Notes

Clusters-based silver precious metal nanorings: An active substrate with regard to surface-enhanced Raman dispersing.
Data regarding Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection frequency in concurrent celiac disease (CD) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) (CD + T1DM) are anecdotal. This study aimed to evaluate the association between Hp and concomitant CD + T1DM in children.

In this 2-center, case-control study, children who underwent esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD) were studied. CD diagnosis was established by favorable histology and serology. Hp infection was confirmed by both histology and the rapid urease test. Patients were divided into 3 groups as CD only (CDo), CD + T1DM, and non-CD children who underwent endoscopy as controls.

Among the 1,431 EGDs performed, 783 cases were eligible. Overall, 215 cases had CDo (mean age 9.12 ± 4.18 years, 58.1% girls), 63 cases had CD + T1DM (mean age 9.29 ± 4.46 years, 50.8% girls), and 505 cases were controls (mean age 9.69 ± 4.52 years, 56.6% girls). Hp infection rate was significantly lower in CD + T1DM group (controls 49.7% vs. CDo 32.1% vs. CD + T1DM 20.6%, p < 0.01). After adjustment for age, gender, and socioeconomic status, the Hp infection rate was still significantly low (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35-1.83, p < 0.01). A difference in Hp infection rate between controls and CDo group (aOR 1.43, 95% CI 1.09-2.12, p < 0.05), and between CDo and CD + T1DM (aOR 0.89, 95% CI 0.65-1.54, p < 0.05) group was significant. The severity of duodenal lesions and the presence of Hp infection were not correlated in all celiac children (r 0.113, p > 0.05).

The frequency of Hp infection was significantly lower in CD + T1DM children, compared to the CDo group and the controls.
The frequency of Hp infection was significantly lower in CD + T1DM children, compared to the CDo group and the controls.
Most evidence now indicates that cognitive function is related to poorer oral health in late adulthood, but that this relationship is not invariant across specific cognitive domains. Prospective memory (PM) is a core memory skill that refers to memory for future intentions and is known to be related to the formation of habits such as tooth flossing. However, the relationship between PM and oral health has been subject to only limited empirical study.

The two studies reported in this paper were designed to test whether PM is related to oral health in older adults of varying vulnerability status.

Study 1 sampled community-dwelling older adults (N = 172) living independently in the community; Study 2 sampled older adults living in a retirement village (N = 32). Participants in both studies were asked to complete a behavioural measure of PM, with their oral health indexed via self-report (Study 1) or an objective oral health exam (Study 2).

In both studies, relationships emerged between event-based PM and oral health, with Study 2 showing that these relationships were specific to oral health measures of plaque and calculus.

Older adults are particularly vulnerable to dental pathology, with important implications for their broader health and well-being. By showing that there is a relationship between oral health and a particular type of PM, this work will have potential implications for the development of more effective interventions focused on enhancing oral health outcomes in this group, such as those focused on strengthening habit formation.
Older adults are particularly vulnerable to dental pathology, with important implications for their broader health and well-being. selleck chemicals By showing that there is a relationship between oral health and a particular type of PM, this work will have potential implications for the development of more effective interventions focused on enhancing oral health outcomes in this group, such as those focused on strengthening habit formation.
Frailty can be seen as a continuum, from fit to frail. While many recent studies have focused on frailty, much less attention has been paid to the other end of the continuum the group of older adults that remain (relatively) vital. Moreover, there is a lack of studies on frailty and vitality that investigate predictors from multiple domains of functioning simultaneously. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of frailty as well as vitality among older adults aged 75 years and over.

We used longitudinal data from 569 adults aged ≥75 years who participated in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. Predictors from the sociodemographic, social, psychological, lifestyle, and physical domains of functioning were measured at T1 (2008-2009). We used the frailty index (FI) to identify frail (FI ≥ 0.25) and vital (FI ≤ 0.15) respondents at follow-up, 3 years later (T2 2011-2012). We conducted logistic regression analyses with backward stepwise selection to develop and internally validate our prediction mtors of frailty only partially overlap with predictors of vitality. The readily accessible predictors in our models may help to identify older adults who are likely to be vital, or who are at risk of frailty.
Chronicity or seroclearance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigens is determined by the host immune responses. Current approaches to treat HBV patients are based on inhibition of replication using different antivirals (nucleoside or nucleotide analogs) as monotherapy, or along with immune modulators as combination therapy is being used worldwide for reducing the viral load. Understanding the role of immune cellular therapies with currently available treatments for persistent viral-mediated responses in HBV patients is unexplored. However, the generation of antibodies against a surface (HBs) and envelop (HBe) antigen of hepatitis B remains an issue for future studies and needs to be explored.

Humoral immunity, specifically T follicular helper (TFh) cells, may serve as a target for therapy for HBsAg seroconversion. In this review, we have been engrossed in the importance and role of the humoral immune responses in CHBV infection and vertical transmission. Key Message TFh cells have been suggested as the potential target of immunotherapy which lead to seroconversion of HBe and HBs antigens of HBV. HBsAg seroconversion and eradication of covalently closed circular DNA are the main challenges for existing and forthcoming therapies in HBV infection.
Humoral immunity, specifically T follicular helper (TFh) cells, may serve as a target for therapy for HBsAg seroconversion. In this review, we have been engrossed in the importance and role of the humoral immune responses in CHBV infection and vertical transmission. Key Message TFh cells have been suggested as the potential target of immunotherapy which lead to seroconversion of HBe and HBs antigens of HBV. HBsAg seroconversion and eradication of covalently closed circular DNA are the main challenges for existing and forthcoming therapies in HBV infection.
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