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This work provides a comprehensive understanding of phonon behaviors to tune the thermal conductivity of PbTe and PbSe by hydrostatic pressure.Doping is an effective method for controlling the electrical properties and work function of graphene which can improve the power conversion efficiency of graphene-based Schottky junction solar cells (SJSCs). However, in previous approaches, the stability of chemical doping decreased over time due to the decomposition of dopants on the surface of graphene under ambient conditions. Here, we report an efficient and strong p-doping by simple sandwich doping on both the top and bottom surfaces of graphene. We confirmed that the work function of sandwich-doped graphene increased by 0.61 eV and its sheet resistance decreased by 305.8 Ω/sq, compared to those of the pristine graphene. Therefore, the graphene-silicon SJSCs that used sandwich-doped graphene had a power conversion efficiency of 10.02%, which was 334% higher than that (2.998%) of SJSCs that used pristine graphene. The sandwich-doped graphene-based silicon SJSCs had excellent long-term stability over 45 days without additional encapsulation.In this paper, a green synthesis method for ZSM-5 zeolite is explored to reduce the synthesis cost, environmental hazard, and reaction temperatures. For the ZSM-5 samples prepared at low temperatures, the influence of factors such as the hydrothermal temperature, crystallization time, and the number of seeds is systematically investigated. The adsorption isotherm of CO2 is used for fitting analysis of adsorption models and determination of the adsorption selectivity. The results show that the best one among the three samples presents the highest CO2 adsorption capacity of 2.39 mmol/g at 273 K and 15 bar. It is prepared with a hydrothermal temperature of 393 K, crystallization time of 7 days, and a seed crystal of 1 wt %. The dual-site Langmuir model can well describe the experimental data, indicating that double adsorption sites rather than the simple single-layer adsorption are dominant in samples. As the pressure increases, the adsorption capacity calculated by the model is much lower than the actual value with a deviation index of 12.5%. At a pressure of 1 bar, the optimal selectivity is attained with sample L-20, viz., CO2/N2 of 34.3 and CO2/O2 of 70.2. The green synthesis method reported in this research can be used to successfully prepare ZSM-5 zeolite, and it shows excellent CO2 adsorption performance. In addition, the use of low-cost raw materials and template-free synthesis methods will facilitate the large-scale application of green synthesis processes in the future.Hot-air coupled microwave was employed to dry lotus root slices. The effects of lotus root slice thickness (5, 8, 11, 14, and 17 mm), hot-air velocity (1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 m/s), hot-air temperature (50, 55, 60, 65, and 70 °C), and microwave power density (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 W/g) on drying characteristics and kinetics were studied. Results indicated that the drying process involved both the accelerating and decelerating periods but no constant rate period. PP2 nmr The drying rate reached the maximum of 1.52 kg/kg when microwave power density was 8 W/g and reached the minimum of 0.02 kg/kg at the last stage of drying. In addition, the drying kinetics of lotus root slices were also investigated using eleven previously reported models. Among the models, the Verma et al. model was the most suitable for description of the drying behaviors of lotus root slices based on R2, root-mean-square error, and chi-square. The moisture transfer from lotus root slices can be effectively described by Fick's diffusion model. Regardless of drying conditions, the effective diffusivity coefficients ranged from 8.23 × 10-7 to 7.08 × 10-6 m2/s, and their variations were mostly in agreement with those of moisture ratios. The activation energy of moisture diffusion related to lotus root slices was determined to be 13.754 kJ/mol.Wood is a natural renewable material with a porous structure widely used in construction, furniture, and interior decoration, yet its intrinsic flammability poses safety risks. Therefore, environmentally friendly flame retardants have received increasing attention. In this study, a water-soluble flame retardant, consisting of bio-resourced phytic acid (PA), hydrolyzed collagen (HC), and glycerol (GL), was used to improve the flame retardancy of wood ("PHG/wood") through full cell vacuum-pressure impregnation. Morphology and Fourier transform infrared analysis results show that the flame retardant impregnated the wood and adhered evenly to the wood vessels. A PA/HC/GL ratio of 311 (concentration of the flame retardant solution = 30%) maximized the limiting oxygen index (LOI, 41%) and weight gain (51.32%) for PHG-C30/wood. The flame retardant formed an expansive layer after heating, and the treated wood showed an improved combustion safety performance such that the fire performance index and residue of PHG-C30/wood were 75 and 126.8% higher compared with that of untreated wood, respectively. The peak and total heat release were also significantly reduced by 54.7 and 47.7%, respectively. The PHG/wood exhibited good carbon-forming performance and a high degree of graphitization after combustion. The dense carbon layer provides condensed phase protective action, and non-combustible volatile gases, such as H2O, CO2, and NH3, are released simultaneously to dilute the fuel load in the gas phase. Thus, PHG is shown to be an effective flame retardant for wood.Novel types of vertical filament mesh (VFM) fog harvesters, 3D VFM fog harvesters, and multilayer 3D VFM fog harvesters were developed by mimicking the water-harvesting nature of desert beetles and the spider silks from fog. Four different types of polymer filaments with different hydrophilic-hydrophobic properties were used. The polymer filaments were modified with the polyurethane-sodium alginate (PU-SA) mixture solution, and a simple spraying method was used to form alternating 3D PU-SA microbumps. Polymer VFMs exhibited a higher fog-harvesting efficiency than the vertical metal meshes. Moreover, the hydrophobic VFM was more efficient in fog harvesting than the hydrophilic VFM. Notably, the fog-harvesting efficiency of all VFMs increased by 30-80% after spraying with the mixed PU-SA solution to form a 3D geometric surface structure (3D PU-SA microbumps), which mimicked the desert beetle back surface. This modification caused the fog-harvesting efficiency of PTFE 3D VFM to be thrice higher than that of Fe VFM.
My Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pp2.html
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