Notes

Salvadora persica shields sex drive by reduction of corticosterone and increasing the actual androgenic hormone or testosterone quantities inside long-term tobacco smoke publicity rats.
Individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation demonstrate significantly increased rates of osteoarthritis in their sound knee. This increased risk is likely the result of altered knee mechanical loading and gait compensations resulting from limited function in the prosthetic limb. Altered knee loading as calculated using loading rates and peak external knee adduction moments and impulses have been associated with both the development and progression of knee osteoarthritis in other populations. The purpose of this study was to determine if young individuals with transfemoral amputation demonstrate biomechanical indicators of increased knee osteoarthritis risk.

Fourteen young male Service Members with unilateral transfemoral amputation and 14 able-bodied service members underwent biomechanical gait analysis at three standardized walking velocities. A two-way ANOVA (group × speed) with unpaired comparisons with Bonferroni-Holm post-hoc corrections assessed statistical significance and effect sizes (d) d loading rates could place the sound knee at greater risk for cartilage or other tissue damage, even if not localized to the medial compartment.This guideline is an evidence based, practical clinical approach to the management of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. Since the previous SOMANZ guideline published in 2008, there has been significant international progress towards harmonisation of definitions in relation to both the diagnosis and management of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. This reflects increasing knowledge of the pathophysiology of these conditions, as well as their clinical manifestations. In addition, the guideline includes the management of chronic hypertension in pregnancy, an approach to screening, advice regarding prevention of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and discussion of recurrence risks and long term risk to maternal health. The literature reviewed included the previous SOMANZ Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy guideline from 2008 and its reference list, plus all other published National and International Guidelines on this subject. Medline, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials (CCRCT), National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Evidence Search, and Database of Abstracts and Reviews of Effects (DARE) were searched for literature published between January 2007 and March, 2014.
The objective of this study was to assess the presence of newly acquired preterm birth (PTB) risk factors among primiparous women with no prior history of PTB.

Case-control study.

Deliveries occurring within a large healthcare system from 2002 to 2012.

Women with their first two consecutive pregnancies carried to ≥20(0/7) weeks' gestation.

Those delivering the first pregnancy at term and the second preterm ≥20(0/7) and <37(0/7) weeks (term-preterm cases) were compared with women with a term birth in their first two pregnancies (term-term controls). Social factors with the potential to change between the first and second pregnancies and intrapartum labour characteristics in the first pregnancy were compared between cases and controls.

Risk factors for term-preterm sequence.

About 38215 women met inclusion criteria; 1353 (3.8%) were term-preterm cases. Cases and controls were similar with regard to race/ethnicity and maternal age at the time of the first and second deliveries. Cases delivered their second pregnancy approximately 3weeks earlier (35.7 versus 39.1, P<0.001). In multivariable models accounting for known PTB risk factors, women with a caesarean delivery in the first pregnancy [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=2.20; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.57-3.08], new tobacco use (aOR=2.33; 95% CI 1.61-3.38), and an interpregnancy interval <18months (aOR=1.37; 95% CI 1.21-1.55) were at increased risk of term-preterm sequence.

Caesarean delivery in the first pregnancy, new tobacco use, and short interpregnancy interval <18months are significant risk factors for term-preterm sequence. Women should receive postpartum counselling regarding appropriate interpregnancy interval and cessation of tobacco use.

Caesarean delivery in the 1st pregnancy is a significant risk factor for preterm birth following a term delivery.
Caesarean delivery in the 1st pregnancy is a significant risk factor for preterm birth following a term delivery.
Theory has offered suggestions on how people may adjust their personal goals after goal disturbance or altered life situations. However, the actual use of these goal adjustment strategies has rarely been studied. This study aimed to investigate whether the goal adjustment strategies identified in the literature are used in the first 6 months following a diagnosis of cancer and whether alternative strategies can be identified.

Exploratory design with a qualitative method of data collection.

Patients were asked to list their current personal goals within a month after being diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Six months later, they were asked what had happened to each of these goals. For each goal, raters scored whether (1) it was achieved or being pursued as planned, (2) a known strategy was used, or (3) an alternative strategy was used.

Patients with colorectal cancer (n = 130) reported that more than half of their goals had been achieved or were being pursued as planned. The remaining goals (n = 210) rlternative strategies, thereby complementing and expanding theories on goal adjustment.
Unplanned 30-day hospital readmission account for roughly $17 billion in annual Medicare spending. Many factors contribute to unplanned hospital readmissions and multiple models have been developed over the years to predict them. Most researchers have used insurance claims or administrative data to train and operationalize their Readmission Risk Prediction Models (RRPMs). Some RRPM developers have also used electronic health records data; however, using health informatics exchange data has been uncommon among such predictive models and can be beneficial in its ability to provide real-time alerts to providers at the point of care.

We conducted a semi-systematic review of readmission predictive factors published prior to March 2013. Then, we extracted and merged all significant variables listed in those articles for RRPMs. Finally, we matched these variables with common HL7 messages transmitted by a sample of health information exchange organizations (HIO).

The semi-systematic review resulted in identificethods that integrate into the workflow of providers to ensure that patients at high-risk for readmission receive the care they need.
A RRPM derived using HIO data exchanged through may prove to be a useful method to prevent unplanned hospital readmissions. In order for the RRPM derived from HIO data to be effective, hospitals must actively exchange clinical information through the HIO and develop actionable methods that integrate into the workflow of providers to ensure that patients at high-risk for readmission receive the care they need.
To survey researchers' efforts in response to the new and disruptive technology of smartphone medical apps, mapping the research landscape form the literature into a coherent taxonomy, and finding out basic characteristics of this emerging field represented on motivation of using smartphone apps in medicine and healthcare, open challenges that hinder the utility, and the recommendations to improve the acceptance and use of medical apps in the literature.

We performed a focused search for every article on (1) smartphone (2) medical or health-related (3) app, in four major databases MEDLINE, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and IEEE Xplore. Those databases are deemed broad enough to cover both medical and technical literature.

The final set included 133 articles. Most articles (68/133) are reviews and surveys that refer to actual apps or the literature to describe medical apps for a specific specialty, disease, or purpose; or to provide a general overview of the technology. Another group (43/133) carried various studies, from evaluation of apps to exploration of desired features when developing them. mTOR inhibitor Few researchers (17/133) presented actual attempts to develop medical apps, or shared their experiences in doing so. The smallest portion (5/133) proposed general frameworks addressing the production or operation of apps.

Since 2010, researchers followed the trend of medical apps in several ways, though leaving areas or aspect for further attention. Regardless of their category, articles focus on the challenges that hinder the full utility of medical apps and do recommend mitigations to them.

Research on smartphone medical apps is active and various. We hope that this survey contribute to the understanding of the available options and gaps for other researchers to join this line of research.
Research on smartphone medical apps is active and various. We hope that this survey contribute to the understanding of the available options and gaps for other researchers to join this line of research.Glass transition is accompanied by a rapid growth of the structural relaxation time and a concomitant decrease of configurational entropy. It remains unclear whether the transition has a thermodynamic origin, and whether the dynamic arrest is associated with the growth of a certain static order. Using granular packing as a model hard-sphere glass, we show the glass transition as a thermodynamic phase transition with a 'hidden' polytetrahedral order. This polytetrahedral order is spatially correlated with the slow dynamics. It is geometrically frustrated and has a peculiar fractal dimension. Additionally, as the packing fraction increases, its growth follows an entropy-driven nucleation process, similar to that of the random first-order transition theory. Our study essentially identifies a long-sought-after structural glass order in hard-sphere glasses.CW-ESR line broadening experiments are used to investigate the kinetics of fast hydrogen atom self-exchange reactions. The system NHPI/PINO˙ was studied in five different aprotic organic solvents at room temperature with a focus on the influence of the viscosity of the medium. Our findings support the theoretical descriptions derived from the statistical dynamics of the impact of the reorganization of the medium. In an Arrhenius type description the influence appears in the preexponential factor as a linear dependence on the dynamic viscosity.
The bond strength of dental porcelain to titanium is inadequate as a clinical alternative to conventional alloys for metal ceramic restorations.

The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of coating titanium surface with a micro-arc oxidation (MAO) technique and hydroxyapatite (HA) on the bond strength of porcelain to titanium surfaces.

One hundred twenty machined titanium specimens with a dimension of 25×3×0.5 mm were prepared from grade 5 titanium as the metal substrate. Specimens were divided into 6 groups (n=20) according to the surface treatment used airborne-particle abraded (control), coated with MAO for 5 minutes, coated with MAO for 15 minutes, coated with MAO for 30 minutes, coated with HA, and combination of MAO and HA. Each group was further divided into 2 subgroups (n=10) according to the type of porcelain used Noritake Ti-22 porcelain or Vita-Titankeramik porcelain. The bond strength was tested with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed statistically with 2-way ANOVA and Tukey honest significant differences multiple comparison tests (α=.
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