Notes

Neuronal figure-ground answers within primate primary hearing cortex.
e of addressing pervasive societal and structural systems that maintain inequities hindering women's progress in the scientific workforce.
Achieving pervasive and sustained changes that move toward gender equity in research requires solutions that address multilevel, explicit and implicit influences on women's advancement in science. Suggestions include shifting familial and institutional norms, creating support systems for women with female mentors, and enforcing consistent policies regarding the roles and expectations of faculty. Findings shed light on the influence of gender on career progression by providing context for the experiences of women and underscore the importance of addressing pervasive societal and structural systems that maintain inequities hindering women's progress in the scientific workforce.Morbidity and mortality conferences (MMCs) are a long-held legacy institution in academic medicine that enable medical providers and hospital administrators to learn from systemic and individual errors, thereby leading to improved medical care. Originally, this forum had 1 major role-education. The MMC evolved and a second key role was added quality improvement. In the wake of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, a second evolution-one that will humanize the MMC-is required. The pandemic emphasizes the need to use MMCs not only as a place to discuss errors but also as a place for medical providers to reflect on lives lost. The authors' review of the literature regarding MMCs indicates that most studies focus on enabling MMCs to become a forum for quality improvement, while none have emphasized the need to humanize MMCs to decrease medical provider burnout and improve patient satisfaction. Permitting clinicians to be human on the job requires restructuring the MMC to provide a space for reflection and, ultimately, defining a new purpose and charge for the MMC. The authors have 3 main recommendations. First, principles of humanism such as compassion, empathy, and respect, in particular, should be incorporated into traditional MMCs. Second, shorter gatherings devoted to giving clinicians the opportunity to focus on their humanity should be arranged. Third, an MMC focused entirely on the human aspects of medical care should be periodically arranged to provide an outlet for storytelling, artistic expression, and reflection. Humanizing the MMC-a core symposium in clinical medicine worldwide-could be the first step in revitalizing the spirit at the heart of medicine, one dedicated to health and healing. This spirit, which has been eroding as the field of medicine becomes increasingly corporate in structure and mission, is as essential during peaceful times in health care as during a pandemic.
Although survivors of childhood cancer are at risk of chronic pain, the impact of pain on daily functioning is not well understood.

A total of 2836 survivors (mean age, 32.2 years [SD, 8.5 years]; mean time since diagnosis, 23.7 years [SD, 8.2 years]) and 343 noncancer community controls (mean age, 35.5 years [SD, 10.2 years]) underwent comprehensive medical, neurocognitive, and physical performance assessments, and completed measures of pain, health-related quality of life (HRQOL), and social functioning. Multinomial logistic regression models, using odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), examined associations between diagnosis, treatment exposures, chronic health conditions, and pain. Relative risks (RRs) between pain and neurocognition, physical performance, social functioning, and HRQOL were examined using modified Poisson regression.

Approximately 18% of survivors (95% CI, 16.1%-18.9%) versus 8% of controls (95% CI, 5.0%-10.9%) reported moderate to very severe pain with moderate to extain and associated functional impairments. Survivors should be screened routinely for pain and interventions targeting pain interference are needed.Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) can be a major contributory factor in death from fire-related inhalation injury. Although carbon monoxide (CO) is considered the lethal agent of smoke in fires, its liability as a cause of death is sometimes debatable. The purpose of this report is to present the case of an 80-year-old man with locomotor disabilities who died due to an open space fire of vegetation debris and household waste in his yard. We evaluated here the concentrations of HCN and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) and their contribution to the mechanism of death. In addition, the risk factors and the contributing effect of the factors that compose the complex toxic environment that develops in fires were discussed. COHb was determined by spectrophotometry as recommended by Katsumata et al. Inhibitor high throughput screening in 1982. HCN was determined with ninhydrin in postmortem blood samples after removal with 20% phosphoric acid and capture in a potassium carbonate solution. A toxic concentration of 1.3 μg ml-1 HCN and a lethal COHb level of 73.7% were determined in the blood samples. Although death was mainly attributed to CO poisoning and extremely severe burns in this open space burning case, the additive effect of HCN in the mechanism of death was also highlighted. The results suggested the possibility that the man's clothing may have played an important role in the production of HCN in this open space fire, as well as other types of garbage that were burned.
Sarcopenia is associated with adverse outcomes among older adults with cancer; however, no easily applied sarcopenia measure exists for use in clinical practice. The use of SARC-F, a 5-item self-reported sarcopenia screening questionnaire, among older adults with cancer remains to be investigated.

Older adults (aged ≥60 years) with cancer enrolled in the University of Alabama Cancer and Aging Resilience Evaluation Registry were identified. Patients completed the SARC-F questionnaire (with scores ≥4 considered positive for sarcopenia). The authors assessed for differences in geriatric assessment domain impairments, health-related quality of life, and health care utilization between those with and without sarcopenia using multivariate regression, then assessed the association of sarcopenia with survival using Kaplan-Meier methods and a Cox regression model, adjusting for covariates.

In total, 256 older adults were identified. The median age was 69 years, 59% of participants were men, and 75% were White. The median SARC-F score was 2 (interquartile range, 0-4), and 33% of participants screened positive.
Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/screening/inhibitor-library.html