Notes

Mineralogical-geochemical research from the anionic competitors impact on the particular octacalcium phosphate effect into fluorapatite.
BDNF rescues aging-associated internal rectal sphincter malfunction.
Categorical variables will be reported as counts and percentages. Following assessment of normality, continuous variables will be reported as mean (standard deviation) or median (inter-quartile range). Based on normality of data, independent t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test will be used to compare continuous variables and chi-square and Fisher's exact tests to compare categorical variables. Comparisons across multiple sets will be performed using ANOVA or Kruskak-Wallis tests. Two-sided significance testing will be used and a p-value less then 0.05 will be considered significant without adjustment for multiple testing. All analyses will be performed using SPSS version 24 and R within RStudio. PROSPERO (ID number 162797). Ethics and dissemination There are no ethical concerns directly pertinent to this systematic review. The retrieved data will be made available upon request. The study will be written in English and submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. © 2020 The Authors.Introduction Wide Awake Local Anaesthetic No Tourniquet (WALANT) technique has been developed to eliminate tourniquet pain during upper limb and hand surgery whilst also improving utilisation of operating theatre time and inpatient stay, however inconclusive data still limits the techniques uptake. Here presents a protocol for a systematic review to collate findings to produce conclusive data on efficacy of WALANT. Methods This systematic review will be registered a priori. All study designs defined by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine will be included in the search. "WALANT" in "upper limb" and "hand" surgery will be investigated as per the devised search strategy. 18 electronic databases will be searched, including PubMed, Medline and Embase in addition to a Grey literature search. Two independent teams of 3 researchers will screen all relevant titles, abstracts and subsequent full texts for suitability. Data will be extrapolated and entered into a preformatted database for analysis. Ethics and dissemination This systematic review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at both national and international conferences within the field of plastic and orthopaedic surgery. This review aims to inform surgical practice and policy. © 2020 The Authors.Objective To evaluate a novel analysis method (SAMepi) in the localization of interictal epileptiform magnetoencephalographic (MEG) activity in parietal lobe epilepsy (PLE) patients in comparison with equivalent current dipole (ECD) analysis. Methods We analyzed the preoperative interictal MEG of 17 operated PLE patients utilizing visual analysis and (1) ECD with a spherical conductor model; (2) ECD with a boundary element method (BEM) conductor model; and (3) SAMepi - a kurtosis beamformer method. GSK3 inhibitor Localization results were compared between the three methods, to the location of the resection and to the clinical outcome. GSK3 inhibitor Results Fourteen patients had an epileptiform finding in the visual analysis; SAMepi detected spikes in 11 of them. A unifocal finding in both the ECD and in the SAMepi analysis was associated with a better chance of seizure-freedom (p = 0.02). There was no significant difference in the distances from the unifocal MEG localizations to the nearest border of the resection between the different analysis methods. Conclusions Localizations of unifocal interictal spikes detected by SAMepi did not significantly differ from the conventional ECD localizations. Significance SAMepi - a novel semiautomatic analysis method - is useful in localizing interictal epileptiform MEG activity in the presurgical evaluation of parietal lobe epilepsy patients. © 2020 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier B.V.Objective This study examines and compares excitability characteristics of tibialis anterior (TA) and abductor hallucis (AH) transcranial motor evoked potentials (tcMEP) during anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) surgery. Methods Electrophysiological and clinical data of 89 patients who underwent ACDF procedure were retrospectively reviewed. TcMEP data of TA and AH muscles from 178 limbs were analyzed for availability, robustness and stability during the procedure. Results TA tcMEP was available at 83% whereas AH tcMEP was available at 99% of the monitored lower limbs at preposition baseline. Availability of both TA and AH tcMEP was demonstrated in 147/178 limbs. The baseline amplitude of AH tcMEP was significantly greater than that of TA tcMEP recorded from the same limb (744.6 ± 54.0 and 326.9 ± 33.3 µV, respectively). Simultaneous deterioration of TA and AH tcMEP data was demonstrated in 10/147 limbs. Deterioration of either TA or AH tcMEP data accompanied by unchanged tcMEP data from the other lower limb muscle was noted in 32/147 compared to 1/147 limbs, respectively. The deteriorated TA and AH tcMEP data returned to baseline before closing at incidence of 17% compared to 46%, respectively. No new lower extremity (LE) neurological deficit was presented postoperatively in any patient. Conclusions AH tcMEP is a more reliable candidate than TA tcMEP for intraoperative LE monitoring in ACDF procedure. Significance The excitability differentials in LE tcMEP in ACDF is a variable that need to be considered while interpreting intraoperative neurophysiological data. © 2020 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier B.V.Glutaraldehyde (Glut) is an extensively used sterilant and fixative for the crosslinking of natural soft tissue biomaterials like bovine pericardium (BP) to provide stability and is required for its application in vivo. There is plenty of debate around the reaction mechanism of Glut with natural biomaterials. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a commonly used technique that is typically used to measure the thermal profile of polymers. However, a variation known as quasi-isothermal modulated differential scanning calorimetry (QiMDSC) has been utilised for the analysis of polymorphic transformations in both the pharmaceutical and food industries. This communication will address QiMDSC as a method for analysing soft tissue biomaterials and their crosslinking mechanisms and how it can be applied to other biomaterial applications. © 2020 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
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