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Combining NIR as well as Process Detectors Data regarding Polymer Production Keeping track of.
Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is usually associated with pregnant and neonatal complications. Most of the PROM cases are caused by ascending asymptomatic genital infection. In China, PROM (15.3%) is more common than spontaneous preterm labor (7.3%) and leads to more adverse pregnancy outcomes. Here, we designed a prospective cohort study to measure the metabolomics changes in vaginal swab samples and explored their potential contribution to PROM. A total of 260 differentially expressed metabolites were identified and further analyzed. In the PROM group, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and sucrose were downregulated (P = 0.0025, P = 0.0195, respectively), both of which are the upstream metabolites of the glycolysis pathway. Furthermore, estriol 3-sulfate 16-glucuronide (P = 0.0154) and 2-methoxy-17beta-estradiol 3-glucosiduronic acid (P = 0.004), two final metabolites in steroid hormone biosynthesis, were both downregulated in the PROM group. Finally, we found two catechin metabolites (epigallocatechin-7-glucuronide, P = 0.0009; 4'-methyl-epigallocatechin-7-glucuronide, P = 0.01) as well as DL-citrulline (P = 0.0393) were also significantly downregulated in the PROM group compared with the healthy control (HC) group, which are related to important antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in the human body. Altogether, metabolite changes in glycolysis, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and antioxidant/anti-inflammatory pathways may contribute to (or be a consequence of) vaginal dysbiosis and PROM. #link# Metabolite pathway analysis is a new and promising approach to further investigate the mechanism of PROM and help prevent its unfavorable pregnant outcomes at a functional level. Trial registration number ChiCTR2000034721.The COVID-19 pandemic is unlike anything we have experienced in over a century. In the USA, waves of COVID-19 have migrated from the Northeast to the Sun Belt to the Midwest over the past year. Compared with females, males are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, have more severe COVID-19 disease, and have higher death rates. In many countries, men are consistently more likely to die by a factor of almost 2. This article describes some of the mechanisms by which COVID-19 may be associated with male infertility, as discussed by Dutta and Sengupta.Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) occurs frequently in Chinese patients, but the causes for 40-50% RPL remain unexplained. This study aims to explore possible association between recurrent pregnancy loss and chromosome polymorphism. We performed a retrospective cohort study including a total number of 2967 Chinese patients from January in 2013 to December in 2019.These participants were divided into two groups group I (RPL group) and group II (control group). Group I included 1791 patients who underwent RPL. Group II included 1176 individuals who underwent primary infertility. Their chromosome karyotype analyses were performed by Giemsa banding protocol. Pearson chi-squared test and Fisher's exact test were employed to evaluate the difference in frequency of chromosomal polymorphic variations between both groups. Chromosomal polymorphism occurred more frequently in RPL group compared with control group, the differences for 9qh+, inv(9), and Yqh+ between both groups were (χ2 = 6.697, p = 0.01), (χ2 = 6.242, p = 0.012), and (χ2 = 4.587, p = 0.032), respectively. The most significant difference of chromosomal polymorphism karyotype between RPL group and control group was found for acrocentric chromosome (D/G group) variants (χ2 = 30.7, p  less then  0.001). Moreover, the difference in frequency of D/G group variants between women and men in RPL group was remarkably significant (χ2 = 55.3, p  less then  0.001), and furthermore, D/G group variants occurred more frequently among women in RPL group than women in control group (χ2 = 44.3, p  less then  0.001). selleck found that acrocentric chromosomal polymorphism occurred preferentially on Chinese women with RPL. The fascinating finding provides us novel insight into the potential association of higher frequency of acrocentric chromosomal variations on Chinese women with unexplained RPL.
This retrospective study investigated, for the first time, sleep characteristics in anorexia nervosa (AN) subtypes and the clinical profile in adolescents, as well as the quality of life (QoL) and emotionality in these patients with poor sleep.

The sample included 111 adolescents with AN. First, restrictive AN (ANR) and binge eating/purging AN (ANB/P) groups were compared in terms of self-reported sleep characteristics, sleepiness and chronotype. Second, the clinical profile, QoL, and emotionality of good sleepers (GS) and poor sleepers (PS) were compared.

Compared to the ANR group, participants with ANB/P showed significantly greater sleep disturbances and sleepiness, and also a higher preference for an eveningness chronotype. Results also showed a clinical profile significantly more severe in PS than in GS. After adjustment, only the ANB/P subtype and the EDI-2 ineffectiveness subscale remained significantly linked to poor sleep. Moreover, the QoL was lower and emotionality more negative in PS with respect to GS.

Findings suggest that subjective sleep disturbances may be used as a clinical marker for AN severity and for ANB/P subtype. Importantly, findings suggest that improving sleep quality in adolescents with AN may help managing their ED and their comorbidities, but also improve their QoL.

Level V, descriptive study (evaluation data retrospectively studied).
Level V, descriptive study (evaluation data retrospectively studied).
Evidence concerning eating disorders as risk toward developing cancer is sparse. Energy restriction might be cancer protective, while malnutrition, vomiting, laxative and substance use might stimulate cancer development. We examined whether individuals with an eating disorder (not restricted to anorexia nervosa) had a different risk of developing cancer.

A systematic search on Medline and Embase until 28th April 2020 identified relevant human original research publications, including all populations and all cancer types.

From 990 records, 6 case reports and 9 cohorts were included. Some cohorts found a decreased breast (3/5 studies) or cervical (1/2) cancer risk, while an increased esophageal (2/3), liver (1/1), brain (1/1 in men) and respiratory (2/4) cancer risk, but other cancer risks were non-significant, and an increased mortality overall (1/2), frombreast (1/1), female genital (1/1) and skin (1/1) cancer in eating disorder patients. The case reports further described esophageal cancer and leukemia. No clear statistical differences in cancer risk were found depending on eating disorder type, perhaps due tothe small sample size (n = 1783 for other than anorexia nervosa).

The literature on eating disorders and cancer risk is sparse with many gaps. Hormonal changes, sexual activity, nutritional status, vomiting and concomitant tobacco/alcohol abuse may explain increased/decreased cancer risk. Future large studies (now 1-366 cancer cases) that also include men (now 4.7%), bulimia nervosa (now 3.8%) and several cancer sites (now mainly breast cancer) are needed and should foresee longer follow-up time (now 5.4-15.2years) and extensive confounder adjustment (now only age and sex).

Level I, systematic review.
Level I, systematic review.
Although orthorexia nervosa, the fixation on health-conscious eating behaviour, was first described in the 90s, there is no clear understanding whether existing ON measures are appropriate for its assessment. link2 The objectives of the present study were to (1) examine the psychometric properties of the Polish version of the DOS (PL-DOS) and to compare the PL-DOS with the English version of the DOS (E-DOS) as well as (2) evaluate the prevalence of ON among Polish university students and compare the prevalence rates of ON among Polish and U.S. students.

Four-hundred and twelve students (77.2% female) with a mean age of 24.62years (SD = 6.86) participated in the present study. All participants completed the Polish version of the Düsseldorf Orthorexia Scale (PL-DOS), the Eating Habits Questionnaire (EHQ) and the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI).

Reliability analysis for the PL-DOS showed strong internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.840 and a coefficient omega of 0.840, 95% CI [0.808, 0.866]. Significant correlation coefficients were found between the PL-DOS and all subscales of the EHQ. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the one-factor model had poor fit. Polish students had an ON prevalence rate of 6.6%, lower than that of U.S. students (8%).

Our findings validate the use of the PL-DOS as an appropriate ON measure for a Polish population.

Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
Sexual minority (SM) men are at a higher risk for eating disorders and related issues, relative to heterosexual men. However, it is currently unknown whether commonly used measures of eating pathology are appropriate to use among diverse groups of men. Determining the unique functioning of existing assessments may help better and more accurately understand eating disorder pathology within this population. The present study examined differences in item endorsement between sexual orientation in the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) through differential item functioning (DIF).

Heterosexual and SM men (N = 703) completed the EDE-Q and a demographic questionnaire. EDE-Q scores were examined for clinically significant DIF based on participants' self-reported sexual orientation (e.g., heterosexual men vs SM men).

SM men reported higher EDE-Q symptom composite scores than heterosexual men. DIF was observed for all EDE-Q items relative to the global score; however, only one item met clinical significance (EDE-Q #19; ∆R
 ≥ 0.13).

Results suggest that SM men experience greater levels of ED pathology than heterosexual men. While the EDE-Q is a commonly used measure of eating pathology, findings suggest that sexual orientation bias may impact many items on the EDE-Q. However, results from this study indicated that only one item introduces bias that has clinical implications. Additional research is needed to further explore and replicate this finding among more diverse samples of SM and heterosexual men.

Level III, case-control analytic study.
Level III, case-control analytic study.
OsHOX24 mediates regulation of desiccation stress response via complex regulatory network as indicated by its binding to several target genes including transcription factors in rice. HD-ZIP I subfamily of homeobox transcription factors (TFs) are involved in abiotic stress responses and plantdevelopment. Previously, we demonstrated the role of OsHOX24, a member of HD-ZIP I subfamily, in abiotic stress responses. In this study, we identified downstream targets of OsHOX24 under control and desiccation stress conditions via chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) approach in wild-type and OsHOX24 over-expression transgenic in rice. OsHOX24-binding sites in each sample and differential binding sitesbetween the samples were detected at various genomic locations, including genic and intergenic regions. link3 Gene ontology enrichment analysis revealed that OsHOX24 direct target genes were involved in several biological processes, including plant development, ABA-mediated signalling pathway, ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process, ion transport, abiotic and biotic stress responses besides transcriptional and translational regulation.
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