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Crossbreed halide perovskite neutron sensors.
To examine the cross-sectional relationship between sleep duration and 11 chronic diseases (risk of obesity, depression, diabetes, asthma, COPD, arthritis, kidney, CHD, stroke, and cancer [excluding skin cancer]) by using data from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.

Using data from the 2013, 2014 and 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a total sample consisted of 1,191,768 participants. Logistic regression models were constructed to calculate OR and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between sleep duration and 11 chronic diseases. In addition, we also conducted subgroup analysis based on age and gender.

In multi-adjusted model, the positive association between extremely short or long sleep duration and risk of chronic diseases was significant (P<0.05) with the exception of skin cancer (P=0.14 and P=0.43). There are stronger association between extremely short or long sleep duration and obesity, diabetes, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arthritis, kidney, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer in women and aged 18-64 years old.

Our results indicated a higher risk of common chronic diseases due to short or long sleep duration in women and aged 18-64 years. Further studies are needed to demonstrate these association.
Our results indicated a higher risk of common chronic diseases due to short or long sleep duration in women and aged 18-64 years. Further studies are needed to demonstrate these association.Short duration sleep and somatic complaints (bodily complaints like aches/pains or GI distress) are common in adolescence and may be linked, yet no published studies have tested causation. In this study, healthy adolescents (n = 30; 14-18yrs) completed a three-week, within-subject cross-over experiment. Following a sleep stabilization week, adolescents were randomized (in counterbalanced order) to five nights of 6.5hrs in bed (Insufficient Sleep) or 9.5hrs in bed (Sufficient Sleep), each preceded by a two-night "washout." Somatic complaints were assessed via the Children's Somatic Symptoms Inventory (CSSI-24) and the Pain and Symptom Assessment Tool (PSAT) concluding each condition. Adherence to experimental condition was confirmed via actigraphy. Adolescents slept two fewer hours and reported significantly greater frequency and severity of somatic complaints during the Insufficient Sleep (vs. Sufficient Sleep) condition. Restricting sleep opportunity to a level common in adolescence causally increased somatic complaints in otherwise healthy adolescents. Findings support clinical and preventative efforts to address pervasively inadequate sleep in adolescence.
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is present in more than 70% of stroke patients. Despite its association with increased morbidity, mortality, and reduced functional outcomes, targeted assessment of SDB in stroke patients, remain controversial. Polysomnography ("gold standard" examination) is a technically demanding and costly test with limited availability. The use of screening questionnaires is limited due to low specificity and sensitivity. Pulse oximetry seems to be a sensible alternative. Our study aimed to assess the feasibility and predictive value of routine pulse oximetric screening for assessment of SDB in patients with acute stroke.

Patients with acute stroke were enrolled in an open, prospective study. A single-night pulse oximetric assessment was used for SDB screening. Subsequently, polysomnography was performed to confirm SDB. Moderate-to-severe SDB was defined as apnea-hypopnea index ≥15.

Out of 420 enrolled patients, refusal to undergo examination was reported in 4 and non-cooperation duaboratory.Data regarding the possible relationship of insomnia and EDS with mortality are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between these sleep complaints and the risk of long-term (20 years) all-cause mortality in older adults. Between April 2000 and March 2001, 750 subjects aged 65 years and older, who resided in the seventh district of Udine, were recruited. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, past medical history, and pharmacological treatment were collected. Dementia was diagnosed using a comprehensive neurological and neuroradiological assessment. Older adults were interviewed by neuropsychologists trained in sleep disturbances in order to assess the presence of sleep complaints. Vital status was followed over 20 years until March 2020. Older male adults affected by insomnia and EDS were significantly more likely to die over the follow-up period. Indeed, males reporting poor sleep and daytime somnolence had a 60% and 48% higher chance of dying than subjects who were not affected by these sleep complaints, respectively. The HR was attenuated after adjusting for confounding variables among insomniacs, whereas that of somnolent men strengthened. Differently from men, insomnia and EDS did not have any impact on mortality in older women. In conclusion, older male adults affected by insomnia and EDS had a significant increased risk of mortality, which is independent of cancer, depression, dementia, cardiovascular diseases, and sleeping pill use.
To evaluate the association of sleep problems with weight and waist size gain during four years of follow-up.

We investigated 13,030 participants (35-74 years) of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), a multicentric cohort conducted with civil servants from six academic institutions recruited between 2008 and 2010. Sleep problems were assessed at baseline by the Clinical Interview Schedule - Revised (CIS-R), designed to detect common mental disorders based on somatic, depressive and anxiety symptoms. Weight and waist size were measured at baseline and at follow-up (2012-2014). Large weight and waist size gain were defined as ≥ 90th percentile (≥1.65kg/year and ≥2.41cm/year, respectively).

Sleep problems were associated with higher risk of a large weight gain (RR=1.11; 95% CI 1.01-1.24) and large waist size gain (RR=1.19; 95% CI 1.07-1.32), adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, income, educational level, investigation center, smoking, alcohol intake, dietary energy intake, leisure-time physical activity and body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference at baseline. After additional adjustment for common mental disorders the associations became non-significant (RR=0.99; 95% CI 0.88-1.12; RR=1.08; 95% CI 0.97-1.22, respectively).

Sleep problems are associated with increased risk of developing large weight and waist size gain, but are not independently associated with common mental disorders.
Sleep problems are associated with increased risk of developing large weight and waist size gain, but are not independently associated with common mental disorders.The wide application of plastic products led to the wide exposure of plasticizer in environment. As a new environmental pollutant, plasticizers' toxicity researches were far from enough in fish. In order to further explore these mechanisms, we used Diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), a common plasticizer, treated the grass carp hepatocytes, and selected Eucalyptol (EUC) to study its antagonistic effect on DEHP. The results showed that after DEHP exposure, oxidative stress level and inflammation in grass carp hepatocytes were increased, and then mRNA and protein expression of apoptosis related markers were increased significantly, leading to hepatocytes apoptosis. Moreover, AO/EB staining and Hoethst staining also showed that the number of apoptotic cells increased after DEHP exposure. It should be noted that both EUC pretreatment and EUC simultaneous treatment could alleviate the oxidative stress, levels of inflammatory factors and apoptosis induced by DEHP. In comparison, the effect of EUC simultaneous treatment was better. Our results showed that DEHP induced apoptosis in grass carp hepatocytes through oxidative stress and inflammation, while EUC could alleviate apoptosis by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation caused by DEHP. The innovation of this study was to explore the interaction between DEHP and EUC for the first time. This study found that DEHP could cause apoptosis in grass carp hepatocytes through oxidative stress and inflammation; EUC had a good antagonistic effect on a series of damage in grass carp hepatocytes caused by DEHP, and EUC pretreatment and simultaneous treatment had a certain effect, among which, simultaneous treatment had a better effect. This study enriched the theoretical mechanism of DEHP toxicity in fish hepatocytes, and put forward the methods to solve the toxicity of DEHP.In this study, a highly effective combined biochar and metal-immobilizing bacteria (Bacillus megaterium H3 and Serratia liquefaciens CL-1) (BHC) was characterized for its effects on solution Pb and Cd immobilization and edible tissue biomass and Pb and Cd accumulation in Chinese cabbages and radishes and the mechanisms involved in metal-polluted soils. In the metal-containing solution treated with BHC, the Pb and Cd concentrations decreased, while the pH and cell numbers of strains H3 and CL-1 increased over time. BHC significantly increased the edible tissue dry weight by 17-34% and reduced the edible tissue Pb (0.32-0.46 mg kg-1) and Cd (0.16 mg kg-1) contents of the vegetables by 24-45%. In the vegetable rhizosphere soils, BHC significantly decreased the acid-soluble Pb (1.81-2.21 mg kg-1) and Cd (0.40-0.48 mg kg-1) contents by 26-47% and increased the reducible Pb (18.2-18.8 mg kg-1) and Cd (0.38-0.39 mg kg-1) contents by 10-111%; while BHC also significantly increased the pH, urease activity by 115-169%, amorphous Fe oxides content by 12-19%, and relative abundance of gene copy numbers of Fe- and Mn-oxidising Leptothrix species by 28-73% compared with the controls. WP1130 price These results suggested that BHC decreased edible tissue metal uptake of the vegetables by increasing pH, urease activity, amorphous Fe oxides, and Leptothrix species abundance in polluted soil. These results may provide an effective and eco-friendly way for metal remediation and reducing metal uptake in vegetables by using combined biochar and metal-immobilizing bacteria in polluted soils.Pig farm wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are an important repository for resistant bacterial communities (RBCs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, the relationship between RBCs and ARG hosts has not been well characterized. link2 In this study, water samples from influent and effluent from five pig farm WWTPs were collected. Gradient concentrations of doxycycline (DOX) were used to screen the culturable RBCs. The abundance of 21 subtypes of ARGs and the bacterial community were investigated. This study detected a large number of culturable DOX-RBCs and ARGs in the influent and effluent of pig farm WWTPs. The abundances of ARGs and RBCs in all effluent samples was significantly lower than that in the influent samples (P less then 0.05), which indicated that the WWTPs can effectively remove most ARGs and RBCs in pig farm wastewater. link3 The main potential culturable RBCs in pig farm wastewater were the dominant bacteria Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Pseudomonas, and Rheinheimera. However, most of the ARGs were mainly present in Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Corynebacteriaceae, Macellibacteroides, Acinetobacter, and Enterobacteriaceae, which are considered potential ARG hosts. The results presented here showed that there were obvious differences between the species of culturable DOX-RBCs and ARG hosts in the pig farm WWTPs, which may be due to various environmental factors. This highlights the urgent need for further research on the relationship between RBCs and ARG hosts.
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