Notes

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catabolism into TCA cycle intermediates.
In this study we hypothesize that depression is associated with perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction and altered quality of life one month after surgery.

Data were obtained as part of a study evaluating cerebral autoregulation monitoring for targeting arterial pressure during cardiopulmonary bypass. Neuropsychological testing was performed before surgery and one month postoperatively. Testing included the Beck Depression Inventory, a depression symptoms questionnaire (0-63 scale), as well as anxiety and quality of life assessments. Depression was defined as a Beck Depression Inventory score > 13.

Beck Depression data were available from 320 patients of whom cognitive domain endpoints were available from 88-98% at baseline and 69-79% after surgery. This range in end-points data was due to variability in the availability of each neuropsychological test results between patients. Depression was present in 50 (15.6%) patients before surgery and in 43 (13.4%) after surgery. Baseline depression was not quality of life.

www.

gov, NCT00981474 (parent study).
gov, NCT00981474 (parent study).
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can be a curative treatment for malignant and nonmalignant diseases in children but is associated with significant late effects including growth failure. Growth hormone treatment (GHRx) is offered to improve growth, but limited data are available on its effect on adult height (AH). We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of GHRx.

Single-center retrospective study.

Thirty-four patients who had received GHRx for ≥1 year were matched with two controls each, without GHRx, based on sex, indication for HSCT (malignancy, benign haematological disease or immunodeficiency), age at HSCT and conditioning with/without total body irradiation (TBI). All had reached AH.

The primary outcome measure was the difference between AH and predicted AH (PAH) at start of GHRx or the equivalent age in controls (AH-PAH), calculated according to Bailey and Pinneau.

GHRx was started at age 12.0 ± 2.6 years; median treatment duration was 3.8 years (range 1.7-9.2). AH-PAHstandard deviation score (SDS) was significantly higher in growth hormone (GH) treated boys (-0.5 ± 0.7 SDS) than in controls (-1.5 ± 1.0 SDS, p < .001). Girls also had a higher AH-PAH after GHRx (+0.5 ± 0.6 SDS) compared to controls (-0.2 SDS ±0.7, p < .01). AH remained approximately 2 SDS below target height (TH) in treated and untreated individuals. Among GH-treated children, AH-PAH was higher in those who had received busulfan-based compared to TBI-based conditioning.

GHRx had a significant positive effect on AH compared to PAH, although AH remained far below TH. Higher AH-PAH was observed in girls and in those conditioned without TBI.
GHRx had a significant positive effect on AH compared to PAH, although AH remained far below TH. Higher AH-PAH was observed in girls and in those conditioned without TBI.The fall experiences of older adults living alone lead to restrictions in their social participation. This study aimed to examine the factors that influence functional disability in social participation (FSP) among older adults who live alone and have experienced falls. This study used secondary data of 493 older adults living alone who experienced a fall, which were collected from the 2017 National Survey of Older Koreans. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed. Factors, such as old age, sex, economic status, frequency of drinking, and number of acquaintances, significantly related to functional disability in terms of social participation. In addition, poor muscle strength, depression, and cognitive decline comprised predictors of FSP. The findings of this study revealed that it is important to comprehensively evaluate the social participation of older adults who live alone and have experienced falls.The process of communicating a diagnosis of an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) stands out as the first important factor when confronting parents with such a diagnosis for their child. The situation in which a child is diagnosed with ASD is viewed as certainly one of the most stressful moments for parents. Previous research has indicated several factors that affect the positivity of parents' experiences. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine the experiences of parents in the Republic of Croatia concerning the process of communicating a diagnosis of ASD to them and to show the satisfaction level of parents with the characteristics of this procedure. The study involved 52 parents of children who were either suspected of having or diagnosed with ASD. For the purposes of the research, a questionnaire was constructed. The results showed a relatively high degree of parental satisfaction with the process of communicating a diagnosis of ASD. A significant correlation was found between parental satisfaction and the presence of positive characteristics in both the diagnostic process and communicating the diagnosis. However, the results also indicated that there is much room for improvement regarding the conditions and manner of expressing this unwanted news.Decades of research into the topic of oral nanoparticle (NP) delivery has still not provided a clear consensus regarding which properties produce an effective oral drug delivery system. The surface properties-charge and bioadhesiveness-as well as in vitro and in vivo correlation seem to generate the greatest number of disagreements within the field. CP-690550 Herein, a mechanism underlying the in vivo behavior of NPs is proposed, which bridges the gaps between these disagreements. The mechanism relies on the idea of biocoating-the coating of NPs with mucus-which alters their surface properties, and ultimately their systemic uptake. Utilizing this mechanism, several coated NPs are tested in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo, and biocoating is found to affect NPs size, zeta-potential, mucosal diffusion coefficient, the extent of aggregation, and in vivo/in vitro/ex vivo correlation. Based on these results, low molecular weight polylactic acid exhibits a 21-fold increase in mucosal diffusion coefficient after precoating as compared to uncoated particles, as well as 20% less aggregation, and about 30% uptake to the blood in vivo. These discoveries suggest that biocoating reduces negative NP charge which results in an enhanced mucosal diffusion rate, increased gastrointestinal retention time, and high systemic uptake.
The dynamic nature of intellectual disability necessitates repeated screening.

The functional screening tool (FST-ID) for individuals with intellectual disabilities was carefully constructed.

The FST-ID General Adaptive Composite score (GAC) runs between 0 and 68 points. Criterion validity-high-positive correlations were found between FST-ID and ABAS-II (Gold standard), and between the severity of the intellectual disability and the FST-ID (r=0.78, p < .001). The scale holds high-internal consistency and intra- and inter-rater reliability values. The cut-off point between mild and moderate disability is 50.4 (Sensitivity 87%, Specificity 86%, p< .001) and 29.4 between moderate to severe-profound (Sensitivity 96%, Specificity 94%, p< .001).

The FST-ID presents high-psychometric properties and requires less than 5 min to complete. Using this tool may support efficient screening practices and improved supports for adults with intellectual disability.
The FST-ID presents high-psychometric properties and requires less than 5 min to complete. Using this tool may support efficient screening practices and improved supports for adults with intellectual disability.In an endeavor to identify potent anti-inflammatory agents, new thiosemicarbazones (TSCs) incorporated into a diaryl ether framework (2a-2l) were prepared and screened for their in vitro inhibitory effects on cyclooxygenases (COXs). 4-[4-(Piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl]-1-[4-(4-cyanophenoxy)benzylidene]thiosemicarbazide (2c) was the most potent and selective COX-1 inhibitor in this series, with an IC50 value of 1.89 ± 0.04 µM. On the other hand, 4-[4-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenyl]-1-[4-(4-nitrophenoxy)benzylidene]thiosemicarbazide (2b) was identified as a nonselective COX inhibitor (COX-1 IC50  = 13.44 ± 0.65 µM, COX-2 IC50  = 12.60 ± 0.78 µM). Based on molecular docking studies, the diaryl ether and the TSC groups serve as crucial moieties for interactions with pivotal amino acid residues in the active sites of COXs. According to MTT test, compounds 2b and 2c showed low cytotoxic activity toward NIH/3T3 cells. Their in vivo anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potencies were also assessed using the lipopolysaccharide-induced sepsis model. Compounds 2b and 2c diminished high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde levels. Both compounds also caused a significant decrease in aspartate aminotransferase levels as well as alanine aminotransferase levels. In silico pharmacokinetic studies suggest that compounds 2b and 2c possess favorable drug-likeness and oral bioavailability. It can be concluded that these compounds may act as orally bioavailable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents.Side-chain engineering has been proved to show profound impact on polymer properties and blend morphology. Herein, the critical role of siloxane-terminated alkoxy side chains was revealed by a tiny decorating method through which the molar content of siloxane-terminated alkoxy side chain was fixed to 5 %, and its alkyl linker was the only tuning factor. The pentylene, heptylene, and nonylene linkers were designed and used to synthesize wide-bandgap polymers PQSi505, PQSi705, and PQSi905, respectively. Interestingly, the siloxane pendant of combinatory side chain exhibited a distinct impact on molecular packing when its branching position shifted slightly. Among the three polymers, PQSi705 had the strongest aggregation and the highest packing order. Finally, toluene-processed organic solar cells (OSCs) based on PQSi705 and Y6-BO achieved the best power conversion efficiency of 15.77 %. This work suggests that siloxane pendant can serve as a powerful modulator to enhance the photovoltaic performance of OSCs.Hypoxia, as a characteristic feature of solid tumors, has a close relationship with tumor resistance to photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemotherapy. Perfluorocarbon (PFC) is reported to relieve hypoxic in solid tumors by acting as an oxygen carrier via several nanostructures. However, the oxygen delivery process is mostly driven by a concentration gradient, which is uncontrollable. Herein, a photothermally controlled "oxygen bomb" PSPP-Au980 -D is designed by encapsulating a PFC core within a functionalized bilayer polymer shell. Near-infrared second window photothermal agent gold nanorods with excellent photo-to-heat energy-conversion ability are fabricated on the surface of the polymer shell via an innovative modified two-step seedless ex situ growth process to thermally trigger O2 release. Then, a programmed cascade therapy strategy is customized for hypoxic orthotopic pancreatic cancer. First, PSPP-Au980 -D is irradiated by a 980 nm laser to photothermally trigger O2 infusing into the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, which is accompanied by local hyperemia and doxorubicin release.
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