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Jane Merryweather - Medical leader and also proto feminist.
0062). IOL type, and changes in anterior chamber depth and corneal curvature independently correlated with PE changes. Conclusions The MRSE and PE showed a significant myopic change for 2 months postoperatively in eyes implanted with 1 of 3 types of single-piece acrylic IOLs, and were significantly smaller with the SN60WF than with the XY-1 and ZCB00V. Changes in PE during the 2 postoperative months were smaller with the SN60WF than with the other IOLs, suggesting that postoperative refractive stability differs among single-piece acrylic IOLs.Hypoxia-mediated cognitive dysfunction can be transiently mitigated by exercise in a laboratory-based setting. Whether this effect holds true in the context of high altitude hypoxia has not been determined. We investigated the effect of acute aerobic exercise on cognitive function (CF) at low (1400m) and high altitude (4240m). Fifteen volunteers (24.1±3.5yrs; 9 females) exercised for 20-min at 40-60% of their heart rate reserve at low and high altitude. CF was assessed before and 10-min after exercise using a tablet-based battery of executive function tests. A sea-level control group (n=13; 24.2±2.4 years; 9 females) performed time-matched CF tests to assess the contribution of a learning effects due to repeated testing. Measures of resting CF were unaffected by ascent to high altitude. Following high altitude exercise, performance significantly worsened on the digit symbol substitution task - a test of processing speed, working memory, and visuospatial attention (z=0.01 vs. -0.59, p=0.02, η2=0.35). No effect was found on other measures of CF following exercise. There was no association between changes in peripheral oxygen saturation and changes in CF following high altitude exercise (r=0.22, p=0.44), but higher hemoglobin concentration at high altitude was associated with a decline in CF following exercise at high altitude (r=-0.65, p=0.02). Acute aerobic exercise performed at high altitude impairs some aspects of CF, whereas other CF tests remain unchanged. The strong ecological validity of this study warrants attention and follow-up investigations are needed to better characterize selective impairment of CF with high altitude exercise.This study investigated whether physical activity (PA) influences the association between depression risk and low-grade inflammation. This was a cross-sectional study including 8,048 adults (18-59y). Depression symptoms were evaluated with the Beck depression inventory (BDI) and physical activity through the international physical activity questionnaire. Adults with infectious and inflammatory diseases were excluded. Blood samples were collected, including high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of low-grade inflammation when ≥3mg/L. Additional measures of LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides and fasting glucose were also determined. Sex, chronological age, tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, body mass index, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure and fasting glucose were used as covariates. Mediation models were conducted using the procedures of Karlson Holm Breen. Adults with elevated CRP (≥3mg/L) compared to those with low CRP ( less then 3mg/L) presented with higher BDI scores [8.5%(95%CI7.2%-10.1%) vs. 5.8%(95%CI5.2-6.4)] as well as higher prevalence of physical inactivity 67.4% (95%CI64.9-69.9) vs. 59.7% (95%CI58.4-60.9). The prevalence of elevated CRP was highest in physically inactive adults with greater depression risk. Models revealed that physical activity risk explained 13% of the association between depression risk and elevated CRP (p=0.035), independently of potential confounders. Physical activity may reduce the association between depression symptoms and elevated CRP. Future longitudinal research is required to determine the directionality of the relationships observed.Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can become biologically embedded leaving a lasting signature on multiple body systems. ACE scores have been used to associate childhood adversity to a wide range of adverse health conditions over the life course, most notably substance-related disorders. Multiple studies have shown that the presence of elevated ACE scores predicts obesity in adulthood. However, a gap exists in the literature elucidating the pathways from childhood adversity to increased BMI in adulthood. We systematically reviewed these mechanisms as well as discuss novel plausible pathways. We searched PubMed, PsycInfo, Embase, and Web of Science and after applying exclusion criteria identified 18 articles for qualitative analysis. The most commonly cited mechanisms linking ACEs to obesity are social disruption, health behaviors, and chronic stress response. Ten observational studies (n=118,691) were quantitatively summarized and demonstrated a positive association between ACE and adult obesity with a pooled odds ratio of 1.46 (CI=1.28, 1.64) with moderate heterogeneity (I2=70.8%). Our results found a 46% increase in the odds of adult obesity following exposure to multiple ACEs. Based on our qualitative synthesis and review of the most recent relevant literature, we propose biologically plausible explanations for the significant positive relationship between ACEs and adult obesity. Reducing exposure to ACEs, improved screening and detection of trauma, better access to trauma-informed care, and improvements to the food environment are likely to improve downstream health outcomes related to eating behavior.Aim This study focused on (1) the optimization of NaOCl-EDTA irrigation in terms of the viability and morphology of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), (2) the effects of optimized EDTA protocol alone or prepared with nanobubble water (NBs) on cell behavior. Materials and methods In the first part, human dentin discs were conditioned with the following protocols; (1)NaOCl, followed by PBS (NP); (2)NP, followed by EDTA (NPE); (3)NPE, followed by PBS (NPEP); (4)without any PBS rinse (NE) or (5)only final PBS rinse (NEP). selleck DPSC viability and morphology were determined. In the second part, dentin discs were conditioned with (1) the optimized protocol in the first part (EDTA); (2) EDTA prepared using NBs (EN); (3) ultrasonic-activated EDTA (EU) or (4) EN irrigation (ENU). Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β release and DPSC viability & morphology, and migration were determined using ELISA, WST-1 cell viability assay & live-dead assay, and transwell migration, assay, respectively. Data were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis or one-way ANOVA and post-hoc tests.
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