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Occupation and working benefits during the Coronavirus Widespread.
BACKGROUND MRI studies show that obese adults have reduced grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) tissue density as well as altered WM integrity. Bariatric surgery can lead to substantial weight loss and improvements in metabolic parameters, but it remains to be examined if it induces structural brain changes. The aim of this study was to characterize GM and WM density changes measured with MRI in a longitudinal setting following sleeve gastrectomy, and to determine whether any changes are related to inflammation and cardiometabolic blood markers. METHODS 29 participants with obesity (age 45.9 ± 7.8 years) scheduled to undergo sleeve gastrectomy were recruited. High-resolution T1-weighted anatomical images were acquired 1 month prior to as well as 4 and 12 months after surgery. GM and WM densities were quantified using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Circulating lipid profile, glucose, insulin and inflammatory markers (interleukin-6, C-reactive protein and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein) were measured atBariatric surgery-induced weight loss and improvement in metabolic alterations is associated with widespread increases in WM and GM densities. These post-operative changes overlapped with baseline brain differences between participants who were severely obese and those who were normal-weight in a separate dataset, which may suggest a recovery of WM and GM alterations after bariatric surgery. BACKGROUND Primordial odontogenic tumor (POT) is a novel entity that was described in 2014 and that is included in the group of benign mixed epithelial and mesenchymal odontogenic tumors.In recent years, several papers have added new cases with some clinical and histopathological aspects that slightly differ from those described in the original report.The aim of this systematic review is to update all available data on POT published in the literature and to identify those features of the neoplasm that require further investigation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review of literature was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus. Additional sources were also checked. Publications reporting cases with enough clinicopathological information were included, without any time or language restrictions. Histopathological or radiological studies were considered for qualitative analysis. RESULTS A total of 30 publications were included. Seventeen papers were used for quantitative analysis because, while 13 papers were used only for qualitative analysis.A total of 18 cases of POT were identified. Some clinical, radiographic, histopathological and therapeutic features were common in all reported cases, while other aspects of the neoplasm were inconsistent through published cases. This inconsistency was particularly remarkable when dealing with the histopathological features of the neoplasm. DISCUSSION Some issues about POT remain unclear and deserve to be clarified by future reports.The description of the odontogenic epithelium covering the ectomesenchyme is often contradictory, while it remains debatable whether peripheral ameloblastic epithelial islands or hard dental tissue deposition can occasionally occur within the tumor. BACKGROUND The aim of this prospective pilot study is to find answers to the following question In the treatment protocol of open membrane technique defined by Funakoshi, do the histological and biological properties of the tissue that has already covered the graft surface following the removal of the d-PTFE membrane resemble those properties of induced membrane? MATERIAL AND METHODS 4 male, white Vienna rabbits were used for experiments. Bicortical and 10mm in diameter four bone defects were created on each calvarial bone. 2 rabbits (8 defects) were accepted as group I and other 2 rabbits (8 defects) were accepted as group II. Bone cement was placed into the all-defect in group I. 8 defects were filled with Bi-Oss graft material and covered with d-PTFE membranes in group II. After 8 weeks, sacrifice of the rabbits was performed. In group I, without damaging the formed membrane around it, the bone cement was removed from the defects and the achieved membrane was sent to the pathology department. In group II, the thin film layer that formed under the d-PTFE membrane was sent for histological evaluations. Inflammation, edema, foreign body reaction, synovial-like epithelium existence, thickness, vascularisation (CD31, VEGF), fibrosis were assessed. RESULTS Inflammation, fibrosis and thickness measurements are significantly different between the groups (P less then 0,05) and for these parameters, the mean of d-PTFE group (Group II) is significantly higher than the mean of the induced-membrane group (Group I). There isn't any significant difference for other parameters. CONCLUSION The morphological characteristics of membranes of the two groups were similar. There was a cell-rich, vascularised tissue with fibrous structures; fibroblasts, myofibroblast, and collagen, orientated parallel to the cement. The nitrogen dynamics in a subsurface infiltration system (SIS) are affected by many factors, including temperature, system design, and feed water quality, which are not easily quantified. In this study, a column experiment was conducted to simulate an SIS. The HYDRUS-1D software package was used to investigate and quantify the factors that affect nitrate transport in an SIS. Three treatments were carried out based on different hydraulic conditions, including continuous wetting (CW), wetting/drying (WD), and a specific hydraulic loading rate (SH). The effects of hydraulic conditions and temperature on nitrate transformation were investigated. The model was calibrated and validated using two-year experimental data. Simulations of cumulative outflow volume and nitrate concentration fitted well with the observations. Among the three SISs, the denitrification rate was greatest under unsaturated conditions at high water temperature. The denitrification rate constant had an exponential relationship with temperature. An empirical formula describing this relationship was developed and validated in the SIS. The results showed that the SH column attained the greatest nitrate removal efficiency, mainly due to its low hydraulic loading and long retention time. Overall, the results showed that HYDRUS-1D adequately simulated nitrate transport through the soil column under different temperature and hydraulic conditions in an SIS. MLN8237 mouse The fate of nitrate was directly controlled by the water temperature and hydraulic conditions.
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