Notes

Parallel Recurring Bi-Fusion Characteristic Chart Network pertaining to Exact Single-Shot Object Recognition.
Short and long sleep duration and poor sleep quality are risk factors for weight gain and cancer mortality. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between sleep and weight change among postmenopausal breast cancer survivors.

Women participating in the Women's Health Initiative who were diagnosed with incident breast cancer between year one and year three were included. Self-reported sleep duration was categorized as ≤ 5h (short), 6h, 7-8h (optimal), and ≥ 9h (long). Self-reported sleep quality was categorized as poor, average, and above average. Post-diagnosis weight change was the difference of weight closest to, but preceding diagnosis, and year 3 weight. We used linear regression to evaluate sleep duration and sleep quality associations with post-diagnosis weight change adjusted for potential confounders.

Among 1156 participants, 63% were weight stable after diagnosis; average weight gain post cancer diagnosis was 3.2kg. Six percent of women reported sleeping ≤ 5h, 26% reported 6h, 64% reported 7-8h, and 4% reported ≥ 9h. There were no differences in adjusted estimates of weight change among participants with short duration (0.37kg; 95% CI - 0.88, 1.63), or long duration (- 0.56kg; 95% CI - 2.03, 0.90) compared to optimal duration, nor was there a difference among poor quality (- 0.51kg; 95% CI - 1.42, 0.41) compared to above average quality.

Among postmenopausal breast cancer survivors, sleep duration and quality were not associated with weight change after breast cancer diagnosis. Future studies should consider capturing change in adiposity and to expand beyond self-reported sleep.
Among postmenopausal breast cancer survivors, sleep duration and quality were not associated with weight change after breast cancer diagnosis. Future studies should consider capturing change in adiposity and to expand beyond self-reported sleep.
To describe breast cancer treatment patterns among premenopausal women by age and time since last pregnancy.

Data were analyzed from 1179 women diagnosed with premenopausal breast cancer in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study. Of these, 160 had a recent pregnancy (within 5years of cancer diagnosis). Relative frequency differences (RFDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to compare cancer stage, treatment modality received, treatment initiation delay (> 30days), and prolonged treatment duration (> 2 to > 8months depending on the treatment received) by age and recency of pregnancy.

Recently postpartum women were significantly more likely to have stage III disease [RFD (95% CI) 12.2% (3.6%, 20.8%)] and to receive more aggressive treatment compared to nulliparous women. After adjustment for age, race and standard clinical tumor characteristics, recently postpartum women were significantly less likely to have delayed treatment initiation [RFD (95% CI) -11.2% (-21.4%, -1.0%)] and prolonged treatment duration [RFD (95% CI) -17.5% (-28.0%, -7.1%)] and were more likely to have mastectomy [RFD (95% CI) 14.9% (4.8%, 25.0%)] compared to nulliparous. Similarly, younger women (< 40years of age) were significantly less likely to experience prolonged treatment duration [RFD (95% CI) -5.6% (-11.1%, -0.0%)] and more likely to undergo mastectomy [RFD (95% CI) 10.6% (5.2%, 16.0%)] compared to the study population as a whole.

These results suggest that recently postpartum and younger women often received prompt and aggressive breast cancer treatment. Higher mortality and recurrence among recently pregnant women are unlikely to be related to undertreatment.
These results suggest that recently postpartum and younger women often received prompt and aggressive breast cancer treatment. Higher mortality and recurrence among recently pregnant women are unlikely to be related to undertreatment.Prostate cancer is the most common solid organ malignancy in the United States, and has the highest probability of all cancers in becoming invasive. New molecular targets are needed to define and impede the growth and progression of advanced prostate cancers. Claudins (Cldns) are transmembrane proteins that regulate paracellular permeability and cell polarity, and their levels are elevated in many human cancers such as breast, ovarian, pancreatic, and prostatic cancers. Previously, we found that Cldn3 and Cldn4 are expressed in aggressive high-grade human prostate cancer specimens. We and others have shown that there are higher levels of Cldn3 and Cldn4 in metastatic human prostate cancer cells than in normal human prostate cells. The result of targeting Cldn3 and Cldn4 expression on the growth and viability of prostate cancer cells has not been elucidated. Human prostate cancer PC3 and LNCaP cells were transfected with Cldn3 or -4 small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Cldn3/Cldn4 siRNA treatment resulted in a greater than 85% decrease in the protein levels of Cldn3 and Cldn4, which was accompanied by a 30-40% decrease in prostate cancer cell growth and a 60-65% reduction in cell viability. There was decreased cell migration with Cldn3 and Cldn4 siRNA in both PC3 and LNCaP cells and a 60-75% decrease in the number of clones when treated with siCldn3 or siCldn4 compared to control. Knocking down Cldn3/Cldn4 affects prostate cancer cell growth and survival and may have therapeutic implications.
This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of single and multiple doses of opicapone (OPC) in healthy Chinese and Caucasian subjects.

In this open-label, single-center, phase1 study, eligible Chinese subjects received one of three OPC doses (25, 50, or 100mg), and Caucasian subjects received either 25 or 50mg of OPC. All subjects were administered a single dose of OPC, whereas subjects in the 50-mg OPC group continued to receive once-daily doses of 50mg OPC for 10days. The primary endpoint was to evaluate and compare the plasma concentrations and PK parameters of OPC and its main metabolite, and erythrocyte-soluble catechol-O-methyltransferase (S-COMT) activity in Chinese subjects with that of Caucasian subjects. The secondary endpoint was to evaluate the safety of OPC in Chinese subjects. The estimated results for geometric mean ratios (GMRs) were evaluated with the standard bioequivalence (BE) limits between 80% and 125% to evaluate the ethnic differences. All statistical analyses were performed using SAS version 9.4.

In total, 70 subjects (45 Chinese, 25 Caucasian) were enrolled; the majority of them were male (85.7%). The plasma exposure of both OPC and BIA9-1103 increased in an approximately dose-proportional manner in both populations. Maximum S-COMT inhibition ranged from 79% to 95% after a single dose and was about 94% after a 10-day once-daily regimen in both populations. The point estimates of GMRs (Chinese/Caucasian) and 90%CI, except C
in 25-mg and 50-mg OPC groups, for PK and PD parameters were within 80% to 125%. Furthermore, no new risks or safety concerns associated with OPC were identified, indicating a tolerable safety profile in healthy Chinese subjects.

Ethnicity had no significant impact on PK and PD parameters after single or multiple doses of OPC, and OPC was safe and tolerable in healthy Chinese subjects.

ChiCTR number, CTR20192230.
ChiCTR number, CTR20192230.Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is widely used in clinical laboratories for routine identification of bacteria and yeasts. However, methodological difficulties are still apparent when applied to filamentous fungi. The liquid cultivation method recommended by Bruker Daltonics GmbH for identification of filamentous fungi by MALDI-TOF MS is labour intensive and time-consuming. In this study, growth of Aspergillus species on different (porous) surfaces was investigated with the aim to develop a more reliable, quicker and less laborious identification method using MALDI-TOF MS. Mycelial growth without sporulation mimicking liquid cultivation and reliable MALDI-TOF MS spectra were obtained when A. selleck chemical fumigatus strains were grown on and in between a polycarbonate membrane filter on Sabouraud dextrose agar. A database of in-house reference spectra was created by growing Aspergillus reference strains (mainly focusing on sections Fumigati and Flavi) under these s, cost and labour intensity. This method can be reliably applied for identification of clinically important Aspergilli and has potential for identification of other filamentous fungi.Dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccines have so far achieved good therapeutic effects in animal experiments and early clinical trials for certain malignant tumors. However, the overall objective response rate in clinical trials rarely exceeds 15%. The poor efficiency of DC migration to lymph nodes (LNs) ( less then  5%) is one of the main factors limiting the effectiveness of DC vaccines. Therefore, increasing the efficiency of DC migration is expected to further enhance the efficacy of DC vaccines. Here, we used DP7-C (cholesterol modified VQWRIRVAVIRK), which can promote DC migration, as a medium. Through multiomics sequencing and biological experiments, we found that it is the metabolite pantothenic acid (PA) that improves the migration and effectiveness of DC vaccines. We clarified that both DP7-C and PA regulate DC migration by regulating the chemokine receptor CXCR2 and inhibiting miR-142a-3p to affect the NF-κB signaling pathway. This study will lay the foundation for the subsequent use of DP7-C as a universal substance to promote DC migration, further enhance the antitumor effect of DC vaccines, and solve the bottleneck problem of the low migration efficiency and unsatisfactory clinical response rate of DC vaccines.Continuous fluorine (F) accumulation in soil by anthropogenic activities leads to variously global environmental and health issues. Herein, 300 farmland soil samples were collected from different anthropogenic activity dominated districts for studying the distribution and related health risk of F in soils. Co-existing metal concentrations in soil samples were also analysed to evaluate the relationship between the distribution of F and metals in soil. The median value of the total F concentration of 488 mg kg-1 in the present samples was higher than the median background F concentration in topsoil in Sichuan province of China (261 mg kg-1). Concentration of water-soluble F (1.33-26.2 mg kg-1) was two or three orders of magnitude less than that of total F in soil. Levels of total and water-soluble F in soils collected from the district with longer contamination history were higher than that from other districts with shorter contamination period, indicating a historical contribution of anthropogenic activities to F accumulation in soil. Notable positive correlation between the total F and vanadium (V) concentration in soil can be partly linked to the usually negative charged form or a common source of F and V in soil (e.g. coal combustion). Compared with inhalation and dermal contact, present human exposure of F in soil was mainly caused by oral ingestion, and the health risks posed by F in soil for both children and adults were acceptable. However, considering the higher potential risk for children than adults, the accumulation of F in soil induced by anthropogenic activities should not be neglect.
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