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The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of fractional carbon dioxide (CO
) laser versus carboxytherapy in treatment of striae distensae.

This study was conducted on forty female patients with striae distensae on the abdomen. Patients were selected and divided randomly into two matched groups; group I was treated with fractional CO
laser resurfacing and group II with carboxytherapy. Assessment and evaluation of the results were done by comparing photographs and the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS).

Pregnancy, obesity, and long-term steroid use were the most common causes of striae in both groups. Both groups showed a statistically significant improvement in both the width and length of striae with no statistically significant difference between them. Patients' satisfaction was comparable in both groups. Pain and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation were the two most common side effects in group I while bruising at the injection site was the most common in group II.

Both modalities could be effective in management of striae distensae.Lasers Surg. Med. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Both modalities could be effective in management of striae distensae. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a hair loss disorder that frequently affects the male population. Conventional treatment modalities are limited to minoxidil, 5α reductase inhibitors, and hair transplantation procedures. The efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), also known as photobiomodulation, in the treatment of AGA has been reported, yet little is known about the outcomes of combining photobiomodulation with other conventional therapies.

To evaluate hair growth improvement in males with AGA, during the administration of minoxidil with and without photobiomodulation, using a half-head model.

Twenty-one men with AGA agreed to undergo 12 minutes of low-level laser irradiation (using a modified Capellux®), followed by topical minoxidil application (1 mlof 5% solution), to the affected scalp two times per day for 6 months. The photobiomodulation devices were modified such that the left half emitted light, and the right half did not. Efficacy was assessed by blinded analyses of clinical photos and aution of photobiomodulation to topical minoxidil in male AGA. Differences from previous studies that might have influenced our result include non-collimated light source, higher dosimetry, and a cohort with darker skin phototype and more severe alopecia. Lasers Surg. Med. 2021. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
The objective of this study was to explore associations between maternal depression and anxiety during early sensitive periods, child social-emotional and behavioral problems and the moderating roles of financial, instrumental, and partner emotional support.

Analyses was conducted using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. Hierarchical linear regression modeling was used to explore associations between maternal depression and anxiety at 1- and 3-years postpartum, three unique types of social support, and childhood behavioral problems at 5-years of age (n=2,827).

Mothers who were depressed at one or both timepoints, compared to nondepressed mothers, reported higher externalizing behavioral problems scores of 1.96 and 2.90, and internalizing behavioral problems scores of 1.16 and 2.20, respectively, at 5-years of age (both p<.01), after controlling for covariates. Financial, instrumental, and partner emotional support were independently and inversely associated with behavioral problems (p<.05); however, none of these types of support moderated the relationship between maternal depression and behavioral problems, after controlling for covariates.

Promoting maternal mental health as well as different sources of support throughout the first five years of life, instead of one critical period, may help to reduce the burden of chronic disease in the next generation.
Promoting maternal mental health as well as different sources of support throughout the first five years of life, instead of one critical period, may help to reduce the burden of chronic disease in the next generation.The size and organization of the brain are determined by the activity of progenitor cells early in development. Key mechanisms regulating progenitor cell biology involve miRNAs. These small noncoding RNA molecules bind mRNAs with high specificity, controlling their abundance and expression. The role of miRNAs in brain development has been studied extensively, but their involvement at early stages remained unknown until recently. Here, recent findings showing the important role of miRNAs in the earliest phases of brain development are reviewed, and it is discussed how loss of specific miRNAs leads to pathological conditions, particularly adult and pediatric brain tumors. Let-7 miRNA downregulation and the initiation of embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes (ETMR), a novel link recently discovered by the laboratory, are focused upon. read more Finally, it is discussed how miRNAs may be used for the diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of pediatric brain tumors, with the hope of improving the prognosis of these devastating diseases.Plants are a rich source of specialized metabolites with a broad range of bioactivities and many applications in human daily life. Over the past decades significant progress has been made in identifying many such metabolites in different plant species and in elucidating their biosynthetic pathways. However, the biological roles of plant specialized metabolites remain elusive and proposed functions lack an identified underlying molecular mechanism. Understanding the roles of specialized metabolites frequently is hampered by their dynamic production and their specific spatiotemporal accumulation within plant tissues and organs throughout a plant's life cycle. In this review, we propose the employment of strategies from the field of Synthetic Biology to construct and optimize genetically encoded biosensors that can detect individual specialized metabolites in a standardized and high-throughput manner. This will help determine the precise localization of specialized metabolites at the tissue and single-cell levels.
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