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Bone tissue Ingrowth About an Uncemented Femoral Implant Employing Mechanoregulatory Formula: The Multiscale Limited Component Investigation.
In domestic goats, the polled intersex syndrome (PIS) refers to XX female-to-male sex reversal associated with the absence of horn growth (polled). The causal variant was previously reported as a 11.7 kb deletion at approximately 129 Mb on chromosome 1 that affects the transcription of both FOXL2 and several long non-coding RNAs. In the meantime the presence of different versions of the PIS deletion was postulated and trials to establish genetic testing with the existing molecular genetic information failed. Therefore, we revisited this variant by long-read whole-genome sequencing of two genetically female (XX) goats, a PIS-affected and a horned control. This revealed the presence of a more complex structural variant consisting of a deletion with a total length of 10 159 bp and an inversely inserted approximately 480 kb-sized duplicated segment of a region located approximately 21 Mb further downstream on chromosome 1 containing two genes, KCNJ15 and ERG. Publicly available short-read whole-genome sequencing data, Sanger sequencing of the breakpoints and FISH using BAC clones corresponding to both involved genome regions confirmed this structural variant. A diagnostic PCR was developed for simultaneous genotyping of carriers for this variant and determination of their genetic sex. We showed that the variant allele was present in all 334 genotyped polled goats of diverse breeds and that all analyzed 15 PIS-affected XX goats were homozygous. Our findings enable for the first time a precise genetic diagnosis for polledness and PIS in goats and add a further genomic feature to the complexity of the PIS phenomenon. © 2020 Stichting International Foundation for Animal Genetics.BACKGROUND Behçet's disease (BD) is a rare, multisystem vasculitis disease characterized by recurrent orogenital ulcerations with its etiology remained unclear. The transcription factor p53 has been reported to be upregulated in some autoimmune diseases, such as lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, and psoriasis. However, little is known about its alteration in BD. METHODS Keratinocyte cultures of both skin and oral origins were treated sera of 18 Behcet patients for 24 hours and analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence for p53 expression. The specificity of p53 expression was confirmed by siRNA-mediated p53 knockdown and the serum IgG removal studies. The expression of p53 levels was quantitatively analyzed with ImageJ. RESULTS It was shown that the expression of p53 is increased in skin and oral keratinocyte cell lines, in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of cells treated with patient sera compared to controls. Either p53 knockdown or IgG removal results in a reduction of p53 levels relative to cells treated with patient sera without p53 knockdown or IgG depletion. CONCLUSIONS This in vitro study provides the first evidence that BD sera can induce the p53 expression in keratinocytes that may have implications in Behcet pathogenesis. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.BACKGROUND In 2015, a previously unrecognized intracytoplasmic erythrocytic inclusion was discovered in anemic wild-caught adult gopher tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus). Subsequently, molecular diagnostics revealed this inclusion to be a novel Anaplasma sp. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to morphologically characterize these erythrocytic inclusions by light and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). METHODS Blood samples were taken from two car-injured wild-caught gopher tortoises for the preparation of Wright-Giemsa stained smears and TEM specimens. CBC data were serially performed and morphologically examined during treatment periods. RESULTS Studies revealed a moderate to severe anemia with moderate regeneration as indicated by polychromasia and the presence of immature erythroid precursors. In addition, on light microscopy, one to two variably-sized round basophilic stippled paracentral erythrocytic inclusions were present per cell in both animals and involved 10%-25% of erythrocytes. TEM identified the intraerythrocytic inclusions as discrete membrane-bound cytoplasmic vacuoles (morulae) containing membrane-bound bacterial subunits that were of variable size, shape, and electron density. Serial hematologic data indicated complete remission of the infection in response to a single long-term course of doxycycline. CONCLUSIONS The presence of a regenerative anemia in gopher tortoises from Florida revealed a newly recognized bacterial species that has morphologic characteristics similar to members of the genus Anaplasma. © 2020 American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology.Direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) represent a class of drugs targeting viral proteins and have been demonstrated to be very successful in combating viral infections in clinic. However, DAAs suffer from several inherent limitations, including narrow-spectrum antiviral profiles and liability to drug resistance, and hence there are still unmet needs in the treatment of viral infections. check details In comparison, host targeting antivirals (HTAs) target host factors for antiviral treatment. Since host proteins are probably broadly required for various viral infections, HTAs are not only perceived, but also demonstrated to exhibit broad-spectrum antiviral activities. In addition, host proteins are not under the genetic control of viral genome, and hence HTAs possess much higher genetic barrier to drug resistance as compared with DAAs. In recent years, much progress has been made to the development of HTAs with the approval of chemokine receptor type 5 antagonist maraviroc for human immunodeficiency virus treatment and more in the pipeline for other viral infections. In this review, we summarize various host proteins as antiviral targets from a medicinal chemistry prospective. Challenges and issues associated with HTAs are also discussed. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.This paper presents the application of the discrete dielectrophoretic force to separate polystyrene particles from red blood cells. The separation process employs a simple microfluidic device that is composed of interdigitated electrodes and a microchannel. The discrete dielectrophoretic force is generated by adjusting the duty cycle of the applied voltage. The electrodes make a tilt angle with the microchannel to change the moving direction of the red blood cells. By adjusting the voltage magnitude and duty cycle, we investigate the deflection of red blood cells and the variation of cell velocity along electrode edge under positive dielectrophoresis. The experiments with polystyrene particles show that the enrichment of the particles is greater than 150 times. The maximum separation efficiency is 97% for particle-to-cell number ratio equal to 12000 in the sample having high cell concentration. Using the appropriate applied voltage magnitude and duty cycle, the discrete dielectrophoretic force can prevent the clogging of microchannel while successfully separating the particles from the cells with high enrichment and efficiency.
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