Notes

[Possible systems associated with reduced post-vaccination defense reply inside obesity].
ead of blanket approaches, should be designed to mitigate and eliminate childhood undernutrition in Ngorongoro.
household and individual characteristics of the children and mother/caregiver are important predictors of undernutrition in this community. Tailored interventions, instead of blanket approaches, should be designed to mitigate and eliminate childhood undernutrition in Ngorongoro.
the purpose of this study was to describe the profile of serum lipases in patients with bone fractures and to investigate the associated factors.

we conducted a cross-sectional study at the Kokolo Military General Hospital in Camp Kokolo (KMGHICK) from July to October 2013. All patients admitted with bone fractures who had agreed to take part in the study were included. The control group included voluntary blood donors. The parameters of interest were demographic characteristics, serum lipase, lipidogram, the site and the number of fractures.

eighty-three patients were included in the study, they were all male subjects. Mean age of patients was 35.8±12.8 years; 78.3% of fractures were due to gunshot-related trauma. Femur was the most common seat of fractures (30%), followed by forearm (20%) and ulna (15%). Mean serum lipase concentration was 43.6 ± 2.9 IU/L (normal value ≤38IU/L) in patients with fractures compared with 30.3 ± 2.3 IU/L in the control group (p<0.0001).

a significantly higher rate of hyperlipasemia was found in patients with bone fractures compared with the control group. Hyperlipasemia was not associated with clinicobiological fatty embolism syndrome.
a significantly higher rate of hyperlipasemia was found in patients with bone fractures compared with the control group. Hyperlipasemia was not associated with clinicobiological fatty embolism syndrome.
inspite of the demonstrable evidence of the preventive and protective ability of vaccines to reduce the outbreak of vaccine-preventable diseases, there are still some significant disease outbreaks recorded in our communities. In some settings, these outbreaks have been linked with poor vaccine management. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare the cold chain practices in Oyo State, Nigeria.

we conducted a cross-sectional survey among health workers in the local government areas of Oyo State between October and November 2019. Using purposive sampling, we recruited all the 84 routine immunization focal persons for the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on cold chain management. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 and bivariate analysis was done using Chi-square. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

the mean age of the respondents was 46.4 ± 6.7 years. Most prevalent cadre in the rural facilities was health assistants (87.5%) while Community Extension Health Workers (54.8%) were prevalent in the urban (p = 0.002). The proportion of respondents with adequate cold chain equipment was significantly higher in the urban compared with the rural area. The cold boxes were the only adequate cold chain equipment found in the rural health facilities compared with the urban (p = 0.036).

there was a low proportion of qualified health workers and inadequate cold chain equipment in the rural area compared with the urban facilities. Engagement of skilled health workers and supply of the cold chain equipment are recommended.
there was a low proportion of qualified health workers and inadequate cold chain equipment in the rural area compared with the urban facilities. Engagement of skilled health workers and supply of the cold chain equipment are recommended.
in Kenya, about 1.5 million people are living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Antiretroviral therapy aids in viral suppression. However, drug-resistance threaten the gains of the HIV infection control program. To determine the prevalence of HIV-1 drug-resistant mutations among adults on ARV therapy attending Khunyangu sub-county hospital in Busia County, Kenya, 50 blood samples were analyzed.

the samples were collected from November 2019 to January 2020 and tested for HIV-1 viral load. HIV-1 drug-resistance was analyzed through the sequencing of the HIV-1 pol gene. Generated sequences were aligned using RECall (beta v3.05) software. HIV-1 drug-resistance was determined using the Stanford University HIV database.

females were 34 and males 16. The general prevalence of HIV-1 drug-resistance was 68%. selleck inhibitor Out of 34 participants on first-line drugs, 59.9% had mutations against these drugs and 5.9% against the second-line drugs. Out of 16 participants on second-line drugs, 43.8% had mutations against these drugs and 50% against the first-line drugs. The prevalence of mutations encoding resistance to Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) were 23(46%); Non-nucleotide Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), 29(58%) and protease inhibitors (PIs), 7(14%). Dual and multi-class HIV-1 drug-resistance prevalence was as follows NRTIs + NNRTIs 16(32%); NRTIs + NNRTs + PIs 4(8%); NRTIs + PIs 1(2%). A total of 126 mutations were identified. Predominant NNRTIs mutations were K103N (15), Y181C (9), G190A (7), and H221Y (6) NRTIs, M184V (17), Y115F (5) and PIs, I54V (4).

the study demonstrates a high prevalence of HIV-1 drug-resistance which calls for intervention for the strengthening of health programs.
the study demonstrates a high prevalence of HIV-1 drug-resistance which calls for intervention for the strengthening of health programs.Tennis-leg is a partial or total disinsertion of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle from its musculoskeletal junction. Patients receiving adequate treatment generally have favorable outcome. Tennis leg is rarely associated with major complications such as acute compartment syndrome. We report the case of a judo athlete with disinsertion of the right medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle complicated by acute compartment syndrome. Emergency aponeurotomy was required.Trisomy 18 is a chromosomal disease, caused by the presence of a supernumerary chromosome 18. Mortality among infants with trisomy 18 is high, secondary to lethal malformations associated with this syndrome. The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical and cytogenetic features of these patients, as well as the role of genetic counselling. We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study over a 5-year period, from July 2015 to April 2019. The study involved, patients followed up in the Department of Medical Genetics at the University Hospital Center Ibn Rochd of Casablanca, having abnormalities suggestive of trisomy 18, then confirmed by cytogenetic study. The study enrolled 5 patients, 3 girls and 2 boys (female predominance; sex-ratio = 0,67) with clinically suspected Edward's syndrome, then confirmed by cytogenetic study. The mean age at diagnosis was 37.40 ± 23.98 days (9 days-2 months). Trisomy 18 was clinically suspected in two cases based on facial dysmorphism and malformative syndrome, a recoone in 10 newborns reach the first year of life.
survival of HIV-infected children is a challenge in developing countries. In Cameroon, HIV-related mortality among children under the age of 15 in 2018 was 20%. Paradoxically, the Southern Cameroon region, despite high seroprevalence among children (4.1%) and low antiretroviral therapy coverage (around 64%), is not among the regions of Cameroon most affected by HIV/AIDS-related pediatric mortality. The purpose of this study was to calculate survival rate and to identify its determinants in HIV-infected children aged 6 months-15 years.

we conducted a retrospective, prospective cohort study data-collection in three health care facilities specialized in treating HIV-positive children in Ebolowa, South Cameroon from January 2008 to December 2018. The study was conducted in two phases, a retrospective collection phase for the selection of medical records of HIV-positive children that met inclusion criteria in consultation registries and a prospective collection phase in which we collected information from pareclinical monitoring is needed to improve the survival of HIV-infected children.
in addition to early antiretroviral therapy, good clinical and paraclinical monitoring is needed to improve the survival of HIV-infected children.Squamous cell carcinoma associated with chronic osteomyelitis is rare. However, it must be suspected in patients with modification of common local symptoms. Delayed diagnosis can be fatal. Repeated biopsies can greatly help physicians who treat patients. We report the case of a 47-year-old patient diagnosed with carcinomatous degeneration associated with chronic osteomyelitis fistulized to the skin. Amputation was performed.This study reports a case of gouty arthritis in the hip joint in a 57-year-old woman with diabetes and hypertension, with no history of gout, presenting with chronic pain in the right hip. Clinical examination showed obese patient, having painful right limping with lateral hip flexion during walking. Standard radiography objectified osteocondensing formations at the level of the anterior femoral neck. Laboratory tests showed inflammatory syndrome with normal uric acid concentration. Computerised tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested chondromatosis of the hip. The patient underwent surgical treatment based on complete excision of the friable formation and hip arthrolysis. Bacteria were not isolated during the anatomopathological study which showed gout affecting the hip. The patient received medical treatment based on Colchicine. The patient had complete recovery of flexion, disappearance of limping and satisfactory improvement in hip pain.Among non-iatrogenic neuromuscular disorders, myasthenia gravis remains the most prevalent. Diagnosing this disorder may become challenging in certain cases such as in patients with coexisting comorbid illnesses and non-specific clinical symptoms. This is a case of atypical myasthenia gravis in a middle-aged hypertensive male, who initially presented symptoms suggestive of an acute ischemic stroke. Upon later investigation, prompted by persistent symptoms, the patient was found to have AchR antibodies and had the rare finding of a fissured and atrophied tongue (reversible on treatment). It is a well-known fact that brainstem strokes can present with bulbar weakness resulting in aspiration pneumonitis, as was with the clinical presentation in the below mentioned report. Due to the initial misdiagnosis, he had received medical therapy aimed towards stroke management and prevention. Further investigation leading to a definitive diagnosis, was followed by medical therapy with neostigmine, pyridostigmine and oral prednisolone, leading to significant improvement in symptoms. Hence as a mandatory measure, while dealing with a case of a new onset of weakness, especially in cranial musculature, myasthenia gravis must not be excluded from the list of differential diagnosis. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a potential "stroke mimic" especially in the elderly. However, due to recent change in trends of stroke statistics, this disease should be considered a possibility even in younger patients.
myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare disease affecting the neuromuscular junction. It can lead to a life-threatening condition, especially when it is associated with respiratory failure. Full remission is possible with treatment. Our aims are to describe the clinical course of patients with MG with under treatment, in order to further improve management and to implement a database of patients living in Madagascar.

we conducted a descriptive retrospective study in the Department of Neurology at the Befelatanana Antananarivo University Hospital Center between January 2010 and December 2017. This study involved all patients diagnosed with MG based on positive prostigmin test.

among the 5814 hospitalized patients, 25 (0,42%) were included. Only 16 patients were on follow-up (64%) of whom 14 were receiving medical treatment. Three of them had undergone thymectomy. The mean follow-up period was 24 months. Among treated patients, 8 improved and 2 died. Among thymectomized patients, 2 improved and 1 died.

myasthenia gravis is a rare but serious disease.
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