Notes

The world's any petrol: vividness should not be used for health professional prescribed associated with long-term oxygen therapy.
Moreover, the fast-cellular entry of the probe enabled detection of nucleolar G4 structures in living cells. Finally, insights gained from the structure-activity relationships of the probe suggest the basis for the recognition of parallel G4s, opening up new avenues for the design of new biocompatible G4-specific small molecules for G4-driven theranostic applications.
Pelvic floor disorders (PFDs), which include urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, sexual dysfunction and gastrointestinal disorders, affect over 20% of the adult population. Prevalence may also be underestimated, since a certain portion of patients may be reluctant to talk to physicians about PFDs due to embarassment. Consequently, there is a need for self-assessed diagnostic tools with the capability to screen population and collect clinical information. Symptom and quality of life (QoL) questionnaires - also identified as patient-reported outcomes (PROs) - have been developed with this purpose. Despite the large number of questionnaires available for the assessment of PFDs and QoL-related issues in the English language, few of them have been validated for the Italian language. The objective of this article is to update the list of Italian-validated PROs for PFDs along with practical information concerning literature references and suggestions on how to obtain every single questionnaire.

PubMed/MEDLINE databases and websites were used to update the list of available Italian-validated questionnaires about PFDs. Once identified, the possibility to get a copy of the questionnaire was verified and steps to obtain it are reported in the tables.

eight additional questionnaires validated into the Italian language, for diagnosis and overall management of common urinary, vaginal, sexual and bowel conditions, were retrieved. The complete list of PFDs PROS is reported in a modular format for consultation.

This format is intended to serve as a tool to promote appropriateness in PROs adoption while investigating PFDs in Italian patients.
This format is intended to serve as a tool to promote appropriateness in PROs adoption while investigating PFDs in Italian patients.Standards and models of reference for osteoporosis (OP) have been developed for female individuals as they are more likely to be affected by the disease. Nonetheless, OP is also responsible for one-third of hip fractures in male individuals suggesting that a sexblinded approach to OP may lead to miss opportunities for equity in bone health. OPrelated fractures, especially hip fractures, are a matter of immediate concern as they are associated with limited mobility, chronic disability, loss of independence, and reduced quality of life in both sexes. When it comes to sociocultural gender, the effect of gender domains (i.e., identity, roles, relations, and institutionalized gender) on development and management of OP is largely overlooked despite risk factors or protective conditions are gendered. Clinical trials testing the efficacy and safety of anti-OP drugs as well as non-pharmacological interventions have been conducted mainly in female participants, limiting the generalizability of the findings. The present narrative review deals with the sex and gender-based challenges and drawbacks in OP knowledge and translation to clinical practice, also considering the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
the occurrence of PAS has been recently associated with the presence of twin pregnancy. Aim of this review is to report the risk factors, histopathological correlation, diagnostic accuracy of prenatal ultrasound and clinical outcome of twin pregnancies complicated by placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders.

Pubmed, Embase, Cinahl, Clinical Trial.Gov and Google Scholar databases were searched. Inclusion criteria were studies on twin pregnancies complicated by PAS. The outcomes explored were risk factors for PAS (including placenta previa, prior uterine surgery or assisted reproductive technology, ART), histopathology (placenta accreta and increta/percreta), detection rate of prenatal ultrasound and clinical outcome, including need for blood transfusion, hysterectomy, emergency or scheduled cesarean delivery (CD), and maternal death. Random effect meta-analyses of proportions were sued to combine the data.

Two studies considering 103 pregnancies were included in this systematic review 41.86% (95% CI 27.ally, about 30% of women with a twin pregnancy complicated by PAS required blood transfusion and hysterectomy.
There is still limited evidence on the clinical course of PAS disorders in twin pregnancies. Placenta previa, prior uterine surgery (mainly CD), and ART are the most commonly risk factors for PAS disorders in twins. Prenatal diagnosis of PAS in twins is lower compared to what reported in singleton. Finally, about 30% of women with a twin pregnancy complicated by PAS required blood transfusion and hysterectomy.In the last years technologies, have been developed that allow obtaining genetic information in less time and at lower cost, revolutionizing the genetic diagnosis in reproductive medicine, with availability of genetic tests from conception. High throughput sequencing analyzes have increased the ability to detect embryos with genetic diseases, which has contributed to the better selection of embryos for in vitro fertilization and, therefore, better reproductive outcomes. The preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) includes three sub-categories of PGT for aneuploidies (PGTA), PGT for single gene / monogenic disorders (PGT-M), and PGT for chromosome structural rearrangements (PGT-SR). This review provides an overview of the evolution of preimplantation genetic testing, the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies and their applicability in reproductive medicine as well as a description the legislation and bioethics aspects. Advances in preimplantation genetic testing are changing clinical practice, pose new challenges for genetic counseling and alternative plausible to substantially reduce the risk of an adverse reproductive outcome related to the transfer of abnormal embryos. Despite the overall important implantation rates achieved following transfer of euploid embryos, PGT-A did not improve overall pregnancy outcomes in all women. There is a definite need for studies to identify the causes of why not all euploid embryos implant. Also, debate continues regarding the accuracy and the safety of this approach and the currently available evidence is insufficient to support PGT-A in routine clinical practice. check details The general recommendation is that PGT-A, PGT-M and PGT-SR should be guided according to the antecedents of the couples.
The American Geriatrics Society recommends a minimum daily supplement of 1,000 IU and underlines that a dosage lower than 600 IU do not prevent falls in elderly people.

Review author searched on PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus database (last search May 30, 2021), with the MeSH terms and keywords of vitamin D, (25(OH)D), elderly and obesity. This review article aims to support the rationale on the correct vitamin D supplementation in elderly people with obesity and overweight.

10 studies were found suitable for consideration in writing this comprehensive evidence-based rapid review. The supplementation of vitamin D included 1500 elderly subjects with Body Mass Index (BMI) over 25 kg/m2. This article shows that the daily vitamin D supplementation from 2000 to 4000 UI is highly recommended in elderly people with obesity because 1) sequestration of vitamin D by the adipose tissue 2) increased catabolism of vita-in D in the adipose tissue 3) decreased synthesis of serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in the liver 4) reduced sun-exposure. 5) Dosages equal at 1000 UI or lower do not show and important effect on vitamin d deficiency and related comorbidities in elderly people with obesity.

Gender, baseline levels of serum (25(OH)D) concentration, ethnicity and severity of BMI should be accounted for the correct supplementation of vitamin D in elderly population for the precision medicine goal.
Gender, baseline levels of serum (25(OH)D) concentration, ethnicity and severity of BMI should be accounted for the correct supplementation of vitamin D in elderly population for the precision medicine goal.
Male infertility is caused by genetic anomalies in 15%-30% of cases. This study aimed to determine stereological properties of seminiferous tubules in infertile men with genetic anomalies, including Klinefelter syndrome (KS), Y chromosome microdeletions (MYC) and CFTR gene mutations (CFTR), and to compare them to seminiferous tubules of men with obstructive azoospermia of non-genetic origin (control group).

The study was conducted on 28 human testis biopsy specimens obtained from 14 patients with MYC, 18 samples from 9 patients with KS, and 6 samples from 3 patients with CFTR. Whenever possible, a bilateral biopsy was included in the study. The control group had 33 samples from 18 patients (3 of them with a solitary testis). Qualitative and quantitative (stereological) analysis of seminiferous tubules (including the status of spermatogenesis, volume, surface area, length and number of tubules) were performed in all groups.

Qualitative histological analysis revealed significant impairment of spermatogenesis in KS and MYC, whereas testicular parenchyma was fully maintained in CFTR and control groups. Spermatogenesis was most seriously impaired in KS. All stereological parameters were significantly lower in KS and MYC, compared to the CFTR and control groups. The total volume, surface and length of seminiferous tubules were significantly lower in KS compared with MYC.

Stereological analysis is valuable in evaluating male infertility, whereas qualitative histological analysis can be helpful in assessing sperm presence in testicular tissue of patients with KS or MYK undergoing TESE.
Stereological analysis is valuable in evaluating male infertility, whereas qualitative histological analysis can be helpful in assessing sperm presence in testicular tissue of patients with KS or MYK undergoing TESE.
The 10,600-nm ablative fractional laser (AFL) is widely used for treating facial atrophic acne scars but with evident side effects. By contrast, the common ErGlass non-AFL (NAFL) is safer but lacks of comparable outcomes. A novel 1,565 nm ErGlass NAFL improves thermal energy delivery and could yield better outcomes.

We aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety between the 1,565-nm NAFL and 10,600-nm AFL in treating mild-to-moderate facial atrophic acne scars.

Nineteen patients with mild-to-moderate bilateral facial atrophic acne scars were enrolled in a randomized split-face trial, which involved 3-session procedures for each laser. The effectiveness and safety were evaluated by doctors and patients who were blinded to the treatment assignment.

Both lasers improved the acne scar profiles comparably. A marked reduction in erythema, crusting durations, and degree of pain were noted on the sides treated with the 1,565-nm NAFL, relative to those treated with the 10,600-nm AFL.

Both 1,565 nm-NAFL and 10,600-nm AFL can improve mild-to-moderate acne scars. Patients should never expect complete resolution. The 1,565-nm NAFL has less side effects.
Both 1,565 nm-NAFL and 10,600-nm AFL can improve mild-to-moderate acne scars. Patients should never expect complete resolution. The 1,565-nm NAFL has less side effects.
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