Notes

3-methyadenine stops lipopolysaccharides-induced pulmonary swelling at the early stage regarding silicosis by means of obstructing NF-κB signaling pathway.
The purpose of this study was to explore characteristics of Internet users who seek health insurance information online, as well as factors affecting their behaviors in seeking health insurance information. Secondary data analysis was conducted using data from the 2012 Pew Internet Health Tracking Survey. Of 2,305 Internet user adults, only 29% were seeking health insurance information online. Bivariate analyses were conducted to test differences in characteristics of those who seek health insurance information online and those who do not. A logistic regression model was used to determine significant predictors of health insurance information-seeking behavior online. Findings suggested that factors such as being a single parent, having a high school education or less, and being uninsured were significant and those individuals were less likely to seek health insurance information online. Being a family caregiver of an adult and those who bought private health insurance or were entitled to Medicare were more likely to seek health insurance information online than non-caregivers and the uninsured. The findings suggested the need to provide quality health insurance information online is critical for both the insured and uninsured population.We report an improved method for synthesizing gold nanorods (GNRs) by using 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene as a reducing agent. The method allows a rich array of monodispersed GNRs with longitudinal surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) tunable from 698 to 913 nm to be generated. A large range of diameter distribution of GNRs from 9.3 to 32.2 nm with exceptional monodispersity can be well prepared by this method. These findings indicate that this method has greater performance in controlling the morphology of GNRs than that of traditional approaches with ascorbic acid as a reductant.A novel nanocomposite has been developed using extracted cellulose from marine algae coated with conductive polypyrrole and graphene nanoplateletes. The nanocomposite fabricated via in situ polymerization was used as an electrode for a supercapacitor device. The nanocomposite material has been electrochemically characterized using cyclic voltammetry to test its potential to super-capacitive behavior. The specific capacitance of polypyrrole-graphene-cellulose nanocomposite as calculated from cyclic voltammetry curve is 91.5 Fg-1 at the scan rate 50 mV s-1. Transmission electron microscope images show the polymerized polypyrrole -graphene coated cellulosic nanofibers. Scanning electron microscope images reveal an interesting "necklace" like beaded morphology on the cellulose fibers. It is observed that the necklace like structure start to disintegrate with the increase in graphene concentration. The open circuit voltage of the device with polypyrrole-graphene-cellulose electrode was found to be around 225 mV and that of the polypyrrole-cellulose device is only 53 mV without graphene. The results suggest marked improvement in the performance of the nanocomposite supercapacitor device upon graphene inclusion.This search used the low-cost boric acid and borax as a source of boron, urea as a nitrogen source, surface-active agent Dodecyl benzenesulfonic acid (SDBS) as a dispersant, and thus prepared different micro-morphology and crystallinity hexagonal boron nitride powders under a flowing ammonia atmosphere at a nitriding temperature of 900 °C. The effect of the surface-active agent (SDBS) content on the crystallinity and micro-morphology of hexagonal boron nitride powders was studied, and the corresponding relationship between micro-morphology and crystallinity was explored. The results showed that under a certain synthetic process (900 °C for 3 h), the surfactant content had affected the crystallinity and micro-morphology of h-BN powders. Without the added surfactant, the graphitization index (GI) was 3.61, and micro-morphology of h-BN powders. Talazoparib supplier was spherical, the distribution of ball diameters was uneven, and there was also significant particle agglomeration, with some particles even exhibiting adhesion, sintering necks, and high sphericity and diameter. link2 When the added SDBS percentages were 2%, 4% and 6%, the graphitization index (GI) decreased to 2.98, 2.58 and 2.41 respectively the corresponding crystallinity improved significantly. When the surfactant SDBS content was higher (10%), the diameter distribution of the h-BN powders was even, but there was evidence of agglomeration of particles and particle adhesion. The crystallinity decreased when the GI value was increased to 4. When the surfactant SDBS content was 6%, the dispersion of h-BN powders was at its optimum, and the particle size distribution was at its most uniform. Meanwhile the GI value was at its lowest, and the crystallinity at its highest.Palladium was impregnated on carbon particles with various structures using 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Hmim][PF6]) to synthesize a catalyst for hexafluoropropylene hydrogenation. Under the identical reaction conditions (1 bar and 120 °C), the catalyst with mesoporosity (pore size > 500 nm) showed higher than 80% reactant conversion. However, the conversion over the catalyst possessed small pore size was very low. Moreover, the catalyst prepared with ionic liquids was more stable than without ionic liquids.An liquid phase plasma process system was applied to the production of low molecular weight heparin. The molecular weight of produed heparin decreased with increasing liquid phase plasma treatment time. The abscission of the chemical bonds between the constituents of heparin by liquid phase plasma reaction did not alter the characteristics of heparin. Formation of any by-products due to side reaction was not observed. It is suggested that heparin was depolymerized by active oxygen radicals produced during the liquid phase plasma reaction.The study was conducted to investigate the effects of water potential on bioavailability of the nano-unit 14C-cafenstrole, 14C-pretilachlor, 14C-benfuresate, 14C-simetryn and 14C-oxyfluorfen applied with or without dimepiperate or daimuron under various water potential conditions. The highest bioavailable concentration in soil solution (BCSS) was found at 60% soil moisture, while the lowest occurred at 50% soil moisture for soil-applied alone or in combination. All water potential conditions differed significantly from each other with variations in total bioavailable amount in soil solution (TBSS) when either dimepiperate or daimuron were added to the soil, and changes were directly proportional to variations in water potential. Across all treatments, TBSS at 80% soil moisture was three to four times greater than that at 50% soil moisture when applied alone or in combination with dimepiperate or daimuron. Cafenstrole and simetryn had distribution coefficient (Kd) values less then 64 ml g-1 and a TBSS ranging from 10 to 44 ng g-1 soil, regardless of water potential conditions applied alone or in combination. Pretilachlor and benfuresate had Kd values less then 15 ml g-1 and a TBSS range of 38 to 255 ng g-1 soil when applied with or without dimepiperate or daimuron.Geopolymers, a group of promising environmentally friendly materials that can work as cement substitutes, should be fabricated from SiO2-Al2O3-CaO mixtures containing large amounts of amorphous phases to ensure optimal chemical and physical properties. In this study, it was shown that geopolymers with enhanced mechanical strengths, as high as 115 MPa, could be obtained from perfectly amorphous slag from spent catalyst (SSC) discharged during automobile catalyst recycling. Geopolymer processing involved alkali-activation using a 16 M NaOH solution of pH13. The varying SSC grain size was the main experimental factor of interest, in combination with curing temperature and aging time. Variations in the mechanical strengths of the resulting geopolymers are explained by the occurrence of 10-50 nm-sized crystals and the presence of voids and pores dozens to hundreds of micrometers in size.Highly crystallized anatase TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized at a temperature as low as 120 °C through a glycothermal reaction using amorphous titanium hydrous gel as precursor and 1,4-butanediol and water as solvent. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) data support that the glycothermal processing method provides a simple low-temperature route for producing highly crystallized anatase TiO2 nanoparticles without pH adjustment. It is demonstrated that the shape and dispersability of TiO2 nanoparticles can be controlled by the reaction conditions, such as the reaction temperature and variation of the volume ratio of 1,4- butanediol/water (B/W). link3 It was observed that TiO2 samples glycothermally prepared at 220 °C and the B/W ratio of 8/0 showed excellent photocatalytic behavior. The high activity is attributed to the high crystallinity and bipyramidal shape of the particles, which have fewer defects and more active 101 surfaces.An antigen-immobilized indirect-competitive immunosensor that detects metallothionein (MT), a potent biomarker of contamination with heavy metals, was developed exploiting enhancement of signal based on an additional binding of gold nanoparticles to an anti-MT antibody through the biotin-avidin interaction. The sensor was constructed by the immobilization of MT at 1 mg/mL on a 9-MHz quartz crystal microbalance and the concentration of the antibody for competitive reaction was optimized as 10 µg/mL based on the degree of sensor response. At this moment, the control response of the sensor obtained with enhancement of signal was 343.8 Hz and was larger than that without enhancement of signal 2.47 fold. The sensor responses decreased gradually with increasing analyte concentrations, and a linear relationship between analyte concentration and sensor response was acquired in the range of 0.005-1 ng/mL MT in double-logarithmic scales with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.9858. The limit of detection of the present sensor was presumed to be present below 5 pg/mL MT.We fabricated SnO2 thin film transistors on thermally oxidized p-type silicon substrates by low-cost spray pyrolysis. The effect of annealing temperatures on electrical characteristics of SnO2 thin film transistors were investigated. Thermal annealing at higher temperatures induced a negative shift of the threshold voltage (VT) and an increase in the saturation mobility. It was found that the device annealed at 450 °C exhibited a good electrical performance with the field-effect mobility of 0.19 cm2/Vs, the threshold voltage of 2.5 V, and the on/off current ratio of 10(3).Graphite is a naturally abundant material that has been used as reinforcing filler to produce polymeric nanocomposites for various applications including automotive, aerospace and electric-electronic. The objective of this study was to develop methodologies of graphite nanosheets preparation and for incorporation into polymer matrices. By means of different chemical and physical treatments, natural graphite was modified and subsequently characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetry (TGA) and the particle size determination. The results obtained clearly show that after the treatments employed, polar chemical groups were inserted on the natural graphite surface. Nanosized graphite particles of high aspect ratio were obtained.
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