Notes

Unconventional international body spontaneously released from your submandibular gland: A case report.
Plinia cauliflora (Mart.) Kausel, known in Brazil as jabuticaba or jaboticaba has been used by Brazilian native populations for medicinal purposes, including those related to inflammatory conditions, such as asthma, diarrhea, disorders in female genitourinary tract, and tonsillitis. Inflammation has emerged as a main factor for the oxidative stress, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia present in chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Such disturbances have been a leading cause of death worldwide for decades, despite significant efforts in developing new therapies. Therefore, strengthening the relevance of ethnobotanic approaches, as P. cauliflora has the potential to become a natural, native, and traditional product to prevent and treat inflammation-associated diseases more effectively for more people.

Evaluate anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and analgesic properties of hydroethanolic extract of P. cauliflora epicarps (PcE).

Phytochemical compound from the PcE were identified through HPLC-gnificantly improved glucose levels and lipid markers in diabetic mice.

P. cauliflora fruits are rich sources of secondary metabolites, mainly tannins and phenolic acids with high biological potential, which can effectively contribute to the approach of preventing and controlling chronic NCDs.
P. cauliflora fruits are rich sources of secondary metabolites, mainly tannins and phenolic acids with high biological potential, which can effectively contribute to the approach of preventing and controlling chronic NCDs.
Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kitam (A. scoparia) is a perennial herbal plant that is widely used as a folk remedy in Asian countries. Several studies have demonstrated that A. scoparia has various physiological effects, including anti-inflammation, anti-hypertension, anti-obesity, anti-hepatotoxicity, and anti-oxidant effects.

The objective of the present study was to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of water extract of A. scoparia (WAS).

Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), human monocyte THP-1 and murine fibroblast 3T3-L1 cells were used for the in vitro experiments. Cell viability and cytokine production were determined by the MTT assay and ELISA, respectively. RT-PCR was performed to determine iNOS gene expression and the Griess reaction was used to measure nitrite levels. iNOS protein expression, activation of NF-κB and MAPKs, and cleavage of caspase-1 and IL-1β were determined by Western blot analysis. A carrageenan-induced mouse model of acute inflammation was used in the in vf immune cells, mostly neutrophils, was also reduced by administration of WAS. Infiltration of inflammatory cells and edema in the submucosa of air pouch tissues were markedly improved in the WAS-treated groups.

Our results indicate that WAS possesses potent anti-inflammatory properties. These findings suggest that A. scoparia is a candidate functional food targeting several inflammatory diseases.
Our results indicate that WAS possesses potent anti-inflammatory properties. These findings suggest that A. scoparia is a candidate functional food targeting several inflammatory diseases.
Unravelling the anti-diabetic mechanism of action of L. leonurus at adipose, liver, muscle and pancreatic level.

To investigate the mechanism of action of an organic extract of L. leonurus and marrubiin at the gene level in adipose, liver and muscle tissues of an obese rat model and in a co-culture model.

Obese Wistar rats were fed a cafeteria diet for eight weeks, treated with an extract of L. Leonurus, marrubiin, sulfonylurea and aspirin for two weeks and the level of gene expression of selected markers were investigated across different tissues. The effects mediated by the different treatments were investigated in co-culture cell models involving 3T3-L1 (fat), Chang (liver), C2C12 (muscle) and INS-1 (pancreatic) cells under both normal and hyperglycemic conditions.

L. leonurus extract mediated a significant increase in PPAR gamma, glucokinase, FAS and UCP2 gene expression in adipose tissue, whilst the opposite was observed in the liver. At the muscle level, a significant increase in FAS gene expression was observed relative to the obese control rats. Furthermore, the extract as well as marrubiin, modulated improvements in the adipokine profile. The co-culture models showed that the effect mediated by the extract was dependent on, the tissue type as well as the glycemic conditions.

L. Leonurus extract as well as marrubiin exhibit anti-diabetic properties where the mechanism of action is mainly at the adipose tissue level. find more The increase in expression of the genes of interest mentioned above potentially play a protective role towards the liver and possibly towards the muscle tissues as well.
L. Leonurus extract as well as marrubiin exhibit anti-diabetic properties where the mechanism of action is mainly at the adipose tissue level. The increase in expression of the genes of interest mentioned above potentially play a protective role towards the liver and possibly towards the muscle tissues as well.
Traditional polyherbal preparations have been utilized in Sri Lanka since ancient times and have gained a wide acceptance throughout the country. Although an extensive body of evidence supports the use of traditional herbal mixtures in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, only a few polyherbal mixtures have been subjected to systematic scientific investigations and their mechanisms for long-term glucose control remain unclear. In general, scientific evaluations of the effectiveness of antidiabetic formulations which are prescribed by traditional practitioners have received great attention, and therefore uncovering their mechanism of action would be beneficial.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy, in terms of antidiabetic and antihyperlipidaemic activities, of a well-known traditional polyherbal mixture composed of leaves of Murraya koenigii L., -cloves of Allium sativum L., - fruits of Garcinia quaesita Pierre and seeds of Piper nigrum L. in streptozotocin induced diabeolyherbal mixture possesses potent antihyperglycaemic and antihyperlipidaemic effects with considerable restoration of pancreatic β-cells, justifying the traditional use of the mixture in diabetes associated dyslipidaemia.
The results revealed that the aforementioned polyherbal mixture possesses potent antihyperglycaemic and antihyperlipidaemic effects with considerable restoration of pancreatic β-cells, justifying the traditional use of the mixture in diabetes associated dyslipidaemia.
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