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Simple and productive way of making high radionuclidic purity 111In making use of enriched 112Cd targeted.
Heliconia rostrata Ruiz and Pav. belongs to the family Heliconiaceae. Plant was traditionally used to cure jaundice, intestinal pain, diabetes and hypertension.

Present study evaluated hepatoprotective efficacy of ethanol (REE) and methanol (RME) extracts of H. rostrata rhizomes in HepG2 cell lines and rats. Antioxidant efficacy of extracts was determined using ex vivo and in vivo methods.

Before conducting efficacy studies, safety of REE and RME was established using toxicity studies which included Oral acute-fixed dose toxicity using OECD TG420, 28-days repeated dose oral toxicity by OECD TG407 and cytotoxicity studies by brine shrimp lethality (BSL) bioassay and MTT assay taking HepG2 cell line. Ex vivo (Extracts 0-250μg/ml) and in vivo (Extracts 50, 100 and 200mg/kg) antioxidant studies were performed on fresh goat liver and rats (N=45) of either sex, respectively. In vitro hepatoprotective efficacy of extracts was evaluated against ethanol induced toxicity in HepG2 cell line. In vivo study was perfced hepatotoxicity. At 400μg/ml, REE and RME demonstrated percentage protection of 65.53% and 57.98%, respectively. Results of liver function test and histopathological evaluation of liver in in vivo hepatoprotective study confirmed dose dependent protection provided by the extracts against CCl
-induced hepatotoxicity.

Both REE and RME were found safe to be considered for therapeutic uses. Both REE and RME were found to exhibit antioxidant efficacy in ex vivo and in vivo models. Results ascertained that H. rostrata rhizomes possess significant hepatoprotective potency.
Both REE and RME were found safe to be considered for therapeutic uses. Both REE and RME were found to exhibit antioxidant efficacy in ex vivo and in vivo models. Results ascertained that H. rostrata rhizomes possess significant hepatoprotective potency.
Elaeagnus conferta Roxb. (Elaeagnaceae) is a subtropical shrub mainly native to India, Vietnam, Malaysia and South China, whose various parts are used for treatment of diabetes, gastric ulcers, pain, oxidative stress and pulmonary disorders. Though the other parts of the plant have been reported for their ethnic use i.e. fruits as astringent locally and for cancer systemically, leaves for body pain and flowers for pain in chest and the seeds are mentioned as edible, there is no report per se on the medicinal use of seeds. Based on the fact that seeds of closely resembling species i.e. Elaeagnus rhamnoides has demonstrated significant anti-gastroulcerative property, the probability of the seeds of E. conferta possessing similar activity seemed quite significant.

Phytochemical investigation and assessment of pharmacological mechanism(s) involved in anti-ulcer effect of methanolic extract of the seeds of E. conferta.

Bioactive phytoconstituents were isolated by column chromatography. These were identified roperty via suppression of TNF-α and IL-6, thus offers a complete and holistic approach for management of peptic ulcer.Cyanide is a fast-acting toxicant that inhibits aerobic cellular respiration in mitochondria. Historically, amyl nitrite has been used to treat cyanide poisoning. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of intranasal (IN) administration of stabilized isoamyl nitrite (SIAN) against lethal potassium cyanide (KCN) intravenous (IV) challenge in a conscious nonhuman primate (NHP) model. Animals received an IV infusion of a 1 mg/mL KCN solution at a dose of 3.25 mg/kg for 15 min. The IN SIAN treatment was administered at 10 or 12 min post-start of KCN challenge and monkeys were monitored for survival, clinical signs, respiratory and cardiovascular changes via continuous telemetry recording. In addition, blood methemoglobin (metHb) levels and blood gases were closely monitored after KCN administration. Mid to mid-high doses (13.5 or 27.0 μL/kg) of SIAN treatments at 10 min post KCN challenge significantly increased animal survival. Improvements were also observed in respiratory and cardiovascular functions. The benefits of SIAN treatment decreased when treatment was delayed to 12 min post cyanide exposure. IN administration of SIAN 10 min following initiation of a lethal dose KCN infusion produced 100% survival (at doses ≥ 13.5 μL/kg) in NHP model of lethal cyanide intoxication.Excessive generalization of fear and avoidance are hallmark symptoms of chronic pain disability, yet research focusing on the mechanisms underlying generalization of avoidance specifically, is scarce. Two experiments investigated the boundary conditions of costly pain-related avoidance generalization in healthy participants who learned to avoid pain by performing increasingly effortful (in terms of deviation and force) arm-movements using a robot-arm (acquisition). During generalization, novel, but similar arm-movements, without pain, were tested. Experiment 1 (N = 64) aimed to facilitate generalization to these movements by reducing visual contextual changes between acquisition and generalization, whereas Experiment 2 (N = 70) aimed to prevent extinction by increasing pain uncertainty. Both experiments showed generalization of pain-expectancies and pain-related fear. However, Experiment 2 was the first and only to also demonstrate generalization of avoidance, ie, choosing the novel effortful arm-movements in the absence of pain. These results suggest that uncertainty about the occurrence of pain may delay recovery, due to reduced disconfirmation of threat beliefs when exploring, resulting in persistent avoidance. PERSPECTIVE This article demonstrates generalization of instrumentally acquired costly pain-related avoidance in healthy people under conditions of uncertainty. The results suggest that targeting pain-related uncertainty may be a useful tool for clinicians adopting a psychological approach to treating excessive pain-related avoidance in chronic pain.The kinematic analysis in tennis forehand drive is crucial to understand the quality of this technique. The inertial measurement units (IMUs) due to its portability, occlusion free, larger capturing area and faster set up preparation, present an alternative to the optical motion capture systems (OS) considered a reference criterion system, however the degree of accuracy is task specific. This study aimed to compare the concurrent validity of a IMUs (Xsens MVN system) with an OS (Qualisys AB) for measuring upper and lower limb kinematics. Variables were evaluated during the forehand drive acceleration phase performed by 29 participants. The results demonstrated an excellent coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC) values (CMC ≥ 0.95), for the majority of the variables with exception of shoulder in the anteroposterior plane (CMC 0.85), and elbow in the axial plane (CMC 0.79). Root-mean-square error (RMSE) were considered from good to tolerable (1.5° ≤ RMSE ≤ 6.7°), with exception of the elbow joint angle in transverse plane (RMSE 13.1°). One dimensional (1D) statistical parametrical mapping (SPM) demonstrated good agreement between the two systems, with exception of elbow in transverse plane. The present work presents an important advancement to a more frequently use of the IMU's in tennis, as well as in other racket sports.The hippocampus is a highly plastic brain structure supporting functions central to human cognition. Morphological changes in the hippocampus have been implicated in development, aging, as well as in a broad range of neurological and psychiatric disorders. A growing body of research suggests that hippocampal plasticity is closely linked to the actions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). However, evidence on the relationship between hippocampal volume (HCV) and peripheral BDNF levels is scarce and limited to elderly and patient populations. Further, despite evidence that BDNF expression differs throughout the hippocampus and is implicated in adult neurogenesis specifically in the dentate gyrus, no study has so far related peripheral BDNF levels to the volumes of individual hippocampal subfields. Besides its clinical implications, BDNF-facilitated hippocampal plasticity plays an important role in regulating cognitive and affective processes. In the current registered report, we investigated how serum Btrophic capacity is absent.Animal studies using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and learning paradigms have demonstrated that serotonin is important for flexibility in executive functions and learning. SSRIs might facilitate relearning through neuroplastic processes and thus exert their clinical effects in psychiatric diseases where cognitive functioning is affected. Lusutrombopag purchase However, translation of these mechanisms to humans is missing. In this randomized placebo-controlled trial, we assessed functional brain activation during learning and memory retrieval in healthy volunteers performing associative learning tasks aiming to translate facilitated relearning by SSRIs. To this extent, seventy-six participants underwent three MRI scanning sessions (1) at baseline, (2) after three weeks of daily associative learning and subsequent retrieval (face-matching or Chinese character-noun matching) and (3) after three weeks of relearning under escitalopram (10 mg/day) or placebo. Associative learning and retrieval tasks were performed duri previous literature. We extend the function of this region by demonstrating its activation is not only stimulus dependent but also time constrained. Finally, we were able to show that escitalopram aids in relearning, irrespective of content.It is widely believed that the formation of brain network architecture is under the pressure of optimal trade-off between reducing wiring cost and promoting communication efficiency. However, the questions of whether this trade-off exists in empirical human brain structural networks and, if so, how it takes effect are still not well understood. Here, we employed a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm to directly and quantitatively explore the cost-efficiency trade-off in human brain structural networks. Using this algorithm, we generated a population of synthetic networks with optimal but diverse cost-efficiency trade-offs. It was found that these synthetic networks could not only reproduce a large portion of connections in the empirical brain structural networks but also embed a resembling small-world organization. Moreover, the synthetic and empirical brain networks were found similar in terms of the spatial arrangement of hub regions and the modular structure, which are two important topological features widely assumed to be outcomes of cost-efficiency trade-offs. The synthetic networks had high robustness against random attacks as the empirical brain networks did. Additionally, we also revealed some differences between the synthetic networks and the empirical brain networks, including lower segregated processing capacity and weaker robustness against targeted attacks in the synthetic networks. These findings provide direct and quantitative evidence that the structure of human brain networks is indeed largely influenced by optimal cost-efficiency trade-offs. We also suggest that some additional factors (e.g., segregated processing capacity) might jointly determine the network organization with cost and efficiency.
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