Notes

Recent Improvements from the Specialized medical Translation of Rubber Fluoride Acceptor (SiFA) 18F-Radiopharmaceuticals.
Thermal hygienization of waste animal by-products (ABP) before anaerobic digestion is imposed by EU regulations in order to minimize its sanitary risk during digestate land application. This process is energy and time consuming. The present paper deals with the hygienization of ABP using pulsed electric field (PEF) in a continuous system. Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 were tested as indicator bacteria characterizing the microbial inactivation efficiency. Four electric field strengths (15, 20, 25 and 30 kV∙cm-1) were applied to the continuous treatment chamber where circulated the ABP suspension. Synergistic effect of PEF and ohmic heating (Tave = 41 °C) and single effect of PEF (Tave = 28 °C) on bacterial inactivation were investigated. With the effect of ohmic heating, PEF treatment at 25 and 30 kV∙cm-1 for 0.9 ms could obtain 5-log10 reduction of Ent. faecalis. This efficiency complies with the EU criteria to validate an alternative hygienization process. The time estimated by Weibull model for 5-log10 reduction of both indicator bacteria (5-D value) was significantly reduced by 2-24.5 times when the synergistic effect of PEF and ohmic heating was present. The increase in electric field strength from 25 kV∙cm-1 to 30 kV∙cm-1 did not amount to a further inactivation. PEF process coupling ohmic heating at 25 kV∙cm-1 was the most efficient for ABP hygienization among the four electric field strengths studied.
This study aimed to identify, describe and analyze priority areas for COVID-19 testing combining participatory surveillance and traditional surveillance.

It was carried out a descriptive transversal study in the city of Caruaru, Pernambuco state, Brazil, within the period of 20/02/2020 to 05/05/2020. Data included all official reports for influenza-like illness notified by the municipality health department and the self-reports collected through the participatory surveillance platform Brasil Sem Corona.

We used linear regression and loess regression to verify a correlation between Participatory Surveillance (PS) and Traditional Surveillance (TS). Also a spatial scanning approach was deployed in order to identify risk clusters for COVID-19.

In Caruaru, the PS had 861 active users, presenting an average of 1.2 reports per user per week. The platform Brasil Sem Corona started on March 20th and since then, has been officially used by the Caruaru health authority to improve the quality of information from the traditional surveillance system. Regarding the respiratory syndrome cases from TS, 1588 individuals were positive for this clinical outcome. The spatial scanning analysis detected 18 clusters and 6 of them presented statistical significance (p-value < 0.1). Clusters 3 and 4 presented an overlapping area that was chosen by the local authority to deploy the COVID-19 serology, where 50 individuals were tested. From there, 32 % (n = 16) presented reagent results for antibodies related to COVID-19.

Participatory surveillance is an effective epidemiological method to complement the traditional surveillance system in response to the COVID-19 pandemic by adding real-time spatial data to detect priority areas for COVID-19 testing.
Participatory surveillance is an effective epidemiological method to complement the traditional surveillance system in response to the COVID-19 pandemic by adding real-time spatial data to detect priority areas for COVID-19 testing.
Congenital fibrinogen disorders are characterized by heterogeneous clinical manifestations with mutations in the fibrinogen gene cluster. We aimed to describe the molecular genetics and clinical manifestations of fibrinogen abnormalities and perform genotype-phenotype correlations.

Genetic analysis of fibrinogen genes was performed by direct sequencing. The effect of the specific missense variants on fibrinogen structure and function was analyzed using PROVEAN and PolyPhen-2 algorithms and was predicted by protein modeling.

Thirteen mutations, including five novel mutations, were identified in the three fibrinogen genes. There was poor correlation between genotypes and phenotypes. All but one of the novel mutations in subjects were predicted to be deleterious. Protein modeling predicted that multiple ienteractions with surrounding residues for novel variants were likely to result in congenital fibrinogen disorders.

This study in a relatively large cohort of Chinese patients with congenital fibrinogen disorders enabled the identification of five new fibrinogen missense mutations. In silico modeling may represent a valuable tool for understanding amino acid residues from novel variants leading to congenital fibrinogen disorders, but it should be followed by functional studies. Clinical presentation of fibrinogen disorders was variable, possibly due to genetic and environmental modifiers.
This study in a relatively large cohort of Chinese patients with congenital fibrinogen disorders enabled the identification of five new fibrinogen missense mutations. In silico modeling may represent a valuable tool for understanding amino acid residues from novel variants leading to congenital fibrinogen disorders, but it should be followed by functional studies. Clinical presentation of fibrinogen disorders was variable, possibly due to genetic and environmental modifiers.The organisation of the forensic chain, from scene of crime up to the court house, has in most countries hardly evolved with the societal needs as well as with the scientific developments. It can be expected that the forensic possibilities will be strongly enlarged in the coming years, based on the current scientific evolution. This combined with the reduction of the operating funds most laboratories are experiencing highlights the need to reflect on the way the forensic chain and its providers are organized. In this paper, we will present a model based on a cost-balanced approach and distributed competences. Specialized forensic disciplines or techniques are either made available in single points of operation, through buying in services from external providers or through international collaboration with other forensic laboratories. Different ways for implementing the international exchange are discussed. see more A comparison is made with the collaboration of the metrological laboratories over the world which could serve as a template for the implementation of the forensic structure.
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