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Taxus yunnanensis genome delivers observations in to gymnosperm phylogeny along with taxol creation.
6% of the study group had positive attitude towards hmis which increased to 59.2% after the intervention (p-value 0.414). In the control group, it decreased from 59.2% at baseline to 58.3% at end line (p-value 0.117). The changes in attitude in both groups were, however, not statistically significant. CONCLUSION This study showed that HMIS training intervention achieved a significant improvement in knowledge and a marginal improvement in the attitude of phc workers. Thus, the training intervention was effective in improving the knowledge and attitude towards hmis in the study group.BACKGROUND Trauma in developing countries has assumed an epidemic proportion and is now a public health problem. This is largely due to the rising incidence of road traffic crashes (RTC), increasing urbanization, industrialization and armed conflicts including terrorism fuelled by political, ethnic and religious factors in most developing countries. Unfortunately, this public health menace has not gotten the attention it deserves from the governments of the low-income countries, global non-governmental organisations and the mass media compared to the infectious diseases. METHODS This was a 2-year retrospective cohort study of trauma patients who presented to our emergency department and died within 72 hours of admission. Syrosingopine mw RESULTS Within the period, a total of 6,858 patients, consisting of 2,228 trauma patients were admitted into our emergency department. Out of the trauma admissions, 256 patients died; giving a mortality rate of 11.5%. However, only 237 of the dead patients' case files could be reviewed. There were 195 (82.3%) males and 42 (17.7%) females. Majority of the deaths were in the age group 31 years - 45 years, with a mean age of 33.6 years. Road traffic crash was the most common cause of trauma deaths, 194 (81.9%); followed by flame burn, 15 (6.3%). Traumatic brain injury with or without other associated lesser injuries was the predominant diagnosis at presentation, 157 (66.2%). Most of the patients presented within 4 hours of their injuries, 136 (57.4%). Majority of the patients were brought to hospital by other road users, 133 (56.1%); and commercial bus was the commonest mode of transportation of the patients to the hospital, 102 (43.1%). CONCLUSION The trauma mortality rate in our emergency department calls for urgent intervention measures. Critical amongst them is the need for establishment of a trauma system with an efficient pre-hospital emergency medical service component in our region.BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory, itchy skin condition that develops in early childhood in the majority of cases. It is typically an episodic disease of exacerbations and remissions, except for severe cases where it may be continuous. In children younger than one, the face and extensor surfaces of the hands and legs are typically involved, and in some case the trunk as well. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, pattern, and sites of atopic dermatitis among children aged 6 months to 14 years, as well as document the full blood count picture with emphasis on the eosinophil count as a correlate in predicting atopic dermatitis. METHODS This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of 490 eligible children recruited using the systematic random sampling technique. The data collected was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences, version 22 (SPSS 22 Chicago, Illinois, USA). RESULTS The prevalence of AD from this study was 9.8% using the Hanifin and Rajka criteria, with the age group less then 5 years having the highest prevalence of 47.9% and it was more common in males than in females 64.6% and 35.4% respectively. The commonest site of affectation was the face and extensor surface (100.0%; 95.8% respectively). In terms of the severity of AD using the TIS score, majority were in the moderate category (81.3%). Mean Eosinophil count was 8.75% ±5.90. There was a statistical significant association between absence of AD and elevated absolute eosinophil count (P=0.015). CONCLUSION The study highlights that the prevalence of atopic dermatitis among children 6 months to 14 years based on major Hanifin and Rajka Criteria is 9.8%. Individuals with AD are unlikely to have elevated absolute eosinophil count.BACKGROUND Variable intestinal segments of children may need resection due to congenital or acquired conditions. Resection is done when these intestinal segments are nonviable or dysfunctional. In HICs most resections are for congenital conditions while in LMICs acquired and largely preventable conditions predominate.The spectrum of acquired intestinal conditions leading to bowel resection may also vary between HICs and LMICs. OBJECTIVES To determine the indications, types and outcomes of intestinal resection for acquired conditions in children. METHODS A retrospective review of pediatric bowel resections from acquired anomalies over a 10-year period in a tertiary hospital. Data entry and analysis done using SPSS. Fisher's exact test was used to assess level of significance for categorical variables and p-value of less then 0.05 was adjudged significant. Results are presented as means±SD, ratios, percentages and tables. RESULTS Fifty-nine males and thirty-three females with a median age of 8 months were recruited. Complicated intussusceptions and right hemicolectomy were the most common indication and procedure respectively. Proportion of right hemicolectomies was more in infants than older children (p=0.0103) while ileal resection was higher in older children (p less then 0.001). Post-operative complications were seen in 35.8% and mortality rate was 8.7%. CONCLUSION Complicated intussusception is the main acquired indication for intestinal resection. Right hemicolectomies and ileal resections were done mainly during infancy and beyond infancy respectively.BACKGROUND Childhood mortality is a serious public health concern. Periodic assessment of its trend is important in evaluating the pattern and planning intervention strategies. OBJECTIVE The study aimed at evaluating the childhood mortality ( less then 18 years) in Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. METHODS This is a descriptive retrospective study from 1st January, 2016 to 31st December, 2018 using mortality data from the institution. RESULTS A total of 1,692 children were admitted during the study period, out of which 203 died, giving a mortality rate of 12%. They were composed of 126 males and 77 females with a mean age of 17.5 months. Neonates, children aged between 28 days and 1 year, between 12 months and 5 years and between 5 years and 18 years accounted for 46.8%, 14.3%, 16.3%, and 22.7% of the cases respectively. Sepsis, prematurity, birth asphyxia, congenital anomalies and bilirubin encephalopathy accounted for 30 (31.6%), 22 (23.2%), 15 (15.8%), 13(13.7%) and 5 (5.3%) of the cases respectively. Septicemia (31.0%) and bronchopneumonia (13.9%) were the leading causes of infant death. Leading causes of under-5 mortality (excluding infants) include burns, malaria, anemia/anemic heart failure, traumatic injury, meningitis and pneumonia, accounting for 18.2%, 18.2%, 12.1%, 12.1%, 9.1% and 9.1% of the cases respectively. Among children 5-18 years, meningitis/encephalitis, malignancies, renal disease, road traffic accident (RTA) and burns accounted for 9(19.6%), 8 (17.4%), 4 (8.7%), 4 (8.7%) and 3 (6.5%) cases respectively. CONCLUSION We observed excess of male mortality, with neonates being the most vulnerable. These deaths are attributed to preventable causes. There is need to intensify intervention programmes to reverse this trend.BACKGROUND There are few reports on socioeconomic status (SES) of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Nigeria and indeed Africa, South of the Sahara. Identifying SES as an important factor for disability in people with CKD would provide a means for early identification of those at risk and, possible intervention. OBJECTIVE To determine the SES of CKD patients attending renal clinic in the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital. METHODS Cross-sectional descriptive design was adopted using pretested questionnaire to elicit data on SES (age, place of residence, household asset ownership, source of drinking water; source of cooking energy; and type of toilet facility) from one hundred and forty-five (145) CKD patients attending renal clinic in the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital. Principal component analysis was used to classify the SES into five quintiles. RESULTS Majority of the respondents (patients) in stages 4 and 5 CKD, constituting 17.2% and 39.3% respectively were from the lower SES. There was significant correlation between SES and age of the patients; place of residence; hypertension history; ownership of some household assets; source of drinking water; source of cooking energy; and type of toilet facility. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that many of our patients were from the lower SES. It is recommended that both governmental and non-governmental agencies should help these patients with some form of health insurance to alleviate their healthcare cost burden.BACKGROUND Colorectal carcinoma is the third most common cancer worldwide. With the push towards targeted therapy in the management of metastatic colorectal carcinoma using anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody, this study aimed to determine the rate of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) expression in Colorectal Carcinoma, compare the clinicopathological features with the EGFR status and determine if EGFR expression in colorectal carcinoma is of any prognostic significance. MATERIALS AND METHODS The clinical and demographic data of 54 patients who had colectomy specimens sent to the Pathology Department at the UCH, Ibadan were reviewed to confirm the diagnosis, tumour grade and other clinico-pathological parameters. EGFR expression was assessed on the archival Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) blocks using immunohistochemical staining technique. Pearson's chi square test was used to correlate the EGFR status and the clinicopathological features of the tumour. RESULTS Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor was expressed in 85.2% of colorectal carcinoma cases. There was an association between EGFR status, depth of tumour invasion and tumour size having P value of 0.05 and 0.043 respectively but there was no association with other clinicopathological parameters. There was no correlation between intensity of staining, percentage of tumour stained and clinicopathological parameters. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that most cases of colorectal carcinoma diagnosed in the University College Hospital, Ibadan, in the study period showed expression for EGFR. We found that there was an association between depth tumour invasion and tumour size with EGFR expression, suggesting that most EGFR positive colorectal carcinomas are large and show deeper invasion by the tumours. Thus, EGFR positive tumours most likely have poor prognosis.BACKGROUND There is a global rise in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes is a fore-runner to type-2 diabetes. Pre-diabetes is reversible, therefore, measures should be taken to halt or slow down its progression to frank diabetes. AIM The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes amongst staff of ABUTH, Zaria and identify some cardiovascular risks associated with them. METHODS A cross-sectional analytical study carried out on 377 healthcare workers who presented at the Medical out-patient department of ABUTH, Zaria in response to an invitation for the 2017 World Diabetes Day free medical screening. HbA1c was assessed via Immunofluorescence method. The difference in HbA1c amongst healthcare workers was determined by One-way Analysis of Variance with Post-hoc Bonferroni test. Cardiovascular risk associations were assessed via Multiple Binary Logistic Regression. RESULTS Pre-diabetes and diabetes prevalence were 19.4% and 6.5% respectively. There were 28.6% undiagnosed diabetic healthcare workers.
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