Notes

Moment Invariants for 2nd Movement Areas by way of Normalization in greater detail.
The self-optimization induced by stability and the possible use of instabilities in the operation regime to improve the energetic performance might usher into new useful perspectives in the control of variables for real engines.We investigate the quasiparticle dynamics in the prototypical heavy fermion CeCoIn_5 using ultrafast optical pump-probe spectroscopy. Our results indicate that this material system undergoes hybridization fluctuations before the establishment of heavy electron coherence, as the temperature decreases from ∼120  K (T^†) to ∼55  K (T^*). We reveal that the anomalous coherent phonon softening and damping reduction below T^* are directly associated with the emergence of collective hybridization. We also discover a distinct collective mode with an energy of ∼8  meV, which may be experimental evidence of the predicted unconventional density wave. Our findings provide important information for understanding the hybridization dynamics in heavy fermion systems.We propose a new collider probe for axionlike particles (ALPs), and more generally for pseudo-Goldstone bosons nonresonant searches that take advantage of the derivative nature of their interactions with Standard Model particles. ALPs can participate as off shell mediators in the s channel of 2→2 scattering processes at colliders like the LHC. We exemplify the power of this novel type of search by deriving new limits on ALP couplings to gauge bosons via the processes pp→ZZ, pp→γγ, and pp→jj using run 2 CMS public data, probing previously unexplored areas of the ALP parameter space. In addition, we propose future nonresonant searches involving the ALP coupling to other electroweak bosons and/or the Higgs particle.Creating a transmon qubit using semiconductor-superconductor hybrid materials not only provides electrostatic control of the qubit frequency, it also allows parts of the circuit to be electrically connected and disconnected in situ by operating a semiconductor region of the device as a field-effect transistor. Here, we exploit this feature to compare in the same device characteristics of the qubit, such as frequency and relaxation time, with related transport properties such as critical supercurrent and normal-state resistance. Gradually opening the field-effect transistor to the monitoring circuit allows the influence of weak-to-strong dc monitoring of a "live" qubit to be measured. A model of this influence yields excellent agreement with experiment, demonstrating a relaxation rate mediated by a gate-controlled environmental coupling.We present the first demonstration of THz driven bunch compression and timing stabilization of a relativistic electron beam. Quasi-single-cycle strong field THz radiation is used in a shorted parallel-plate structure to compress a few-fC beam with 2.5 MeV kinetic energy by a factor of 2.7, producing a 39 fs rms bunch length and a reduction in timing jitter by more than a factor of 2 to 31 fs rms. This THz driven technique offers a significant improvement to beam performance for applications like ultrafast electron diffraction, providing a critical step towards unprecedented timing resolution in ultrafast sciences, and other accelerator applications using femtosecond-scale electron beams.Inverse problems are encountered in many domains of physics, with analytic continuation of the imaginary Green's function into the real frequency domain being a particularly important example. However, the analytic continuation problem is ill defined and currently no analytic transformation for solving it is known. We present a general framework for building an artificial neural network (ANN) that solves this task with a supervised learning approach. selleck chemicals llc Application of the ANN approach to quantum Monte Carlo calculations and simulated Green's function data demonstrates its high accuracy. By comparing with the commonly used maximum entropy approach, we show that our method can reach the same level of accuracy for low-noise input data, while performing significantly better when the noise strength increases. The computational cost of the proposed neural network approach is reduced by almost three orders of magnitude compared to the maximum entropy method.Photonic quantum technology increasingly uses frequency encoding to enable higher quantum information density and noise resilience. Pulsed time-frequency modes (TFM) represent a unique class of spectrally encoded quantum states of light that enable a complete framework for quantum information processing. Here, we demonstrate a technique for direct generation of entangled TFM-encoded states in single-pass, tailored down-conversion processes. We achieve unprecedented quality in state generation-high rates, heralding efficiency, and state fidelity-as characterized via highly resolved time-of-flight fiber spectroscopy and two-photon interference. We employ this technique in a four-photon entanglement swapping scheme as a primitive for TFM-encoded quantum protocols.Tertiary modes in electrostatic drift-wave turbulence are localized near extrema of the zonal velocity U(x) with respect to the radial coordinate x. We argue that these modes can be described as quantum harmonic oscillators with complex frequencies, so their spectrum can be readily calculated. The corresponding growth rate γ_TI is derived within the modified Hasegawa-Wakatani model. We show that γ_TI equals the primary-instability growth rate plus a term that depends on the local U^''; hence, the instability threshold is shifted compared to that in homogeneous turbulence. This provides a generic explanation of the well-known yet elusive Dimits shift, which we find explicitly in the Terry-Horton limit. Linearly unstable tertiary modes either saturate due to the evolution of the zonal density or generate radially propagating structures when the shear |U^'| is sufficiently weakened by viscosity. The Dimits regime ends when such structures are generated continuously.Cold molecules provide an excellent platform for quantum information, cold chemistry, and precision measurement. Certain molecules have enhanced sensitivity to beyond standard model physics, such as the electron's electric dipole moment (eEDM). Molecular ions are easily trappable and are therefore particularly attractive for precision measurements where sensitivity scales with interrogation time. Here, we demonstrate a spin precession measurement with second-scale coherence at the quantum projection noise (QPN) limit with hundreds of trapped molecular ions, chosen for their sensitivity to the eEDM rather than their amenability to state control and readout. Orientation-resolved resonant photodissociation allows us to simultaneously measure two quantum states with opposite eEDM sensitivity, reaching the QPN limit and fully exploiting the high count rate and long coherence.
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