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How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD

Many people believe that ADHD is a symptom only of children, however it can affect adults too. When diagnosed and treated for ADHD, a person can lead a happier life.

An evaluation for ADHD could involve a conversation with the person and family members. The specialist could look over old school records to determine whether symptoms began as a child.

Symptoms

ADHD is a disorder that affects work, school and family life. Everyone has difficulty concentrating and staying organised at times. A person must exhibit major symptoms in two of these areas, and that they significantly affect the way they function in their daily lives for them to be identified as having ADHD. The symptoms must also have been present for at least six months.

A doctor will ask the patient about their symptoms, and also regarding any medical issues or family history. They may also use rating scales to measure adult's or a child's symptoms. These questionnaires are based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5). These include questions regarding symptoms like hyperactivity, inattention and impulsivity.

Adults might be asked to talk to their significant other or someone who knows them well. This isn't to question the honesty of the patient, but to gain a better understanding of the behavior of a person that cannot be gleaned from an interview. They could inquire about childhood behavior and refer to the old school records to determine if the symptoms started before the age of 12.

Before determining a diagnosis, the doctor will conduct an examination and lab tests to rule out other health conditions, such as head injuries or thyroid issues that may cause similar symptoms. The doctor will also look over a person's medication list. Doctors will look at the interactions between stimulants and certain medications prescribed for depression, high blood pressure, and other ailments. This is the reason it's crucial for adults to speak to their primary healthcare providers in the event that they suspect they be suffering from ADHD.


Diagnosis

To be diagnosed with ADHD the symptoms must appear in at least two settings (such as at home, school, and work) and interfere with functioning. They should also have been diagnosed before the age of 12, and the impairment must not be caused by another disorder, such as depression or anxiety.

A mental health professional or doctor will employ a variety of tools during the assessment which include ADHD symptom checklists and standardized scales for assessing behavior and a thorough history. They can also speak with family members or friends to determine how the symptoms affect them. They'll ask whether the symptoms are similar to the symptoms of other psychiatric conditions or physical ailments.

The evaluators will consider whether the symptoms are severe or mild. They will also look into the person's medical and family history in order to determine if there are underlying causes for their issue like thyroid disorders or head injuries.

In certain instances the examiner may decide to conduct cognitive testing or ask the person to take an imaging test to rule out other causes of their symptoms like learning disabilities. People who suffer from these issues typically present differently than those who don't have them. For instance, boys are more likely to show hyperactive symptoms and girls inattentive symptoms.

Some people with ADHD are interested in participating in a clinical study to test new treatments. While this is a fantastic method to aid in further research, it is crucial for participants to know that the primary purpose of these studies is to gain information from the scientific community and does not necessarily guarantee they will receive treatment. For more information about clinical trials, check out NIMH's Clinical Trials fact sheet.

Treatment

If you suspect that you may have ADHD seek out a specialist who is trained to recognize the disorder. Make sure to check with your health insurance provider to find out if ADHD specialists are covered, and then seek referrals from your family doctor or other health professionals. Word-of-mouth recommendations are a good option.

A doctor will inquire with the patient - or parents in the case of children - about the symptoms they experience. They can use standardized questionnaires or ADHD symptom checklists, and request details from other people in the person's life, including spouses and family members. Personal insight can reveal more than can be gleaned from questionnaires.

Experts will also examine any old school records and reports, particularly those from the past. The diagnosis of ADHD is often based on the history of an individual. To be considered diagnosed the symptoms must have been present since the age of a child (technically prior to the age of 12).

A physical exam is typically performed. It is a way to identify any other medical issues that could be the cause of the symptoms, for example, seizures or thyroid issues. The doctor will usually conduct a neurological exam that checks for motor control and coordination. Psychological tests to measure the ability to think and be smart could be utilized. A person could also be asked to complete simple computer tasks designed to test attention and memory. This will help the professional determine if a person is hyperactive, inattentive, or impulsive. The expert will choose the treatment plan and provide an assessment. Treatment plans usually consist of therapy and medication. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, can teach adults and children healthy coping techniques and change unhelpful thinking patterns. The therapy can be offered by a primary doctor or a mental health professional who is a specialist in adult ADHD.

Medication

Many people suffering from ADHD get better by taking medication. However this isn't the only treatment for the condition. Adults, teens and children can also benefit from a psychotherapy session, behavioral therapy or a combination of both. These therapies assist them in dealing with their ADHD symptoms and learn how to manage the symptoms. They may include psychoeducation, which is education about ADHD and ways to manage it. They can also include teachers, family members, and professionals.

It is essential to find a mental health professional or health care provider with experience treating ADHD. You can ask your friends with ADHD for suggestions or a mental health provider you know. You can also do an online search. It is best to locate an expert who is familiar with your insurance plan.

The doctor will inquire with you or your child about the signs and problems that are caused by ADHD. They will conduct an examination of the body and look for any other health issues that may cause similar symptoms. They will look over the medical and family history of you or your child, as well as school documents and other reports.

The American Psychiatric Association's (DSM-V), which is primarily designed to diagnose children, has a more difficult time diagnosing ADHD in adults. Your doctor will ask you or your child about the signs and may request others who spend long periods of time with them to complete questionnaires and checklists. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. ADHD medications include stimulants such as methylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine and atomoxetine as well as non-stimulants like atomoxetine and antidepressants. They function by boosting levels of brain chemicals known as neurotransmitters.

Counseling

Many people who suffer from ADHD have comorbid disorders, such as depression or anxiety. For I Am Psychiatry , treatment should be based on therapy that targets these issues. Certain patients might benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy, which teaches skills like time and task management, emotional self-regulation and impulse control.

In addition, therapists can help patients manage their symptoms through lifestyle changes. Regular exercise can help reduce hyperactivity and improve focus. A healthier diet is important as well. People who suffer from ADHD tend to consume more fat and sugar, and less fruits and vegetables. Making family and social relationships a priority can reduce anxiety and make people feel more in charge of their lives.

A diagnosis of ADHD can aid adults and children to comprehend their difficulties. For instance, a child with ADHD may have trouble communicating his or her demands to peers and teachers However, when a teacher realizes that it's not due to inattention accommodations can be made.

A professional who conducts an ADHD assessment will ask questions geared toward the individual's age, ask questions of family members and teachers and review medical records and check for comorbid conditions. If ADHD symptoms started before adulthood, school records can be helpful for adults.

The specialist will also check for any hearing or vision problems with hearing or vision. The doctor may also perform an analysis of blood to look for certain hormones and other health issues that may cause ADHD-like symptoms.

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