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Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modelling involving Medication and also Mouth Topiramate as well as Effect on your Symbol-Digit Modalities Examination inside Grown-up Wholesome Volunteers.
(OR 6.515; 95 % CI 5.011-8.470; OR 4.715; 95 % CI 2.717-8.183; OR 2.748; 95 % CI 1.100-6.866). Mortality was 9 %. Developing NEC increased risk of mortality by 2.192 times (95 % CI 1.469- 3.271); in intestinal perforation, mortality risk increased to 11.527 (95 % CI 6.293-21.115).

NEC frequency was 18.28 %. Intestinal perforation occurred in 18 % of NEC patients. PDA and delay in first enteral nutrition were predisposing factors for acquiring NEC and low 5-minutes Apgar scores for intestinal perforation.
NEC frequency was 18.28 %. Intestinal perforation occurred in 18 % of NEC patients. PDA and delay in first enteral nutrition were predisposing factors for acquiring NEC and low 5-minutes Apgar scores for intestinal perforation.
The early detection of clinical deterioration in hospitalized patients helps to improve the quality of care. The pediatric early warning score (PEWS) system predicts such deterioration in the first 24 hours of administration. Prior studies support the use of these tools.

To assess the usefulness of the Brighton PEWS (B-PEWS) for the prediction of clinical deterioration among hospitalized children at a children's hospital in the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires.

Cross-sectional study. The medical records of all patients aged 1 month to 18 years admitted to any hospitalization ward between March 1st and August 31st, 2018 were included. Predictive outcome measure B-PEWS score (≤ 3 and ≥ 4 points). Outcome variable clinical deterioration in the first 24 hours. Categorical outcome measures were analyzed with the χ² test and screening values were estimated. The relative risk was used as a measure of association. A ROC curve analysis and an optimal cut-point analysis according to the Youden index were done considering the score in a continuous manner.

A total of 518 medical records were reviewed. Forty patients had clinical deterioration; the B-PEWS score was ≥ 4 in 37 patients and ≤ 3 in 3 (relative risk 56.36; 95 % confidence interval 17.76-178.89; p < 0.01). Sensitivity 92.5 %; specificity 88.3 %; positive predictive value 39.8 %; negative predictive value 99.3 %; positive likelihood ratio 7.91; negative likelihood ratio 0.08. AUC 0.94 (95 % confidence interval 0.89-0.98).

The B-PEWS demonstrated to be useful to predict clinical deterioration in hospitalized children.
The B-PEWS demonstrated to be useful to predict clinical deterioration in hospitalized children.
An excessive technology use among young children is a cause for concern in pediatric practice.

To assess screen use among children < 4 years old and its relation to parental concern about psychomotor development regarding motor, language, cognitive, and personal-social skills.

Survey administered to mothers and/or fathers of children aged ≥ 18 months and < 4 years seen at the outpatient office between February and May 2018. Descriptive, cross-sectional study.

A total of 150 surveys were completed. Combined device use in 100 % TV, 98 %; smartphones, 80 %; tablets, 52.7 %; computers, 24 %. Average use 2.25 h/day across all ages (standard deviation 1.2). Use and quality games, 60 % (non-educational, 23 %); videos, 88 % (non-educational, 20 %). Parental concern about development 82 % had no concerns; 8.7 % was concerned about language; 9.3 %, about attention deficit; the latter two were consistent with a longer exposure time 2.92 h/day (p = 0.0024). Parental opinion about use and effects on development 52 %, beneficial; 12 %, no effect; 25.3 %, harmful; and 10.7 %, harmful due to excessive use; the latter two were consistent with a shorter exposure time 1.8 h/day (p = 0.0023).

The 100 % of children use devices in combination. Parental concern about psychomotor development is expressed when exposure exceeds the current recommendations for age.
The 100 % of children use devices in combination. Parental concern about psychomotor development is expressed when exposure exceeds the current recommendations for age.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) in pediatrics. Preterm infants are at a higher risk for complications. We aimed to describe and compare the clinical and epidemiological characteristics associated with ALRTI due to RSV in preterm and term infants and to establish the predictors of fatality among preterm infants.

Prospective, cross-sectional study of patients admitted due to ALRTI in the 2000-2018 period. Viral diagnosis was done by indirect immunofluorescence or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in nasopharyngeal aspirates. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics were recorded. A multiple logistic regression model established the predictors of fatality among preterm infants.

A total of 16 018 ALRTI cases were included; 13 545 (84.6 %) were tested; 6047 (45 %) were positive; RSV was prevalent in 81.1 % (4907), with a seasonal epidemic pattern; 14 % (686) were preterm infants. Comorbidities, perinatal respiratory history, congenital heart disease, malnutrition, chronic respiratory disease, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, prior hospitalization due to ALRTI, and chronic neurological disease (p < 0.001) were more common among preterm infants; they required more intensive care and a longer length of stay, and had a higher fatality rate (p < 0.01). Congenital heart disease was an independent predictor of fatality due to RSV among preterm infants (OR 3.67 [1.25-10.8], p = 0.01).

RSV showed an epidemic pattern and affected more preterm infants with certain comorbidities, with a higher morbidity and mortality, compared to term infants. RSV fatality among preterm infants was associated with congenital heart disease.
RSV showed an epidemic pattern and affected more preterm infants with certain comorbidities, with a higher morbidity and mortality, compared to term infants. RSV fatality among preterm infants was associated with congenital heart disease.
In just a few months, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a pandemic, causing millions of cases and hundreds of thousands of deaths. Due to its high infectiousness, the health care staff is even more exposed. Nevertheless, there is still very limited information about it, especially among pediatricians.

To assess the seroprevalence of SARSCoV- 2 antibodies among physicians from a children's hospital 3 months after the first case in Argentina. To explore if certain demographic, occupational, and epidemiological characteristics are risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity.

Cross-sectional study of physicians randomly selected from the list of workers of a children's hospital. All of them were screened for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies by chemiluminescence (immunoglobulins G/M [IgG/IgM]) and their epidemiological history was collected (age, place of residence, professional category, contact with infected people) in order to explore the association between predictors and seropositivity.

A total of 116 physicians were included; their average age was 45.6 ± 13.3 years. Of them, 62.9 % were staff physicians, and the rest, residents; 42.2 % worked in areas designated for direct care of COVID-19 patients. Four (3.5 %) referred contact with infected people without the appropriate protection, and 6 (5.2 %), having traveled to risk areas. SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgG) were only detected in one of the professionals. Because of this, it was impossible to assess the association between potential predictors and the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

It was observed that only 0.9 % of the physicians from a children's hospital had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
It was observed that only 0.9 % of the physicians from a children's hospital had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.PsychTable.org is a new online, mass-collaborative tool for the social sciences that aggregates evidence for and classifies the evolved psychological adaptations (EPAs) that have been proposed to comprise the human mind. This article provides an overview of the need for this reference tool and how it can benefit researchers who incorporate the behavioral sciences into their work. 4-Chloro-DL-phenylalanine chemical structure The article walks the reader through a hypothetical use case for PsychTable.org and describes the features of the website. PsychTable.org is intended to help key stakeholders better understand the linkages between EPAs and political behavior, public policy, and ethics.What causes people to see their political attitudes in a moral light? One answer is that attitude moralization results from associating one's attitude stance with feelings of disgust. To test the possibility that disgust moralizes, the current study used a high-powered preregistered design looking at within-person change in moral conviction paired with an experimental manipulation of disgust or anger (versus control). Results from the preregistered analyses found that we successfully induced anger but not disgust; however, our manipulation had no effect on moral conviction. Additional exploratory analyses investigating whether emotion and harm predicted increases in moral conviction over time found that neither disgust, anger, nor sadness had an effect on moralization, whereas perceptions of harm did predict moralization. Our findings are discussed in terms of their implications for current theory and research into attitude moralization.Many U.S. states have proposed policies that restrict bathroom access to an individual's birth sex. These policies have had widespread effects on safety for transgender and gender-nonconforming people, as well as on state economies. In this registered report, we assessed the role of disgust in support for policies that restrict transgender bathroom access. We found that sensitivity to pathogen disgust was positively associated with support for bathroom restrictions; sexual and injury disgust were unrelated. We also examined the role of disgust-driven moral concerns, known as purity concerns, as well as harm-related moral concerns in support for bathroom restrictions. While concerns about harm to cisgender and transgender people predicted support for bathroom restrictions, purity was a much stronger predictor. Also, purity partially mediated the link between pathogen disgust and support for bathroom restrictions, even after accounting for harm concerns. Findings and implications are discussed.Disgust has been consistently associated with greater political conservatism. Two explanations have been proposed for this link. According to a pathogen threat model, disgust serves a pathogen-avoidance function, encouraging more conservative ideology, whereas a sexual strategies model suggests that this link is explained by variability in short-term versus long-term mating goals. In two preregistered studies using a college student and community sample (total N = 1,950), we examined whether experimentally manipulating pathogen threat and mate availability produced differences in political ideology and whether these differences were explained by disgust and sociosexual attitudes. Across both studies, we did not find evidence that manipulating pathogen threat or mate availability resulted in change in political ideology. In Study 1, manipulating mate availability was indirectly associated with greater political conservativism through stronger sociosexual attitudes that favor monogamy. These findings failed to replicate in Study 2.
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