HR=4.11, 95%CI 1.68-10.08). For patients with contractions, IL10, IL8, and IL1β were different in those with and without "sludge", but no such difference was seen in the no-contractions group. CONCLUSION For TLM patients without intrauterine infections, amniotic immune biomarkers differ between patients with different symptoms, not only for their levels but also for the impact of these biomarkers on the risk of late miscarriage. These findings suggest that the symptoms of TLM should be considered in the study of miscarriage risk. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.I am most grateful to Dr Stein for his thoughtful and considered response to my recent letter(1) . However, completely as he predicted, his answers only raised more questions. I was struck by the analysis of the known mortality data from COVID-19. It is interesting that for a respiratory pathogen, risk of mortality seems to be lower for those with underlying respiratory disease than with pre-existing cardiac pathology. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.PROBLEM To investigate EMT phenotype and SALL4 expression of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasm (GTN). METHOD OF STUDY CanPatrol CTC detection system in combination with SALL4 RNA in situ hybridization was used to investigate the profile of CTCs in different types of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). Circulating CTCs were phenotyped and annotated with SALL4 expression in 41 GTD patients, including 12 HM and 29 GTN, as well as 22 pregnant volunteers. RESULTS A positive correlation between the number of CTC and serum β-hCG concentration was found among the GTN patients. The number of E/M-CTC was positively correlated with serum β-hCG, while M-CTC was positively correlated with prognostic score. Comparison among malignant GTD, benign GTD and healthy pregnant women revealed a significant difference in the number of total CTC, E/M-CTC and M-CTC but not in E-CTC. ROC analysis was conducted to evaluate the performance of CTC phenotypes in distinguishing GTD patients from healthy pregnant women yielding an AUC as 0.826. Youden's index was maximal at the cutoff value of 8.5/4mL with sensitivity and specificity at 53.66% and 100%, respectively. SALL4 expression was evaluated in GTD patients with CTC count greater than cutoff value. SALL4 high expressing CTCs (> 2 signal dots) were detected in 66.67% (10/15) of malignant GTD patients but not in benign patients (0/5). CONCLUSIONS Differential expression of SALL4 was seen in CTCs derived from hydatidiform moles and GTN. CTC profiling may be developed as an adjunct marker to diagnose GTN. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.INTRODUCTION Compassionate care involves providing a welcoming environment, promoting bidirectional compassion, providing training in compassion and creating supportive organisations. To date there has not been a study evaluating Compassion interventions for the high-threat profession of mental health nursing. Neither has there been a study providing an in-depth qualitative evaluation of training and implementation. The current study aims to address these gaps in the literature. AIM The aims were to evaluate Compassionate Mind Training-CMT for mental health nurses and to assess implementation. METHOD Focus groups were conducted (N=28) one year later to evaluate CMT and implementation. RESULTS Content analysis revealed four training themes i) Useful framework; ii) Thought-provoking and exciting; iii) Appreciation of person-centred approach; iv) Need for ongoing training and supervision. Three implementation themes emerged i) Applied approach with patients and staff themselves; ii) Environmental challenges to implementation; iii) Attitudinal challenges to implementation. DISCUSSION Consistent with previous studies, professionals experienced reduced self-criticism and an increased self-compassion, which extended to increased compassion and reduced criticism of colleagues and patients; and professionals applying training directly to reduce patient self-criticism. IMPLICATIONS For successful implementation formal adoption of Compassion-approaches are needed with strategic integration at all levels. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.It is suggested that changes in echo-intensity (EI) measured through ultrasound can detect muscle swelling. However, changes in EI have never been examined relative to a non-exercise control following naïve exposure to exercise. PURPOSE Examine the changes in muscle thickness (MT), EI and isometric strength (ISO) before, immediately after, and 24, and 48 hr following biceps curls. METHODS 27 non-resistance trained individuals visited the laboratory 4 times. During visit 1, paperwork was completed and strength was measured. During visit 2 MT and ISO were measured before 4 sets of curls. Deferoxamine cell line Additional measures were taken immediately after exercise, as well as 24 and 48 hr post. Results are displayed as means (SD). RESULTS For MT there was an interaction (p less then .001). For the experimental condition, MT increased from pre [2.88(0.64)cm] to post [3.27(0.67)cm] and remained elevated 48 hr post. There were no changes for MT in the control arm. In the experimental arm EI increased from pre [22.9(9.6)AU] to post [29.
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