Notes

Concentrating on DNAJC19 overcomes tumor development along with lungs metastasis in NSCLC through regulating PI3K/AKT signaling.
, and
amplification/mutation showed tendency toward mutual exclusivity. Copy-number alteration load was associated with likelihood to recur. Mutational signatures were dominated by aging and APOBEC activation and lacked evidence of ultraviolet radiation. HER2 IHC/fluorescence
analysis validated
amplification but was underpowered to detect mutations. Tumor heterogeneity in terms of
amplification status was observed in some cases.

Our comprehensive, unbiased analysis shows EMPD is characterized by alterations involving the PI3K-AKT pathway. EMPD is distinct from other skin cancers in both molecular pathways altered and etiology behind mutagenesis.
Our comprehensive, unbiased analysis shows EMPD is characterized by alterations involving the PI3K-AKT pathway. EMPD is distinct from other skin cancers in both molecular pathways altered and etiology behind mutagenesis.
Radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy is a mainstay of treatment for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but no predictive markers are currently available to select patients who will benefit from these therapies. In this study, we investigated the association between alterations in
/LKB1, the second most common tumor suppressor in NSCLC, and response to radiotherapy as well as potential therapeutic approaches to improve outcomes.

We conducted a retrospective analysis of 194 patients with stage I-III NSCLC, including 164 stage III patients bearing mutant or wild-type
/LKB1 treated with radiotherapy, and assessed locoregional recurrence (LRR), distant metastasis rates, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS), and we investigated the causal role of LKB1 in mediating radiotherapy resistance using isogenic pairs of NSCLC cell lines with LKB1 loss or gain.

In stage III patients, with 4 years median follow-up,
/LKB1 mutations were associated with higher LRR (
= 0.0108), and shorter DFS (HR 2.530,
= 0.0029) and OS (HR 2.198,
= 0.0263). LKB1 loss promoted relative resistance to radiotherapy, which was dependent on the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway for redox homeostasis. Suppression of the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway via KEAP1 expression, or pharmacologic blockade of glutaminase (GLS) 1 sensitized LKB1-deficient tumors to radiotherapy.

These data provide evidence that LKB1 loss is associated with LRR and poor clinical outcomes in patients with NSCLC treated with radiotherapy and that targeting the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway or GLS inhibition are potential approaches to radiosensitize LKB1-deficient tumors.
These data provide evidence that LKB1 loss is associated with LRR and poor clinical outcomes in patients with NSCLC treated with radiotherapy and that targeting the KEAP1/NRF2 pathway or GLS inhibition are potential approaches to radiosensitize LKB1-deficient tumors.
High-grade serous epithelial ovarian cancer (HGS-EOC) is defined by high levels of somatic copy-number alterations (SCNA) with marked spatial and temporal tumor heterogeneity. Biomarkers serving to monitor drug response and detect disease recurrence are lacking, a fact which reflects an unmet clinical need.

A total of 185 plasma samples and 109 matched tumor biopsies were collected from 46 patients with HGS-EOC, and analyzed by shallow whole-genome sequencing (sWGS). The percentage of tumor fraction (TF) in the plasma was used to study the biological features of the disease at the time of diagnosis (T0) and correlated with patients' survival. Longitudinal analysis of TF was correlated with CA-125 levels and radiological images to monitor disease recurrence.

Gain in the clonal regions,
and
, was observed in the 87.8% and 78.05% of plasma samples, suggesting that plasma sWGS mirrors solid biopsies. α-Conotoxin GI At T0, multivariate analysis revealed that plasma TF levels were an independent prognostic marker of relapse (
< 0.022). After platinum (Pt)-based treatment, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis showed a change in the heterogeneous pattern of genomic amplification, including an increased frequency of amplification, compared with before Pt-based treatment in the
and
regions. TF in serially collected ctDNA samples outperformed CA-125 in anticipating clinical and radiological progression by 240 days (range, 37-491).

Our results support the notion that sWGS is an inexpensive and useful tool for the genomic analysis of ctDNA in patients with HGS-EOC to monitor disease evolution and to anticipate relapse better than serum CA-125, the routinely used clinical biomarker.
.
Our results support the notion that sWGS is an inexpensive and useful tool for the genomic analysis of ctDNA in patients with HGS-EOC to monitor disease evolution and to anticipate relapse better than serum CA-125, the routinely used clinical biomarker.See related commentary by Dhani, p. 2372.
Whole-exome (WES) and RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) are key components of cancer immunogenomic analyses. To evaluate the consistency of tumor WES and RNA-seq profiling platforms across different centers, the Cancer Immune Monitoring and Analysis Centers (CIMACs) and the Cancer Immunologic Data Commons (CIDC) conducted a systematic harmonization study.

DNA and RNA were centrally extracted from fresh frozen (FF) and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) tumors and distributed to three centers for WES and RNA-seq profiling. In addition, two 10-plex HapMap cell-line pools with known mutations were used to evaluate the accuracy of the WES platforms.

The WES platforms achieved high precision (> 0.98) and recall (> 0.87) on the HapMap pools when evaluated on loci using > 50X common coverage. Non-synonymous mutations clustered by tumor sample, achieving an Index of Specific Agreement above 0.67 among replicates, centers, and sample processing. A DV200 > 24% for RNA, as a putative pre-sequencing RNA quality control (QC) metric, was found to be a reliable threshold for generating consistent expression readouts in RNA-seq and NanoString data. MedTIN > 30 was likewise assessed as a reliable RNA-seq QC metric, above which samples from the same tumor across replicates, centers, and sample processing runs could be robustly clustered and HLA typing, immune infiltration, and immune repertoire inference could be performed.

The CIMAC collaborating laboratory platforms effectively generated consistent WES and RNA-seq data and enable robust cross-trial comparisons and meta-analyses of highly complex immuno-oncology biomarker data across the NCI CIMAC-CIDC Network.
The CIMAC collaborating laboratory platforms effectively generated consistent WES and RNA-seq data and enable robust cross-trial comparisons and meta-analyses of highly complex immuno-oncology biomarker data across the NCI CIMAC-CIDC Network.
Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/alpha-conotoxin-gi.html