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Solution albumin ranges as well as infection.
To evaluate the effect of packed red blood cells (pRBCs), fresh frozen plasma (FFP), and platelet concentrate (PC) transfusions on acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with acute Stanford type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) with total arch replacement (TAR).

From December 2015 to October 2017, 421 consecutive patients with ATAAD undergoing TAR were included in the study. The clinical data of the patients and the amount of pRBCs, FFP, and PC were collected. Acute kidney injury was defined using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. Logistic regression was used to identify whether pRBCs, FFP, and platelet transfusions were risk factors for KDIGO AKI, stage 3 AKI, and AKI requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT).

The mean ± standard deviation age of the patients was 47.67±10.82 years; 77.7% were men; and the median time from aortic dissection onset to operation was 1 day (range, 0-2 days). The median transfusion amount was 8 units (range, 4-14 units) for pRBCs, 400 mL (range, 0-800 /minute (OR, 3.34; p<0.001) were independent risk factors.

Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes-defined stage AKI was common after TAR for ATAAD. Transfusions of pRBCs and PC increased the incidence of AKI, stage 3 AKI, and RRT. Fresh frozen plasma transfusion was not a risk factor for AKI.
Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes-defined stage AKI was common after TAR for ATAAD. Transfusions of pRBCs and PC increased the incidence of AKI, stage 3 AKI, and RRT. Fresh frozen plasma transfusion was not a risk factor for AKI.
Patients with chronic pain and/or spasticity who have an intrathecal targeted drug delivery (TDD) pump require frequent needle access procedures to refill the pump's medication reservoir. Some patients find the access procedure painful and/or anxiety provoking. The purpose of this study was to determine if a nursing intervention of providing a distraction with a music relaxation video during the pump access procedure would reduce patients' pain and state anxiety.

In this longitudinal, pre-test post-test, quasi-experimental design, patients watched a 13-minute calming music video while the nurse performed the needle access procedure. Data collection instruments included a combination of researcher-developed questionnaires, the Defense & Veterans Pain Rating Scale (DVPRS), and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Pain and anxiety were measured pre- and post-pump refill procedures at baseline with no intervention (T1) and at two subsequent pump refills with the music video intervention (T2 and T3).
refill procedures; it was most effective in initially reducing participants' state anxiety at the initial intervention visit; however, it did not demonstrate a progressively sustained effect. Participants' opinions about the music video experience were positive.
The music video was effective in producing a sustained reduction over time of participants' pain during the pump refill procedures; it was most effective in initially reducing participants' state anxiety at the initial intervention visit; however, it did not demonstrate a progressively sustained effect. Participants' opinions about the music video experience were positive.Culture-independent study of the lower respiratory tract after lung transplantation has enabled an understanding of the microbiome - that is, the collection of bacteria, fungi, and viruses, and their respective gene complement - in this niche. The lung has unique features as a microbial environment, with balanced entry from the upper respiratory tract, clearance, and local replication. There are many pressures impacting the microbiome after transplantation, including donor allograft factors, recipient host factors such as underlying disease and ongoing exposure to the microbe-rich upper respiratory tract, and transplantation-related immunosuppression, antimicrobials, and postsurgical changes. To date, we understand that the lung microbiome after transplant is dysbiotic; that is, it has higher biomass and altered composition compared to a healthy lung. Emerging data suggest that specific microbiome features may be linked to host responses, both immune and non-immune, and clinical outcomes such as chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), but many questions remain. The goal of this review is to put into context our burgeoning understanding of the lung microbiome in the postlung transplant patient, the interactions between microbiome and host, the role the microbiome may play in post-transplant complications, and critical outstanding research questions.The immunogenicity of the novel mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in immunocompromised lung transplant recipients is still unknown. We compared the antibody response after the first and second doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) with the response after natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in lung transplant recipients. None of the vaccinees tested after two doses of the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine developed anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, while 85% patients presented an antibody response after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The absence of antibody response to vaccination led us to investigate the cellular response in a subset of patients. We detected SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells in 4 out of 12 tested patients. Some patients therefore might have clinical benefit from the vaccine despite an absent antibody response. These results contrast with the excellent antibody response in immunocompetent individuals observed in mRNA BNT162b2 trials and indicate an urgent need to identify the best vaccine type and scheme for immunocompromised transplanted patients.
Cochlear implants (CIs) provide access to the auditory world for deaf individuals. We investigated whether CIs enforce attentional alterations of auditory cortical processing in post-lingually deafened CI users compared to normal-hearing (NH) controls.

Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded in 40 post-lingually deafened CI users and in a group of 40 NH controls using an auditory three-stimulus oddball task, which included frequent standard tones (Standards) and infrequent deviant tones (Targets), as well as infrequently occurring unique sounds (Novels). Participants were exposed twice to the three-stimulus oddball task, once under the instruction to ignore the stimuli (ignore condition), and once under the instruction to respond to infrequently occurring deviant tones (attend condition).

The allocation of attention to auditory oddball stimuli exerted stronger effects on N1 amplitudes at posterior electrodes in response to Standards and to Targets in CI users than in NH controls. Androgen Receptor phosphorylation Other ERP amplitudes showed similar attentional modulations in both groups (P2 in response to Standards, N2 in response to Targets and Novels, P3 in response to Targets).
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