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Cerium Oxysulfide together with O-Ce-S Bindings regarding Effective Adsorption along with Transformation regarding Lithium Polysulfide within Li-S Power packs.
Background The sudden collapse of an apparently healthy newborn, or sudden unexpected postnatal collapse (SUPC) is fatal in about half of cases. Epidemiological characteristics of sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) in the first week of life differ from those in the postperinatal age group (7-365 days).Aim To describe the characteristics of SUPC resulting in neonatal death.Methods We analyzed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Birth Cohort Linked Birth/Infant Death Data Set (2003-2013 41,125,233 births and 37,624 SUIDs). SUPC was defined as infants born ≥35 weeks gestational age, with a 5-minute Apgar score of ≥7, who died suddenly and unexpectedly in the first week of life.Results Of the 37,624 deaths categorized as SUID during the study period, 616 met the SUPC criteria (1.5/100,000 live births). Eleven percent occurred on the first day of life and nearly three quarters occurred during postnatal days 3-6. SUPC deaths differed statistically from SUID deaths occurring 7-364 days of age, in par period, 616 met the SUPC criteria (1.5/100,000 live births). Eleven percent occurred on the first day of life and nearly three quarters occurred during postnatal days 3-6. SUPC deaths differed statistically from SUID deaths occurring 7-364 days of age, in particular for sex, marital status, and live birth order.Implications These data support the need for adequate nurse staffing during the immediate recovery period and for the entire postpartum stay as well as nurse rounding for new mothers in the hospital setting.
Purpose Non-Hispanic Black women in the United States experience disproportionately higher rates of adverse birth outcomes including preterm birth and low birth weight infants compared with White women. Kaempferide Racial discrimination has been associated with these adverse outcomes. However, not all Black women experience discrimination in the same way. The majority of studies that report on the relationship between racial discrimination and maternal health have used quantitative methods that may present a monolithic understanding of this relationship. Qualitative methods, specifically those that incorporate intersectionality, may illuminate the nuances in pregnant Black women's experiences of discrimination. We present a qualitative analysis of Black women's experiences of racial discrimination and pregnancy to shed light on some of these complexities.Study Design and Methods Qualitative interviews that addressed racial discrimination and pregnancy were conducted as part of a larger study of pregnant Black women thaiscrimination and within and across case analysis was conducted.Results Women described varying experiences of racial discrimination in different contexts. Shielding emerged as a recurring theme in women's accounts of dealing with racial discrimination during pregnancy.Clinical Implications Nurses engaged in maternity care need an understanding of how pregnant Black women experience racial discrimination in different ways. Black women may be likely to take personal responsibility for managing discrimination-related stress in pregnancy as a consequence of direct experiences of discrimination. Nurses can support pregnant Black women by recognizing varied experiences of racial discrimination, and by not blaming them for experiences or potential resultant outcomes.
Purpose The current adult definition of sepsis and septic shock, as developed in 1992, does not adequately define sepsis in the pregnant and peripartum women due to the alteration of sepsis presentation in the maternal population. The purpose of this study was to determine potential causative factors for sepsis with the aim of prevention and reducing morbidity/mortality.Study Design and Methods A descriptive observational design via a retrospective medical record review was used with a convenience sample of 22 women who were identified after admission as having sepsis. The setting was the labor and delivery unit of a large urban hospital in Fort Worth, Texas, with over 5,000 births per year.Results The most common diagnoses related to maternal sepsis included urinary tract infections, endometritis, chorioamnionitis, and wound infections. Main causative agents identified were predominantly Escherichia coli (E. coli), followed by group B streptococcus (GBS), and group A streptococcus (group A strep). The mostlaboratory results included above and below normal white blood cell count and elevated lactate levels. Sixty-four percent of patients diagnosed with sepsis were readmitted postpartum and 41% gave birth via cesarean.Clinical Implications Findings are applicable for nursing care and maternal sepsis protocol development. Early identification of mothers at risk for maternal sepsis and tool development for early diagnosis would be beneficial to support the ongoing work on decreasing maternal morbidity and mortality that have a devastating effect on women, their families, and their health care team. Early warning signs of sepsis can be shared by nurses with new mothers and their families as part of routine postpartum discharge teaching so they know when to call their primary health care provider and when to seek care in person.
Background Parental fatigue rates after childbirth are high and may be associated with newborn drops that cause injury. Newborn drops and near-misses are potentially underreported due to parental embarrassment, shame, fear of reprisal, or guilt. Although newborn drops are rare, the leaders of mother-baby units need to enhance transparency of risk to assure a culture of safety.Purpose To describe components and outcomes of the What A Catch program, aimed at preventing newborn drops and addressing near-misses.Methods The What A Catch program was implemented in two hospital mother-baby units. The five components of the program included maintaining a respite nursery, using visual management, positively framing situational communication and actions after a near-miss, safe and appropriate staffing, and celebrating and transparently displaying program successes. Data were collected on near-miss event rates and caregivers and families provided postevent comments.Results The perinatal team embraced the program at both sites.
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