Notes

[Experiences using endoscopic full-thickness resection involving complicated intestines lesions].
The maximum absorbance was obtained in the 200-500 nm regions with a prominent peak absorbance at 372 nm from UV-vis spectra. The corresponding band gap for ZnO nps was calculated using Tauc's plots and was found to be 3.8, 3.67, and 3.45 eV for the 450, 500, and 550 °C calcined samples, respectively. The fluorescence spectra showed an increase in the intensity along with the increase in the size of ZnO nps. The ZnO nps (samples calcined at 500 and 550 °C) exhibited a response toward Aldicarb, owing to their pure phase and higher PL intensity. Both the samples showed systematic detection of Aldicarb in the range of 250 pM to 2 nM (500 °C) and 250 pM to 5 nM (550 °C). Among the various quenching mechanisms, PET was found to be the dominant process for the detection of Aldicarb. This method can be used for the detection of Aldicarb in real (food) samples using a portable fluorimeter. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.The paper reports the time-domain THz spectroscopy studies of noncentrosymmetric energetic nitro/nitrogen-rich aryl-tetrazole high-energy molecules. The fingerprint spectra in the THz domain reveal the role of different functional groups attached to position "1" of the tetrazole moiety, which controls the energetic properties. These responses are deliberated through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The synthesized aryl-tetrazoles exhibit high positive heat of formation (369-744 kJ/mol), high detonation velocities, and pressures (D v 7734-8298 m·s-1; D p 24-28 GPa) in comparison to the noncentrosymmetric 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). These compounds exhibit variation in the refractive indices and absorption between 0.1 and 2.2 THz range. The DFT studies at the molecular and single-crystal level (using plane wave pseudo potential method) endorse in detecting these bands (with ∼1% deviation). The calculated vibrational frequencies and linear optical properties are found to have good agreement with the experimental data in UV-visible and THz regions. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.Multi-phase nanostructured polymer electrolytes, where the one phase conducts ions while the other imparts the desired mechanical properties, are currently the most promising candidates for solid-state electrolytes in high-density lithium metal batteries. In contrast to homogeneous polymer electrolytes, where ion transport is coupled with polymer segmental dynamics and any attempt to improve conductivity via faster polymer motions results in a decrease in stiffness, nanostructured materials efficiently decouple these two antagonistic parameters. Nevertheless, for reasons discussed herein the synthesis of a polymer electrolyte that simultaneously has a shear modulus of G' ≈ GPa and an ion conductivity of σ > 10-4 S/cm (in the case dual ion conductor) or of σ > 10-5 S/cm (in the case of single-ion conductor) remains a challenge. This review focuses on recent designing strategies for the synthesis of all-polymer nanostructured electrolytes, and protocols for introducing a single-ion character in such materials. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.The potential of erythritol as a platform chemical in biomass refinery is discussed in terms of erythritol production and utilization. Regarding erythritol production, fermentation of sugar or starch has been already commercialized. The shift of the carbon source from glucose to inexpensive inedible waste glycerol is being investigated, which will decrease the price of erythritol. The carbon-based yield of erythritol from glycerol is comparable to or even higher than that from glucose. The metabolic pathway of erythritol biosynthesis has become clarified erythrose-4-phosphate, which is one of the intermediates in the pentose phosphate pathway, is dephosphorylated and reduced to erythritol. The information about the metabolic pathway may give insights to improve the productivity by bleeding. Regarding erythritol utilization, chemical conversions of erythritol, especially deoxygenation, have been investigated in these days. Erythritol is easily dehydrated to 1,4-anhydroerythritol, which can be also used as the substrate for production of useful C4 chemicals. C-O hydrogenolysis and deoxydehydration using heterogeneous catalysts are effective reactions for erythritol/1,4-anhydroerythritol conversion. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.This review deals with the recent applications of the indium trichloride (InCl3) catalyst in the synthesis of a broad spectrum of heterocyclic compounds. MTX-211 in vivo Over the years, a number of reviews on the applications of InCl3-catalyzed organic synthesis have appeared in the literature. It is evident that InCl3 has emerged as a valuable catalyst for a wide range of organic transformations due to its stability when exposed to moisture and also in an aqueous medium. The most attractive feature of this review is the application of the InCl3 catalyst for synthesizing bioactive heterocyclic compounds. The study of InCl3-catalyzed organic reactions has high potential and better intriguing aspects, which are anticipated to originate from this field of research. Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.In recent years, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been wildly studied as heterogeneous catalysts due to their diversity of structures and outstanding physical and chemical properties. Meanwhile, MOFs have also been regarded as promising templates for the synthesis of conductive and electrochemically active catalysts. However, in most of the studies, high-temperature annealing is needed to transform nonconductive or low-conductive MOFs to conductive materials for electrocatalyis, during which the unique structures and intrinsic active sites in MOFs can be easily destroyed. Therefore, in recent years, different strategies have been developed for improving the catalytic performances of MOF-based composites for electrochemical reactions with no need of post-treatment. This mini-review highlights the recent advances on MOF-based structures with improved conductivities and electrochemical activities for the application in electrocatalysis. Overall, the advanced MOF-based electrocatalysts include the highly conductive and electrochemically active pristine MOFs, MOFs combined with conductive substrates, and MOFs hybridized with active materials.
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