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Simulation studies show that the derived formulas provide accurate estimates for the required sample size across different settings. As illustration, real data from two clinical studies of hepatic and cardiovascular diseases are used as pilot data to calculate sample sizes for future trials.
This study aimed to explore the frequency of both serious and minor cyberloafing behaviours of nurses and the factors which affect these behaviours.

Cyberloafing is using the internet or an internet connected device at work for personal use. Cyberloafing is a behaviour that negatively affects the personal performance of healthcare staff.

A total of 375 nurses in three large hospitals in Eastern Turkey participated in this descriptive research. A personal information form and the Cyberloafing Scale were used to collect the data.

The data analyses showed moderate levels of minor cyberloafing scores and low levels of serious cyberloafing scores. The more serious level of cyberloafing behaviour was found among nurses who had social networking accounts and spent more than four hours on the internet each day. Minor cyberloafing behaviours occurred more frequently than the serious level.

The frequency of cyberloafing behaviours is influenced by time spent on the internet, having social networking accounts, age, marital status, education and professional experience.

The findings support the development of policies that are designed to have nurses focus on patient care during work hours; use their working hours more effectively; and prevent cyberloafing.
The findings support the development of policies that are designed to have nurses focus on patient care during work hours; use their working hours more effectively; and prevent cyberloafing.
This discussion article considers how an emotion-focused approach can be adopted to prevent psychological birth trauma and to optimize perinatal wellbeing for women and their families.

Emotion-focused approaches have a different perspective when compared to other classic psychotherapy methods. This approach may help women to resolve the negative impacts of psychological birth trauma; to prevent posttraumatic stress disorder onset; to lead to better results for mother and baby well-being; and may be cost effective.

Mental health nurses/midwives should receive education about emotion-focused approaches in addition to gaining competence in basic counseling skills so that they can utilize these approaches with women.
Mental health nurses/midwives should receive education about emotion-focused approaches in addition to gaining competence in basic counseling skills so that they can utilize these approaches with women.Parent-child incest is a traumatic event that causes long-term psychological consequences for victims. Although paternal incest is the most common form, it is known that mothers can also sexually abuse their children. Mother-daughter incest is a type of abuse that is thought to be rare. This article discusses a case of a mother who abused one of her 4-year-old twin daughters for masturbation and used them in a sexual fantasy with her partner. She was sent to the forensic psychiatric observation unit by the court to determine her criminal responsibility. In the literature on mother-daughter incest, the abuser's childhood traumas, early marriage, low self-esteem, and sense of worthlessness are frequently seen. Our case, who did not have a history of psychiatric illness, was referred to us with suspicion of mental illness simply because she abused her daughters. Researchers have found out that in most cases, contrary to common expectations, mothers did not have a severe mental illness. A gender-based approach to incest cases may contribute to the cycle of the abuse continue, and it makes it difficult for victims to speak up and seek help. More studies focused on perpetrators will expand our perception of mother-daughter incest.The use of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors has dramatically improved outcomes for patients with metastatic, hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer. Because of the continued high rate of relapse in patients with node-positive, HR-positive disease, evaluating these agents in the adjuvant setting is the logical next step. Three adjuvant CDK inhibitor trials have been reported to date, with only 1 of them showing a statistical advantage for the CDK inhibitor in comparison with endocrine therapy alone. These trials have key similarities and differences that could explain the disparate results. DX3-213B mw The one positive trial has a relatively short follow-up, and continued analysis is critical to confirm the benefit of adjuvant CDK inhibition in this setting. It is imperative that predictive biomarkers be determined so that these agents can be used in the patients most likely to benefit and thus the additional toxicity and expense can be avoided in those who do not require these agents. LAY SUMMARY There is a critical need for new agents to prevent relapse in patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Trials to date evaluating cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, which decrease how quickly cancer cells multiply, have shown mixed results, with only 1 trial demonstrating that these agents decrease recurrence.
The present study aimed to determine the sensory adaptation characteristics of hair cell ribbon synapses in vivo. Hair cells of the zebrafish lateral line transmit hydrodynamic stimuli to the posterior lateral line ganglion afferent neurons. Excitatory hair bundle deflections by water-jet stimuli cause glutamate release at hair cell synapses with a rapid (phasic) and a sustained component, which are likely linked to the exocytosis of distinct vesicle pools. The glutamate-induced increase in afferent neuron firing rate adapts over time, which is mirrored by the depression of neurotransmitter release, without preventing phase-locking. Adaptation also occurs during inhibitory hair bundle displacements, highlighting a shift in the sensitivity range of the lateral line during prolonged stimulation. Postsynaptic mechanisms exert some degree of regulation on the afferent firing adaptation. We conclude that vesicle depletion is the primary determinant of firing rate adaptation, allowing lateral line hair cell ribbon synapses to maintain sensitivity to sustained stimuli.
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