Notes

Post-traumatic anxiety disorder symptoms following veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane layer oxygenator support.
Lephalale Municipality in Limpopo Province, South Africa, has seen significant economic and industrial development owing to expansion of the coal mining and power generation sectors. Selleckchem Eganelisib This development has coincided with substantial population growth of 65% between 2001 and 2016, attributable to largely (migrant) males living in the area who, overall, outnumbered females by ~121100. The local HIV prevalence is reported to be higher than national rates.

Anonymised National Health Laboratory Service CD4+ data were used to document increasing laboratory services workload and to establish the burden of advanced (CD4+ count <200 cells/µL) and very advanced (<100 cells/µL) HIV disease among adult patients accessing public healthcare in Lephalale between 2006 and 2015.

A cross-sectional design was used to analyse CD4+ laboratory data. CD4+ outcomes were categorised by volumes of tests, year, health facility type, age categories (15 - 19, 20 - 24, 25 - 29, 30 - 34, 35 - 39, 40 - 44, 45 - 49 and & that improved systems are urgently needed to encourage and accommodate access to HIV care for male (migrant worker) patients living and working in emerging industrial centres.
South Africa (SA) has a high disease burden of HIV/AIDS. Previously, studies have shown that HIV-infected women have adverse pregnancy outcomes.

To determine the effect of HIV infection on neonatal birthweight, head circumference, birth length and duration of pregnancy.

This was a retrospective study, and data were obtained from the maternity records of women who delivered at Stanger Hospital, SA, from August to December 2016. Pregnancies were dated using an early ultrasound scan. Women with comorbidities that are known to affect birth anthropometry were excluded, as well as all self-reported smokers. Women were divided into HIV-infected and HIV-non-infected groups and compared.

Among the 392 women included in the cohort, 171 (43.6%) were HIV-infected and 221 (56.4%) were non-infected. All HIV-infected women were receiving antiretroviral therapy. There was no significant difference in neonatal birthweight, head circumference, birth length or duration of pregnancy between the groups.

HIV infection that has been treated does not appear to be an independent risk factor for fetal growth restriction or preterm delivery in an SA population.
HIV infection that has been treated does not appear to be an independent risk factor for fetal growth restriction or preterm delivery in an SA population.
The burden of neonatal surgical conditions is not well documented in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). These conditions are thought to be relatively common, with a considerable proportion of neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) requiring surgical intervention.

To review neonates with surgical conditions admitted to the NICU in our hospital setting.

This was a retrospective, descriptive study of neonates with surgical conditions admitted to the NICU at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), South Africa, between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2015. The characteristics and survival of these neonates were described using univariate analysis. The NICU at CMJAH is combined with a paediatric intensive care unit, to a total of 15 beds, and serves as a referral unit.

Of 923 neonates admitted to the NICU, 319 (34.6%) had primarily surgical conditions. Of these 319 neonates, 205 survived (64.3%). There were 125/319 neonates (39.2%) with necrotising enterocolitis tes with major surgical conditions accounted for one-third of NICU admissions in the present study. The study highlights the considerable burden placed on paediatric surgical services at a large referral hospital in SA. Paediatric surgical services, with early referral and improvement of neonatal transport systems, must be a priority in planned healthcare interventions to reduce neonatal mortality in LMICs.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has undergone rapid expansion internationally over the past 15 years. In view of resource constraints in developing countries, a major challenge in applying this technology lies in identifying patients most likely to benefit. The development of a risk prediction model for TAVI has proved elusive, with a reported area under the curve (AUC) of 0.6 - 0.65. The available models were developed in a First-World setting and may not be applicable to South Africa (SA).

To evaluate novel indicators and to develop a TAVI risk prediction model unique to the SA context. The current work represents the important initial steps of derivation cohort risk model development and internal validation.

Seven-year experience with 244 successive TAVI implants in three centres in Western Cape Province, SA, was used to derive risk parameters. All outcomes are reported in accordance with the Valve Academic Research Consortium definitions. Multiple preprocedural variables were assessedbe applicable to other resource-constrained environments.
Airway management is an essential skill for doctors working in the emergency department (ED). Safety and efficacy are crucial to its success. Analysis of an airway registry can provide feedback that can be used for quality improvement purposes.

To examine the first airway registry from an ED in South Africa (SA), a low- to middle-income country (LMIC), and compare the findings with international data.

A retrospective analysis of 13 months' data from the airway registry of an academic ED with an annual census of 60 000 patients. Data analysed included demographics, indications for intubation, intubator training level, type of intubation device, number of attempts, adverse events, pre-oxygenation methods, and drug and intravenous fluid use.

A total of 321 intubations were included. The majority of the patients (71.6%) had non-traumatic indications for intubation. The overall first-pass intubation success (FPS) rate for doctors was 81.8%. Although this rate is lower than the mean rate suggested in an int from an SA ED highlights that airway management in an LMIC can be performed on par with accepted international standards. It serves as a good baseline for further research into airway management in other LMICs and provides useful feedback for quality improvement purposes.
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