Notes

Visible-Light-Induced Trifluoromethylation regarding Allylic Alcohols.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) developed in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) individuals presents substantial clinical and biological characteristics, which remain to be elucidated. Its occurrence in noncirrhotic patients raises issues regarding surveillance strategies, which cannot be considered as cost-effective given the high prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome, and furthermore delineates specific oncogenic process that could be targeted in the setting of primary or secondary prevention. In this context, the identification of a genetic heterogeneity modulating HCC risk as well as specific biological pathways have been made possible through genome-wide association studies, development of animal models and in-depth analyses of human samples at the pathological and genomic levels. These advances must be confirmed and pursued to pave the way for personalized management of NAFLD-related HCC.Intradural disc herniation is a rare entity reported at 0.04-1.1% that occurs most commonly in the lumbar spine particularly at L4-L5 region. There is a paucity of literature due to the rarity of this condition. Intradural disc herniations must be considered in the differential diagnosis of prolapsed intervertebral disc disease especially with recent worsening of symptoms and mismatch of unenhanced magnetic resonance induction (MRI) findings. The confirmation is made with intraoperative findings. An intradural disc herniation is most often diagnosed intraoperatively. Contrast enhanced MRI scan is mandatory for pre-operative diagnosis. We report on two cases presenting to our unit in the form of recurrent intradural disc disease following previous lumbar surgery occurring within 3 months of the index procedure in both cases.
Whilst there is literature on the impact of SARS viruses in the severely immunosuppressed, less is known about the link between routine immunosuppressant use and outcome in COVID-19. Consequently, guidelines on their use vary depending on specific patient populations.

The study population was drawn from the COPE Study (COVID-19 in Older People), a multicentre observational cohort study, across the UK and Italy. Data were collected between 27 February and 28 April 2020 by trained data-collectors and included all unselected consecutive admissions with COVID-19. Load (name/number of medications) and dosage of immunosuppressant were collected along with other covariate data. Primary outcome was time-to-mortality from the date of admission (or) date of diagnosis, if diagnosis was five or more days after admission. Secondary outcomes were Day-14 mortality and time-to-discharge. Data were analysed with mixed-effects, Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression models using non-users of immunosuppressants asdhere to social distancing measures, and seek medical attention early during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Few observational studies have shown a beneficial effect of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), although results are not consistent. The present systematic review and meta-analysis was undertaken to provide a precise summary of the effect of DPP4i use (preadmission or in-hospital) and mortality in COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).

PubMed and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched using appropriate keywords to 4 January 2021, to identify observational studies reporting mortality in COVID-19 patients with DM using DPP4i
those not using DPP4i. Preadmission and in-hospital use of DPP4i were considered. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Unadjusted and adjusted pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Subgroup analysis was performed for studies reporting preadmission and in-hospital use of DPP4i.

We identified nine observational studies of high quality pooling data retrieved from 7008 COVID-19 patients with DM. The pooled analysis of unadjusted and adjusted data did not show any significant association between DPP4i use and mortality in COVID-19 patients with DM. Alantolactone supplier However, on subgroup analysis, we found that in-hospital (and not preadmission) DPP4i use was associated with reduced mortality (unadjusted OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.23, 0.58,
 < 0.0001,

 = 0% and adjusted OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.13, 0.55,
 = 0.0003,

 = 12%).

In-hospital use of DPP4i is associated with a significant reduction in COVID-19 mortality. Hence, it would be prudent to initiate or continue DPP4i in COVID-19 patients with DM if not contraindicated.
In-hospital use of DPP4i is associated with a significant reduction in COVID-19 mortality. Hence, it would be prudent to initiate or continue DPP4i in COVID-19 patients with DM if not contraindicated.
This meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the prevalence of hypothyroidism among pregnant women in India.

We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Shodhganga (Indian thesis repository) for observational studies, providing prevalence of hypothyroidism among pregnant women in India. Systematic study selection and data extraction procedures were followed. Quality assessment of each study was done using JBI critical appraisal checklist. The random effects model was used for pooling the effect sizes. Publication bias was assessed using the funnel plot and rank correlation test.

statistics was used to measure heterogeneity across the studies. Heterogeneity in the pooled estimates was further explored with subgroup analyses and meta-regression analysis.

Sixty-one studies were found eligible and included in this review. The pooled estimate of the prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnant women was 11.07% (95% CI 8.79-13.84,

 = 99%). Pooled prevalence estimates of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism are 9.51% (95% CI 7.48-12.04,

 = 98%) and 2.74% (95% CI 2.08-3.58,

 = 94%).

We documented 11.07% pooled prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnant women in India.
We documented 11.07% pooled prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnant women in India.
This review aimed at figuring out the risk factors of uncontrolled hypertension in stroke.

This study systematically analyzed the hypertension risk factors available in the ProQuest, EBSCO, and PubMed databases published between 2010 and December 2019. The risk factors' pooled odds ratio (POR) included in this research was calculated using both fixed and random-effect models. The meta-data analysis was processed using the Review Manager 5.3 (Rev Man 5.3).

Of 1868 articles, seven studies were included in this review searched using specific keywords. Based on the analysis results, there were 7 risk factors of uncontrolled hypertension in stroke medication nonadherence (POR = 2.23 [95% CI 1.71-2.89],
= 0.342;

= 6.7%), use of antihypertensive drugs (POR = 1.13 [95% CI 1.19-1.59,
= 0.001;

= 90.9%), stage of hypertension (POR = 1.14 [95% CI 1.02-1.27],
= <0.001;

= 97.1%), diabetes mellitus (POR = 0.71 [95% CI 0.52-0.99],
= <0.001;

= 96.5%), atrial fibrillation (POR = 1.74 [95% CI 1.
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