Notes

The role of earth within regulation of water and seaside h2o quality.
0 mm, and the mean cranio-caudal size was 7 ± 2.7 mm.

Coronoid fractures regularly include the lesser sigmoid notch. These injuries possibly affect the anterior annular ligament insertion which is important for the stability of the proximal radioulnar joint and varus stability of the elbow.
Coronoid fractures regularly include the lesser sigmoid notch. These injuries possibly affect the anterior annular ligament insertion which is important for the stability of the proximal radioulnar joint and varus stability of the elbow.
Intensive research has been conducted on the effects of toxic and trace elements on pregnancy. Previous studies indicated a possible relationship between placental levels of these elements and first-trimester abortion; however, their effects on the further gestational weeks are not clear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of changes in the levels of placental trace and toxic elements on second-trimester abortion.

The patient group consisted of 30 women with missed abortion. The control group comprised 60 healthy term and singleton pregnant women who gave birth. Placental samples were obtained from the patients and the healthy controls, and the concentrations of placental elements were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

In the abortion group, placental arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, antimony, tin, cobalt, manganese, and selenium levels were significantly higher than those of the control group (p<0.05). Antimony was determined as an independent predictor with an odds ratio of 6.1 in toxic elements (p=0.025), and selenium was determined as an independent predictor with an odds ratio of 2.3 in trace elements (p=0.015).

The changes in trace element and toxic element levels, especially an increase in antimony and selenium, in placental tissue due to environmental exposure may play an important role in second-trimester abortion.
The changes in trace element and toxic element levels, especially an increase in antimony and selenium, in placental tissue due to environmental exposure may play an important role in second-trimester abortion.
 The diagnosis and treatment of patients with sleep disorders are the most challenging issues in dentistry. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge among dental interns in Northern Jordan about sleep medicine and sleep disorders.

 This cross-sectional study was performed using the Assessment of Sleep Knowledge in Medical Education (ASKME) questionnaire. The questionnaire was given to 88 dental interns (52 females and 36 males) in Northern Jordan. Chi-squared test was utilized for data analysis.

 The mean score of the ASKME questionnaire was 12 out of 30 (40%). The majority of dental interns (88.6%) correctly answered ≤ 50% of the questions. No association was found between gender and score results.

 Dental interns in Northern Jordan have a low level of knowledge about sleep medicine and sleep disorders. Dental faculties should provide courses related to sleep medicine throughout undergraduate education.
 Dental interns in Northern Jordan have a low level of knowledge about sleep medicine and sleep disorders. Dental faculties should provide courses related to sleep medicine throughout undergraduate education.BACKGROUND  Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA) has been increasingly used for the management of various solid pancreatic tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of EUS-RFA for serous cystic neoplasms (SCNs). METHODS  13 patients with microcystic SCNs with honeycomb appearance underwent EUS-RFA using a 19-gauge RFA needle. Before ablation, cystic fluid was aspirated until a thin layer of fluid remained. RESULTS  EUS-RFA was successful in all patients. Seven patients underwent a single session and the remaining six patients underwent a second session of EUS-RFA. One patient (7.7 %) experienced self-limited abdominal pain after EUS-RFA. During a median follow-up period of 9.21 months (interquartile range [IQR] 5.93 - 15.38), the median volume of the SCNs decreased from 37.82 mL (IQR 15.03 - 59.53) at baseline to 10.95 mL (IQR 4.79 - 32.39) at the end of follow-up. A radiologic partial response was achieved in eight patients (61.5 %). CONCLUSIONS  EUS-RFA is technically feasible and showed an acceptable rate of adverse events for patients with SCNs. A long-term follow-up study is required to evaluate the efficacy of EUS-RFA.
 Ultrasound (US) and sialendoscopy (SE) are routinely used in patients presenting with sialolithiasis in the submandibular (SMG) and parotid gland (PG). The objective was to assess the value of the simultaneous application of US and SE in the management of sialolithiasis.

 Retrospective study.

Tertiary referral center for salivary gland diseases.

Patients in whom US and SE as single investigation tools were neither conclusive nor useful in the management of sialolithiasis were investigated using both methods simultaneously (simUS + SE).

Establishment of the final diagnosis and/or contribution to the planning/performing of treatment in sialolithiasis.

 74 patients were examined by simUS + SE (58.1 % SMG and 41.9 % PG). In all patients (unclear) hyperechoic reflexes were assessed and/or localized by SE-controlled US navigation. 68.9 % of the patients were investigated for diagnostic or differential-diagnostic reasons including distinguishing extraductal from intraductal calcifications and/or to exclude residual stones after therapy. In 52.7 % simUS + SE was used to plan and/or perform further treatment, in 20.3 % to enable performing a combined approach (all PG) and in 29.7 % to evaluate and plan the most adequate therapy (mainly intraductal vs. Daurisoline in vivo extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, 68.2 % of these SMG). In two cases SE-controlled and US-guided stone extraction was performed.

 SimUS + SE is an innovative approach which proved to be very useful in managing sialolithiasis. It added valuable information regarding the establishment of a diagnosis or differential diagnosis, planning and performing the most adequate treatment, intraoperative control of therapy and postoperative follow-up.
 SimUS + SE is an innovative approach which proved to be very useful in managing sialolithiasis. It added valuable information regarding the establishment of a diagnosis or differential diagnosis, planning and performing the most adequate treatment, intraoperative control of therapy and postoperative follow-up.
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