Notes

Benefits following Distal Distance Fractures along with Preexisting Ulnocarpal Abutment.
Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction has been reported as an early presentation in COVID-19. We intent to analyze the chronological outline of these chemosensory disturbances in term of onset, progression and resolution in ENT doctors with COVID-19. In six symptomatic otolaryngologists who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, detailed symptomatology of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction was collected prospectively on regular basis till a period of at least three months. Due to their awareness, sensitivity and reliability, even mild and transient relevant symptomatology could be recorded accurately. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction was universally present in all the six otolaryngologists. The onset of the symptoms was in first week and resolved completely within 4 weeks in four of them. In two doctors the recovery of olfactory dysfunction to near normal level was delayed and prolonged over 2 and 3 months. The pattern of involvement of basic tastes like sweet, salt, sour and bitter as well as food temperature and texture etc. pointed towards involvement of the gustatory mucosa with non-uniform involvement of the papilla and taste receptors. One of the doctors also experienced reappearance of parosmia and phantosmia in the 3rd month following complete disease resolution. Due to their expertise in the field of Otolaryngology, the recruited doctors represented the precise pattern of progression and resolution of olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in COVID-19. Larger studies are needed to validate our reported universal presence of these symptoms with complete recovery rate following disease resolution.Membranous tonsillitis is the infection of the palatine tonsils where the exudation from the crypts coalesce to form a membrane over the tonsillar surface. It is a stage ahead of the acute follicular tonsillitis. There are different etiologies for membrane formation over the tonsils. The commonest cause in the present scenario is still Corynebacterium diphtheriae. A one year prospective study was conducted on patients presenting with membranous tonsillitis in a tertiary referral centre in North-East India. Proper history was taken, clinical examination and all the necessary investigations were done. The patients were managed conservatively, while a few patients required tracheostomy. learn more In our one year study, we found that majority of the patients presenting with acute membranous tonsillitis were males (65%) and 35% were females. Most of the cases were seen in 6-12 years of age and belonged to the lower socioeconomic group, and also to the lower Assam belt. Most of the cases were seen in the months of November to January. This prospective study gives a view of the different etiologies of acute membranous tonsillitis, its presentation and how its management affects the outcome of the patients and also affects the mortality and morbidity. This study also shows that diphtheria is still prevalent in the current Indian scenario and thus, proper implementation of the vaccination programs and prompt reporting of the cases should be done to prevent outbreaks.Social stigma is the spoilation of the social image of an individual, which leads to the social disapproval of the individual by the community. Patients of many diseases like HIV, deafness, and reproductive disorders often face social disproval. Head & neck cancer survivors perceived stigma due to the mutilation that occurred after surgical treatment procedures. The novel coronavirus is a recently emerged zoonotic viral agent that affects the respiratory system of humans. Following its outbreak from the Wuhan city of China, the COVID-19 spreaded fiercely around the globe, forming a pandemic. Since COVID-19 is a contagious disease with no available treatment, social distancing is considered as the best strategy to prevent the geometric spread of infection. With the social distancing model, the head & neck cancer survivors along with the various other stakeholders perceived stigma being a high-risk group for COVID-19 infection. As the pool of caregivers is diminished due to pandemic, head & neck cancer survivors face increased social isolation and perceived stigma in asking for help from relatives. At the time of the pandemic, social support is critical to fighting against the disease. Social distancing should be maintained along with communication with the patients through calls, text, and online social platforms. It is not wise to stigmatize disease as, in that case, patients who are infected with the disease will try to hide it and avoid seeking medical care. With the promotion of social distancing, it is crucial to convey awareness regarding not to stigmatize the disease.
Protective effects of raspberry (
L.) fruit extract on pituitary-gonadal axis and testicular tissue in diabetic male rats, were investigated.

Sixty male rats were divided into control, sham (saline treated), streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic, and STZ-diabetic animals treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day of raspberry extract. After 4 weeks, blood samples were obtained and left testes were removed and prepared for histopathological studies. Serum levels of Luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, Nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity level were assayed. Sperm number and motility in the epididymis samples were measured. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (one-way analysis of variance).

Serum levels of LH, FSH and MDA significantly increased in diabetic rats, however, treatment with the extract significantly reversed the alterations. Serum levels of testosterone and NO, activity of SOD and CAT, and sperm number and motility significantly decreased and severe destruction of testicular histology was observed in diabetic animals while treatment with the extract significantly reversed the pathologic alterations observed in diabetic rats. According to the results, 100 and 200 mg/kg of the extract were able to effectively reverse the diabetes complications.

Our findings demonstrated that the fruit extract of raspberry has protective effects on male reproductive system in diabetic rats partially due to its improving effects on NO system, and SOD and CAT activity.
Our findings demonstrated that the fruit extract of raspberry has protective effects on male reproductive system in diabetic rats partially due to its improving effects on NO system, and SOD and CAT activity.
Here's my website: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/gsk2830371.html