Notes

Any reflective procedure directed with a household physician to produce the renal-protection security device pertaining to HIV individuals newly began on dolutegravir.
ling also for foreign women, but the external evaluation of the interviews, and the regional data on adherence to the antenatal screening of foreign women, show many critical points. It becomes necessary to carry out further studies that investigate not only the counseling skills of midwives, but also the needs of assisted women about prenatal diagnosis.
In December 2019 in Wuhan, China, an outbreak related to a new Coronavirus (Covid-19) rapidly spread to other countries, including Italy, emerged. On 11 March 2020, the WHO declared a state of pandemic. During the ensuing health crisis, the media exposure of Italian nurses increased. The aim of this research was to investigate whether and how, during the pandemic, citizens' perceptions of nurses have changed, and if this change were related to the public image of health professionals provided by the mass media. Method A multi-centric quantitative exploratory study has been conducted. 2114 online questionnaires were analysed for residents of Italy, including health working but excluding the nurses themselves. The results obtained were compared with the results of the scientific literature.

Positive perceptions on the part of the citizens towards the nurses are evident, coming to define them "heroes", while discriminatory attitudes are rare. According to the participants, the mass media have conveyed a posien if a lack of knowledge has been highlighted in the training and care role of nurses. The opportunity should be taken by nurses to make well-know their role, promoting public communication, in order to make their image clearer and more truthful.
Expressive Writing (EW) is a useful tool for taking care of the person globally, and literature shows that self-care and self-awareness improve the coping skills of health professionals, positively increasing personal and professional satisfaction and reducing the negative aspects related to the profession, such as burnout. The objective of the research is to analyze the writings produced by healthcare professionals belonging to palliative care in a previous quantitative study to identify any changes between two sessions.

It is a longitudinal qualitative research with an interpretative phenomenological methodology of analysis of documents written by professionals. The study included 50 expressive writings 25 at Time 0 (T0) and 25 at Time 1 (T1). The analysis sample is composed of 25 professionals. All participants completed an Expressive Writing protocol homogeneous in procedure, mandate, and timing.

The study revealed a variation in contents from T0 to T1 highlighting both professional and intimate growth of the professionals. The practitioner appears more aware of working together to achieve a goal. Writing evolve as more spontaneous. Attention is focused on the relationship with the patient as an engine of personal and professional growth. The satisfaction is linked to the management of a complex case in its entirety.

The investigated instrument resulted in a beneficial change in the healthcare professionals involved. Writing helps to find strategies to take care of the other, improves communication, favors the sharing of experience with the other, increasing the awareness of limitations and strengths.
The investigated instrument resulted in a beneficial change in the healthcare professionals involved. Adenosine 5′-diphosphate concentration Writing helps to find strategies to take care of the other, improves communication, favors the sharing of experience with the other, increasing the awareness of limitations and strengths.
An evaluation of Covid-19 pandemic impact on emergency surgical activities at the CHU-RN in N'Djamena, Chad.

A retrospective study of patients admitted to the surgical emergency room during the first wave of the pandemic (April-June 2020). The data were compared to those of patients admitted during the same period in 2019 (control group). Results A total of 3248 patients were received 2366 in 2019 and 882 in 2020. Respective reduction of 50% of admissions and 31% of emergency operations were observed. The average age (30 years) and male predominance remained unchanged. The average admission time went from 72 hours in 2019 to 7 days in 2020. We also noticed that digestive emergencies, such as acute generalized peritonitis (6.6% vs 14.4%, p < 0.1) and strangulated hernias (6.6% vs 15.2% p 0.07) were more severe in 2020.

COVID-19 had reduced admissions and urgent surgical interventions.
COVID-19 had reduced admissions and urgent surgical interventions.
The roles of physicians and nurses have undergone profound changes in recent years, becoming more complex and creating, at times, overlapping competencies with consequent negative repercussions in terms of problems related to autonomy and inter-professional collaboration. The study aims to detect the opinions of intensive care physicians and nurses with respect to their skills and role expectations.

The study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, with a qualitative design, data were collected through the focus group. In the second phase, with quantitative design, an ad hoc questionnaire was constructed from the results of the previous phase. Results 3 main themes emerged from the focus groups the need to increase the system of inter-professional collaboration; autonomy and professional role; and the need for a shared advanced training system for physicians and nurses. The results of the questionnaire show that both professionals believe that the development of advanced skills does not lead to h professionals agree that it is useful and necessary to implement a shared educational pathway. Conclusion Inter-professional collaboration, specialist skills and specific training are a key element of the ICU teamwork.
diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease of the endocrine system, characterized by an increase in the concentration of glucose in the blood. For patients with diabetes, it is possible to cover the need for insulin through the use of an insulin pump, a subcutaneous implantable device, which aims to simulate the action of the Langherans islets. Therapy with an insulin pump allows patients who use it to have a greater flexibility in the long-term management of diabetes.

to investigate in the literature the perceptions and experiences of patients subjected to the use of the insulin pump.

this review was carried out using the international databases Pubmed, CINAHL and COCHRANE. The mesh terms "Insulin infusion system, attitude to health, experiences, emotions, perceptions, activities of daily living" were used combined with the Boolean operator AND. Age limits and language were set and literature was investigated from 2008 to 2018, respecting specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.

260 articles from the Pa. There are different expectations from patients and nurses. In addition to adequate training with respect to direct patient care, training is also required for nursing staff in emotional support and in technological development.This study aimed to systematically synthesize evidence regarding burnout and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among nurses engaged in the frontline during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting their risk and protective factors. The specific literature on nurses' mental health outcomes still remains not synthesized. A systematic review was performed (PROSPERO CRD42021227939), searching literature published in 2020 on Pubmed, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycInfo. We quantitatively pooled means of included studies measuring burnout and PTSD with the same tools. Twenty-five studies were included in this review. Seven (3766 nurses) were included in the meta-analysis for estimating means of depersonalization and emotional exhaustion assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, respectively 7,40 (95%CI=6,00-8,80) and 22,82 (95%CI=19,24-26,41). Likely, 12 studies were used to estimate two pooled means for PTSD, one for six studies adopting the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (1551 nurses), and six adopting the PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (8547 nurses). The main risk and protective factors of both outcomes were female sex and younger age, work-related variables, and physical and mental factors, such as concerns, skin lesions from wearing personal protective equipment. This systematic review portrayed the situation described in literature during 2020 on nurses' burnout and PTSD during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the outcomes' levels described in the included studies are diverse, the broad situation appears alarming, and supportive multi-level strategies, considering individual and system-level, should be planned to decrease the described worsening scenario within the clinical settings avoid middle and long-term negative consequences.
Ensuring vascular access in emergency conditions is critical. Peripheral venous catheters (CVP) are the most used devices in clinical practice, even though their positioning can result difficult, causing delay in life-support treatments with possible critical results. Ultrasounds allow you to view blood vessel in real time, for this reason they could result helpful during use. Another option for the vascular access can be intraosseous access (I.O.), by introducing a needle directly in the bone marrow cavity. This review aim is to examine what typology of vascular access is best for the drug delivery in emergency/urgency in international and national literature.

Bibliographical research was conducted by consulting the main biomedical databases through keywords and MESH terminology. In this review 21 articles published in the last 7 years have been included. They were published in English, Italian and French.

Contraindications and complications of I.O and of ultrasound-guided CVP positioning are limited. I.O access finding attempts are as fast as CVP positioning attempts but with a higher chance of success. Furthermore, ultrasound-guided CVP insertion is more comfortable for patients, it minimizes delays in medical treatment and it guarantees a better healthcare, with high percentage of right venous catheter placement.

Intraosseous access is recommended for severely compromised patients; the ultrasound guide is a very useful tool when peripheral vascular areas are difficult to detect with only the palpation, it would be more appropriate in situations of urgency than that of emergency.
Intraosseous access is recommended for severely compromised patients; the ultrasound guide is a very useful tool when peripheral vascular areas are difficult to detect with only the palpation, it would be more appropriate in situations of urgency than that of emergency.The community of the entire planet is still grappling with the management of the Sars-CoV-19 pandemic and in some countries the spread of the infection is as serious as it was in Italy in the first months of 2020. In this issue of the magazine Kalli M et al. describe the situation in Chad.[...].Describing the location of EEG abnormalities, such as interictal epileptiform discharges, is an important step in the interpretation of EEG recordings and has clinical relevance, as it is expected to point out the region of the brain generating these abnormal signals. Traditionally, the location is reported by specifying the area on the scalp where maximum negativity is located. However, this only reflects the correct localization in the brain when the cortical generator is located on the convexity (radial orientation). When the cortical generator is in the wall of a sulcus (tangential orientation), due to current flow (volume conduction), the maximum negativity is not over the generator, but at a distance from it. Voltage maps are widely available in most EEG reader software programs. Simple rules for reading voltage maps help to estimate the orientation and location of the source in the brain, avoiding false lateralization and false localization. In this seminar in epileptology, using a didactic approach, we explain how to read voltage maps and provide an atlas of voltage maps.
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