Notes

Continual enzymatic activity and movement within crowded necessary protein drops.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder, which affects 4-10 % women of reproductive age. Though accumulating scientific evidence, its pathogenesis remains unclear. In the current study, metabolic profiling as well as diagnostic biomarkers for different phenotypes of PCOS was investigated using non-invasive urinary GCMS based metabolomics. A total of 371 subjects were recruited for the study. They constituted the following groups healthy women, those with hyperandrogenism (HA), women with insulin-resistance (IR) in PCOS. Two cross-comparisons with PCOS were performed to characterize metabolic disturbances. A total of 23 differential metabolites were found. The altered metabolic pathways included glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and citrate cycle and butanoate metabolism. For differential diagnosis, a panel consisting of 9 biomarkers was found from the comparison of PCOS from healthy subjects. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was 0.8461 in the discovery phase. Predictive value of 89.17 % was found in the validation set. Besides, a panel of 8 biomarkers was discovered from PCOS with HA vs IR. The AUC for 8-biomarker panel was 0.8363, and a panel of clinical markers (homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance and free androgen index) had 0.8327 in AUC. While these metabolites combined with clinical markers reached 0.9065 in AUC from the discovery phase, and 93.18 % in predictive value from the validation set. The result showed that differences of small-molecule metabolites in urine may reflect underlying pathogenesis of PCOS and serve as biomarkers for complementary diagnosis of the different phenotypes of PCOS. OBJECTIVES To provide reference values and examine the influence of hip/groin pain on hip adductor and abductor strength in professional male ice hockey players, by using a straightforward 5-min procedure. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING On-field assessment of hip/groin muscle strength with dynamometry, together with the concomitant level of hip/groin pain with a visual analogue scale. PARTICIPANTS Professional male ice hockey players competing in the Swiss National League (n = 187). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Hip abductor strength, hip adductor strength and hip adductorabductor ratio. RESULTS Reference values by playing position (goalkeepers, defenders and forwards) are provided for asymptomatic athletes. Players with hip/groin pain during adduction displayed lower hip adductor strength (p = 0.001) and hip adductorabductor ratio (p = 0.012) than their symptom-free peers. CONCLUSIONS The presence of hip/groin pain during adductor testing may contribute to selective hip adductor weakness, whose cause-effect relation with possible groin problems remains to be demonstrated. Parenting with mental illness is associated with family conflicts, parenting difficulties, low parental confidence and increased mental health and behavioural problems in children. Family focused interventions improve child outcomes by about 40 %. However, such services are not available in Sri Lanka.A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in the general adult psychiatry follow-up clinics in a Teaching Hospital in Colombo, Sri Lanka to assess the needs of parents with mental illness. A specifically designed interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic details, difficulties with parenting and perceived care needs. A specifically designed data extraction form was used to gather information from the clinic records, about the parents' illness.Our study revealed that 45.1 % of children knew that their parent had a psychiatric disorder. A total of 67.3 % of parents believed that their mental illness had an impact on their parenting of which, 26.8 % thought that this impact was marked. 67.8 % of parents believed that their illness was having an impact on their children. PP1 mw A total of 36.4 % of parents reported having concerns about their children's behaviour, emotions or relationships but only 16.4 % of them said that they would discuss these with their treating doctor. Our study showed that mental illness in parents had a substantial impact on parenting and their children. However, those who sought professionals help in this regard were few and far between. Services aimed at the specific needs of these parents should be developed. AIMS This research examines the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its related factors in students whose school burned down, one month and six months after the incident. METHODS A total of 56 students from grades one through six were invited to participate in this study with permission from their parents. Subjects were screened for PTSD by using UCLA PTSD Reaction Index (DSM-5 Version) during three periods 1, 6, and 12 months after the incident. Children diagnosed with PTSD were interviewed by a child and adolescent psychiatrist to confirm their diagnosis and obtain related factors. Percentage and logistic regression were used for statistical evaluation. 5 out of the 56 students (8.9 %) had PTSD one month after the incident, 2 of them recovered after six months. 6 out of 56 students (10.7 %) had PTSD at six months and 2 of 40 (5%) had PTSD at one year after the incident. Students who lived in the school's dorms had significantly more PTSD than those who lived elsewhere, p less then 0.01, RR = 5.16 (4.04-6.6). After one year, age was the only factor related to PTSD (p = 0.01, odds ratio = 0.452). CONCLUSION Post-traumatic stress disorder is a common disorder in children after a disaster. Although some can recover shortly after an incident, others develop symptoms one month after the incident. Age is a risk factor that can lead to the development of PTSD. Emerging evidence demonstrates that abnormally expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the progression of various cancers. However, the expression profiles and functions of lncRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with microvascular invasion (MVI) remain largely unknown. In this study, we revealed the differential expression profiles of lncRNA and messenger RNA in four pairs of HCC with MVI and adjacent nontumor liver tissues by using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Among these dysregulated lncRNAs, lnc-TSPAN12 was the most significantly upregulated lncRNA in HCC. The results of real time-PCR showed that lnc-TSPAN12 was highly expressed in HCC, including HCC with MVI, and its high expression was associated with unfavorable clinicopathological features and poor prognosis. Moreover, multivariate Cox regression analysis verified that lnc-TSPAN12 was an independent prognostic predictor for overall and recurrence-free survival. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that lnc-TSPAN12 could serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker for HCC with MVI.
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