Notes

Assessment associated with reproductive poisoning regarding carbofuran and water piping sulfate inside men Earth tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).
After endoscopic toothpick removal, the patient's symptoms improved dramatically. Serial endoscopy revealed improvement in the gastric mucosa. This case is an example of phlegmonous gastritis caused by a foreign substance in the gastric wall of a patient with senile dementia. During upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in this case, identification of the base of ulcerative lesion played a critical role in the diagnosis.Background/Aims A switch to systemic therapy, such as sorafenib, should be considered for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients refractory to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). On the other hand, treatment changes are difficult if the liver function worsens to Child-Pugh B or C. Therefore, predicting the risk factors for non-responsiveness to TACE and deteriorating liver function may be helpful. Methods Newly diagnosed Child-Pugh A HCC patients who underwent TACE from January 2012 to June 2018 were included. After 1 year, this study evaluated whether there was a treatment response to TACE and whether the Child-Pugh class had worsened. Results Among 121 patients, 65 were refractory and 56 responded to TACE. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the tumor size, tumor number, and albumin at the time of the diagnosis of HCC were significant prognostic factors for the treatment response to TACE. Among 65 patients who presented TACE-refractoriness, 27 showed liver function deterioration from Child-Pugh class A to class B or C after TACE. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, bilirubin at the diagnosis of HCC was a significant prognostic factor for liver function deterioration. A predictive algorithm based on the regression equations revealed a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of 74.1%, 74.5%, 45.5%, and 90.9%, respectively, for TACE-refractoriness and liver function deterioration. Conclusions The prognostic model incorporating the tumor size, tumor number, albumin, and bilirubin at the diagnosis of HCC may help identify patients who show a poor response to TACE and aggravation of liver function after TACE, who may benefit from early switching into systemic therapy before liver function aggravation.Background/Aims Dysbiosis is an important factor in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Several studies have reported promising results using probiotics for the treatment of IBS. This study evaluated the efficacy of novel probiotics isolated from Kimchi, a Korean fermented food, and the feces of healthy Vietnamese people in a murine model of IBS. Methods Lactobacillus paracasei DK121 was isolated from Kimchi, and L. salivarius V4 and L. plantarum V7 were isolated from the feces of healthy Vietnamese people residing in Korea. Forty rats were allocated to receive one of the study strains, a mixture of the strains, or the vehicle. After 5 days of administration, the rats were restrained in a cage to induce IBS. The effects of the probiotics on IBS were analyzed by evaluating the stool weights and stool consistency scores. Results The primary outcome was analyzed upon the completion of a three-week experiment. The rats in the V7 group showed lower stool weights than those in the control group at week 2 (median 1.10 [V7] vs. 2.35 [control], p=0.04, Mann-Whitney U-test) and week 3 (median 1.10 [V7] vs. 2.80 [control], p=0.017). https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pci-32765.html The rats in the DK121 (median 2.00, p=0.007), V7 (median 2.00, p=0.004), and mixture (median 1.50, p=0.001) groups showed better stool consistency scores at week 2 than the control group (median 3.00). Conclusions The novel probiotics have beneficial effects on defecation in a murine model of IBS. Human studies confirming the efficacy are warranted.Background/Aims An association between obesity and erosive esophagitis has been reported, but the effects of sarcopenia and obesity on erosive esophagitis are unknown. This study examined the relationship between obesity, sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and erosive esophagitis in a large population of asymptomatic men and women. Methods This study analyzed 32,762 subjects who underwent a comprehensive health check-up, which included upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, from August 2006 to December 2011 by a cross-sectional study. Sarcopenia was defined as a decrease in the appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM)/body weight value of two SD or more below the normal means for a younger reference group. Results The study was carried out on four groups according to obesity and sarcopenic status normal, obesity, sarcopenic, and sarcopenic obese group. link2 In a multivariable model, the risk of erosive esophagitis was higher in the obese (adjusted OR [aOR] 1.35, 95% CI 1.22-1.49), sarcopenic (aOR 2.12, 95% CI 1.40-3.19), and sarcopenic obese groups (aOR 1.54, 95% CI 1.27-1.87) than in the normal group. The risk of erosive esophagitis was higher in the sarcopenic and sarcopenic obese groups than the obese group; the ORs were 1.63 (95% CI 1.08-2.47) and 1.22 (95% CI 1.01-1.46), respectively. In dose-response analysis, increasing sarcopenia severity showed a positive and graded relationship with the overall, Los Angeles (LA)-B or higher grade, and LA-C erosive esophagitis. Conclusions This study suggests that sarcopenia is strongly and progressively associated with erosive esophagitis.Artificial intelligence using deep learning has been applied to gastrointestinal disorders for the detection, classification, and delineation of various lesion images. With the accumulation of enormous medical records, the evolution of computation power with graphic processing units, and the widespread use of open-source libraries in large-scale machine learning processes, medical artificial intelligence is overcoming its traditional limitations. This paper explains the basic concepts of deep learning model establishment and summarizes previous studies on upper gastrointestinal disorders. The limitations and perspectives on future development are also discussed.BACKGROUND Overweight and obesity after retirement are likely to be caused by unhealthy eating habits and the energy intake exceeding the energy expenditure. OBJECTIVES This study was designed to assess the effects of two 12-week interventions involving, respectively, either regular physical activity or a modified lower-calorie diet on the anthropometric parameters and blood lipid profiles in overweight and obese retired miners with lipid disorders. link3 DESIGN The study participants (n = 30, aged 58.7 ± 4.1 years, body height 174.8 ± 7.3 cm, body weight 96.6 ± 13.9 kg) were randomly assigned to 2 intervention groups the Nordic walking group (NW), which exercised with intensity from 60 to 70% of participants' maximal heart rates for 1 h 3 times a week, and the modified diet group (MD). Modification of the diet consisted of reducing the daily energy intake by 30%, increasing the dietary content of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids and dietary fiber, and reducing the proportion of saturated fatty acids. The variables assessed at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks were anthropometric parameters (body weight, fat mass content [FM], fat percentage [BF], BMI, waist circumference [WC], hip circumference [HC], and waist-to-hip ratio [WHR]) and blood lipid indicators (total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TG], low density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], and high density lip-oprotein cholesterol [HDL-C]). RESULTS The body weight of the participants in the NW was lower at week 12 by an average of 5 kg, BMI by 6%, FB by 19%, FM by 15%, WC by 8%, HC by 6%, and WHR by 3%. In the MD, the respective decreases were 8 kg and 8, 25, 20, 6, 2, and 7%. In the MD, the postintervention concentrations of TC and TG were within the reference range. CONCLUSION Both 12-week interventions improved the anthropometric parameters and blood lipid profiles of retired heavy manual workers, with the improvements being more pronounced in the dieting group. © 2020 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.OBJECTIVE A multigenetic pro-inflammatory profile may increase stroke risk. We investigated whether a higher number of pro-inflammatory genetic variants are associated with ischaemic stroke risk and whether other risk factors further elevate this risk. METHODS In a case-control study with 470 ischaemic stroke patients (cases) and 807 population controls, we investigated 23 haplotypes or alleles in 16 inflammatory genes (interleukin [IL]1A, IL1B, IL1 receptor antagonist, IL6, IL6 receptor, IL10, tumour necrosis factor-a; C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, C-C motif chemokine receptor 5, C-reactive protein (CRP), intercellular adhesion molecule 1, transforming growth factor β1, E-Selectin, selenoprotein S, cluster determinant 14, histone deacetylase 9 [HDAC9]). We constructed an extended gene score (EGS) as the sum of all individual risk alleles and analysed its effect on stroke, just as its association and interaction with cardiovascular risk factors and infectious scores (IgG antibodies against 5 respectively IgA antibodies against 4 microbial antigens). RESULTS Cases were less likely to carry the minor allele of IL10 rs1800872 and more likely to carry the HDAC9 allele rs11984041 and the pro-inflammatory haplotype of CRP, although the latter was not statistically significant in our study. Overall, cases tended to have more pro-inflammatory alleles and haplotypes than controls (mean ± SD 13.25 ± 2.25 and 13.04 ± 2.41, respectively). However, the EGS only slightly and not significantly increased the risk of stroke (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.99-1.09). Its effect was neither associated with included risk factors nor with IgA and IgG infectious scores, and we found no significant interaction effects. CONCLUSION A more pro-inflammatory genetic profile might increase stroke risk to some extent. This potential effect is most likely independent of established cardiovascular risk factors and the infectious burden of an individual. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.BACKGROUND Brain changes involving the white matter (WM), often an indication of cerebrovascular pathology, are frequently seen in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer disease (AD). Few studies have examined possible cognitive domain- or group-specific cognitive effects of WM pathology in old age, MCI, and AD. OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to examine the relationship between WM hyperintensities (WMH), a typical marker for WM pathology, and cognitive functioning in healthy old age and pathological aging using quantified MRI data. METHODS We utilized multidomain neuropsychological data and quantified MRI data from a sample of 42 cognitively healthy older adults and 44 patients with MCI/AD (total n = 86). RESULTS After controlling for age and education, WMH in the temporal and parieto-occipital lobes was associated with impairments in processing speed and parieto-occipital pathology with verbal memory impairment in the whole sample. Additionally, temporal WMH was associated with impaired processing speed in the patient group specifically. CONCLUSIONS WM pathology is strongly associated with impaired processing speed, and our results indicate that these impairments arise from WMH in the temporal and parieto-occipital regions. In MCI and AD patients with temporal WMH, processing speed impairments are especially prominent. The results of this study increase our knowledge of cognitive repercussions stemming from temporal and/or parieto-occipital WM pathology in healthy and pathological aging. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pci-32765.html