Notes

Body fat Fraction Sizes By using a Three-Material Breaking down Dual-Energy CT Method Accounting for Bone fragments Minerals: Evaluation in the Bone Marrow Phantom Utilizing MRI as Research.
Revision total hip arthroplasty in the setting of extensive femoral bone loss poses a considerable challenge to the adult reconstructive surgeon. When the proximal femoral bone stock is deficient or absent, there are few options for reconstruction. In such cases, treatment options include distal cementless fixation (either modular or nonmodular), impaction bone grafting (IBG), a megaprosthesis, or even an allograft-prosthesis composite. Each of these procedures has advantages and disadvantages related to bone preservation, surgical timing, and complexity (depending on the learning curve). For its capacity of restoring bone stock, we have been utilizing the IBG technique at our center since August 1987. The aim of the present article was to describe a step-by-step femoral IBG procedure for severe proximal femoral circumferential bone loss, highlighting its current indications and contraindications.

The specific steps to perform this procedure include (1) preoperative planning; (2) positioning of the patienic powder.Retrograde cementation must be done with cement that is in a more liquid state than in primary total hip arthroplasty.

PO = postoperativePMMA = polymethyl methacrylateIV = intravenousLMWH = low molecular weight heparinDVT/EP = deep vein thrombosis and extended prophylaxis.
PO = postoperativePMMA = polymethyl methacrylateIV = intravenousLMWH = low molecular weight heparinDVT/EP = deep vein thrombosis and extended prophylaxis.
Recent surgical techniques involve 3-dimensional (3D) deformity correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS)
. However, next-generation surgical strategies should ensure that the final corrected spine is not only "non-scoliotic," but has an anatomically correct shape. We developed a 4D anatomical spinal reconstruction technique that involves the use of spatiotemporal deformity prediction to preoperatively calculate the postoperative apex of thoracic kyphosis in order to achieve an anatomically correct spinal curvature
.

During the technique, facetectomies are performed at all levels except the lowest instrumented level in order to avoid pseudarthrosis at that site. Two rods are identically bent according to the desired postoperative anatomical thoracic kyphosis, with the apex often anticipated to be between T6 and T8
. Two different categories of spinal rod shapes have been created to cover all presenting anatomies. CDDO-Im cost The single-curve rod is utilized when the lowest instrumented vertebra is L1 or rtebraUEV = upper end vertebraSD = standard deviation.
TL/L = thoracolumbar/lumbarUIV = upper instrumented vertebraUEV = upper end vertebraSD = standard deviation.
Proximal medial gastrocnemius release (PMGR) is a technique that is performed to relieve tension in the Achilles-calcaneus-plantar system when a biomechanical overload is present
. One of the main indications for this technique is recalcitrant plantar fasciitis. This procedure may also be useful in second-rocker metatarsalgia or midportion Achilles tendinitis
. It is considered to be an easy and safe method for achieving good results
.

PMGR is performed with the patient in the prone position. A thigh tourniquet is not utilized. We prefer to use spinal anesthesia, but local anesthesia could be applied along with sedation. A posteromedial incision is made on or just below the posterior knee crease. The crural fascia is divided, and the proximal insertion of the medial gastrocnemius is identified. Performing the "hook maneuver" with a curved dissector is helpful at this step. Only the white fibers are sectioned in order to allow for a lengthening of the muscular fibers that is completed with forceful anklits in order to prevent a contracting muscle scar.

PMGR = proximal medial gastrocnemius releaseESWT = extracorporeal shock wave therapySD = standard deviation.
PMGR = proximal medial gastrocnemius releaseESWT = extracorporeal shock wave therapySD = standard deviation.
Posterior-wall acetabular fractures have been reported to be associated with marginal impaction characteristics in approximately 16% to 38% of cases
. Early recognition of this special entity of joint impaction is essential for effective preoperative planning, intraoperative execution, and favorable outcomes. The 2-level reconstruction technique is safe and effective in experienced hands.

The procedure is performed with the patient under general anesthesia, placed under traction in either the prone or lateral position with use of a radiolucent flat-top fracture table and fluoroscopic guidance. The Kocher-Langenbeck approach is utilized. The big posterior wall fracture is identified and reflected in order to visualize the joint surface. Subsequently, traction is applied to facilitate visualization of the marginal impaction area(s). With use of an osteotome, the impacted fragments are disimpacted and elevated. The femoral head is utilized as a template for accurate reduction of the impacted fragments to thion of the posterior wall fragment.

CT = computed tomographyAP = anteroposteriorK wire = Kirschner wirePDS = polydioxanone sutureAVN = avascular necrosis.
CT = computed tomographyAP = anteroposteriorK wire = Kirschner wirePDS = polydioxanone sutureAVN = avascular necrosis.An ecological approach to binocular vision was already demonstrated in Wheatstone's initial stereograms and was explicitly called for by J. J. Gibson, but detailed analysis and experimentation supporting this approach has been more recent. This paper discusses several aspects of this more recent research on environmentally occurring spatial layouts that can influence binocular vision. These include gradients of depth and regions that can be seen by only one eye. The resolution of local stereoscopic ambiguity by more global factors is also discussed.Paranoia consists of unfounded beliefs that harm will be caused with intent to hurt the subject. Paranoid thoughts exist on a continuum of severity from severe forms in several psychological pathologies to milder forms in a significant minority of individuals of the general population (Freeman, 2007). It can be measured using several types of questionnaires. One recent questionnaire that measures paranoia in both clinical and non-clinical populations is the revised Green et al., Paranoid Thoughts Scale (R-GPTS) (Freeman et al., 2019). This questionnaire is an improved version of the Green et al., Paranoid Thoughts Scale (GPTS) (Green et al., 2008) and has excellent psychometric properties. In the present study, the R-GPTS was translated into French and the psychometric properties of the new French version were evaluated in a sample of the general population (N = 600) and in a clinical sample (N = 22). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the original two-factor structure (social reference and persecution subscales) of the R-GPTS. Evidence of excellent internal consistency of the R-GPTS was found. Furthermore, good convergent and discriminant validity was also found. Test-retest reliability showed significant positive correlations over a 1-month period. The findings discussed above were found in the non-clinical sample. Lastly, the R-GPTS revealed good preliminary criterion validity established from the comparison between the clinical and the non-clinical groups. In conclusion, the French version of the R-GPTS is a valid and reliable tool to measure paranoia in the general population. Due to the small sample size of the clinical sample, further studies are needed in order to confirm good psychometric properties in clinical populations, even though our preliminary findings are promising.
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease that remains an important public health problem, especially in tropical developing countries. Many previous studies in Thailand have revealed the outbreak of human leptospirosis after heavy rainfall, but research determining its quantitative risks associated with rainfall, especially at the national level, remains limited. This study aims to examine the association between rainfall and human leptospirosis across 60 provinces of Thailand. A quasi-Poisson regression framework combined with the distributed lag non-linear model was used to estimate province-specific association between rainfall and human leptospirosis, adjusting for potential confounders. Province-specific estimates were then pooled to derive regional and national estimates using random-effect meta-analysis. The highest risk of leptospirosis associated with rainfall at national level was observed at the same month (lag 0). Using 0cm/month of rainfall as a reference, the relative risks of leptospirosis associated with heavy (90th percentile), very heavy (95th percentile), and extremely heavy (99th percentile) rainfall at the national level were 1.0994 (95% CI 0.9747, 1.2401), 1.1428 (95% CI 1.0154, 1.2862), and 1.1848 (95% CI 1.0494, 1.3378), respectively. The highest risk of human leptospirosis associated with rainfall was observed in the northern and north-eastern regions. Specifically, the relative risks of leptospirosis associated with extremely heavy rainfall in northern and north-eastern regions were 1.2362 (95% CI 0.9110, 1.6775) and 1.2046 (95% CI 0.9728, 1.4918), respectively. Increasing rainfall was associated with increased risks of leptospirosis, especially in the northern and northeastern regions of Thailand. This finding could be used for precautionary warnings against heavy rainfall.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00477-022-02250-x.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00477-022-02250-x.
Sleep has been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic around the world. Furthermore, screen time has been reported to influence sleep and has increased during pandemic quarantines. This systematic review searched databases to determine if screen time affected sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic.

PubMed, Nursing and Allied Health Proquest, and Science Direct Health and Lifescience college edition were searched for articles that fit the inclusion criteria. There were 2750 articles initially screened. Then, 119 articles were further assessed to determine eligibility, creating a final sample of 18 articles that explored whether screen time affected sleep.

After reviewing the included articles (
=18), the main theme revealed that screen time negatively affected sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically aspects such as sleep duration, sleep quality, sleep onset latency, and wake time. However, several articles countered this implication. Therefore, it is important to consider other factors that may influencbetween sleep and well-being.Solanum sisymbriifolium is a critical wild eggplant resource with resistance to many serious diseases that affect eggplant production. In this study, the chloroplast genome of S. sisymbriifolium was successfully sequenced using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology. The length of the complete chloroplast genome is 155,771 bp, and its GC content is 37.76%. There is a large single-copy region (86,404 bp), a small single-copy region (18,525 bp), and a pair of inverted repeat regions (25,421 bp) in the chloroplast genome. A total of 128 coding genes were annotated in the entire chloroplast genome, including 83 protein-coding genes, 37 transfer RNA genes and eight ribosomal RNA genes. The phylogenetic tree of 17 complete chloroplast genomes shows that S. sisymbriifolium is closely related to Solanum wrightii.
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