Notes

Non-invasive alloimmune risk stratification associated with long-term liver organ implant people.
tinue to increase over the short and long-term future. Radiographers must learn to work with AI, embracing it and maximising the positive outcomes from this new technology.
Vitamin A (VA) deficiency, more common in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) secondary to malnutrition, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The prevalence and impact of VA deficiency in high-income countries (HIC) where chronic conditions may predispose is less well understood.

Interpretation of serum retinol may be affected by inflammation, so C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were sought. Binary logistic regression and generalised estimating equations were performed to review the relationship between CRP and VA.

We examined the scale of low and deficient VA status in our tertiary University Teaching Hospital (HIC).

Patients undergoing serum retinol concentrations 2012-2016 were identified from laboratory records, and records examined.

Totally, 628 assays were requested, with eighty-two patients VA low (0·7-0·99 Umol/l) or deficient (<0·7 Umol/l). Sixteen patients were symptomatic (fifteen deficient), predominantly visual. Only one symptomatic patient's VA deficiency was seccommonly secondary to surgery or hepatobiliary disease. A correlation between inflammation and low VA levels exists, which raises the possibility that requesting a VA level in an asymptomatic patient with active inflammation may be of questionable benefit.The transition from DSM-IV to DSM-5 relaxed diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, and recognised a third eating disorder, binge eating disorder. However, a large proportion of cases remain in the ill-defined category of 'other specified feeding and eating disorders'. We sought to investigate the utility of a proposed solution to classify this group further, subdividing based on the dominant clinical feature binge eating/purging or restraint. Cluster analysis failed to identify clusters in a treatment-seeking sample based on symptoms of restraint, binge eating, purging and over-evaluation of shape and weight. Further investigation of this highly heterogeneous group is required.
This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude of nurses toward pediatric palliative care (PPC) and examine the impact of an educational program on pediatric nurses' knowledge and attitude regarding PPC for children facing life-threatening illnesses or chronic diseases in Jordan.

A quasi-experimental design was used. Exactly 120 pediatric nurses participated in the study, of which 60 were in the intervention group and 60 in the control group.

The results of the study showed that nurses had a low score in knowledge and attitude toward PPC. The mean knowledge score of PPC for the control group is 6.88 (SD = 2.26), while that of the intervention group was 7.92 (SD = 1.99; p = 0.052). The mean attitude for PPC score for the control group was 95.88 (SD = 7.90), while that of the intervention group was 100 (SD = 10.95; p = 0.009). Also, the educational intervention had a significant positive effect on the knowledge and attitude toward PPC among nurses.

Based on the result of this study, the authors found strong evidence of the effectiveness of the PPC educational program when it came to improving the nurses' knowledge and attitude toward PPC services and offer us an effective educational program.
Based on the result of this study, the authors found strong evidence of the effectiveness of the PPC educational program when it came to improving the nurses' knowledge and attitude toward PPC services and offer us an effective educational program.
To describe US adults' levels of support, neutrality and opposition to restricting junk food advertising to children on social media and explore associations with socio-demographic and health-related characteristics.

In 2020-2021, we used cross-sectional data from the National Cancer Institute's 2020 Health Information National Trends Survey to estimate the prevalence of opinions towards advertising restrictions and correlates of neutrality and opposition using weighted multivariable logistic regression.

United States.

Adults aged 18+ years.

Among the analytic sample (n 2852), 54 % of adults were neutral or opposed to junk food advertising restrictions on social media. The odds of being neutral or opposed were higher among Non-Hispanic Black adults (v. non-Hispanic White; OR 2·03 (95 % CI 1·26, 3·26)); those completing some college (OR 1·68 (95 % CI 1·20, 2·34)) or high school or less (OR 2·62 (95 % CI 1·74, 3·96)) (v. those with a college degree); those who were overweight (v. normal weight; OR 1·42 (95 % CI 1·05, 1·93)) and those reporting a moderate (OR 1·45 (95 % CI 1·13, 1·88)) or conservative (OR 1·71 (95 % CI 1·24, 2·35)) political viewpoint (v. liberal). Having strong (v. weaker) weight and diet-related cancer beliefs was associated with 53 % lower odds of being neutral or opposed to advertising restrictions (OR 0·47 (95 % CI 0·36, 0·61)).

The current study identified subgroups of US adults for whom targeted communication strategies may increase support for policies to improve children's food environment.
The current study identified subgroups of US adults for whom targeted communication strategies may increase support for policies to improve children's food environment.Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert vital functions in the occurrence and development of various tumours. The aim of this study was to examine the regulatory effect and underlying molecular mechanism of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 14 (SNHG14) on the proliferation, invasion and migration of thyroid tumour cells. The expression of SNHG14 in thyroid tumour cell lines was determined using qRT-PCR. Evofosfamide mw CCK-8 and western blot were used to detect the effects of SNHG14 on proliferation and apoptosis of thyroid tumour cells. The effect of SNHG14 on the migration and invasion of thyroid tumour cells was analyzed using immunofluorescence, wound-healing and transwell assays. A targeting relationship between SNHG14 and miR-93-5p was determined using bioinformatics software and luciferase reporter assays. In addition, CCK-8, immunofluorescence, wound-healing and transwell assays were applied to demonstrate that SNHG14 promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of thyroid tumour cells by targeting miR-93-5p. The biological function of SNHG14 in vivo was explored through a xenograft model and immunohistochemistry. SNHG14 was upregulated in thyroid tumour cells compared with normal cells. Downregulation of SNHG14 effectively reduced the proliferation, migration and invasion of TPC-1 cells, and induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, SNHG14 directly targeted miR-93-5p and there was a negative correlation between them. Further functional experiments illustrated that miR-93-5p overexpression dramatically reversed the promoting role of SNHG14 in proliferation, migration and invasion of TPC-1 cells. Our results demonstrated that SNHG14 promotes the proliferation, invasion and migration of thyroid tumour cells by downregulating miR-93-5p.Blood pressure (BP) is a known cardiovascular risk factor that is hypothesised to be inversely related to choline intake. A previous study suggested that this association may be more apparent in older adults and may differ according to demographic and health characteristics. The primary study objectives are to investigate the cross-sectional associations of total choline intake with BP (n 843) and prevalent hypertension (n 2113) among USA adults aged ≥ 65 years using the sample from the 2011 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Logistic and multiple linear regression models for complex surveys were employed for hypertension status and BP, respectively. Effect modification by sex, race, BMI and comorbidity status were separately investigated using an interaction term. Choline intake interacted with BMI (P-interaction = 0·04) such that choline intake tended to be associated with lower odds of hypertension among people with BMI less then 18·5 kg/m2 (OR (95 % CI) 0·64 (0·4, 1·00); P = 0·052). Choline intake was not associated with systolic BP (mean ± sem change per 100 mg of choline -1·03 ± 0·74 mmHg; P = 0·16). In contrast, its relation to diastolic BP differed by cardiovascular comorbidity (P-interaction = 0·03) with a non-significant (P = 0·13) negative direction of association observed among those who were free of comorbidities and a non-significant (P = 0·26) positive direction observed among those with comorbidities. Collectively, these results suggested that the associations of choline intake with BP levels and hypertension risk among older adults are dependent on other risk factors.
The primary purpose of the current study was to establish Turkish smoothed centile charts and Lambda, Mu, Sigma (LMS) tables for four-site skinfold thickness based on a population-based sample, and secondary purpose was to elaborate a reference for the percentage of body fat.

A cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted between January and May 2017. Triceps, biceps and subscapular, suprailiac skinfold thicknesses were measured using Holtain skinfold caliper. Age- and gender-specific percentile values were determined with the LMS method, and body fat percentage was calculated using the Westrate and Deurenberg equation.

Afyonkarahisar province in Turkey.

The current study was conducted on 4565, 6-18-year-old students.

The triceps, biceps and subscapular skinfolds of the girls were higher than the boys. From the age of seven, the sum of four skinfold thicknesses of the girls was more than those of the boys. This difference became more evident after the age of 12. Although fat percentages of girls showed a fluctuating change, it decreased with the age in boys. Westrate and Deurenberg equation fat percentages of girls until adolescence were lower than boys, but increased after 12 years of age and exceeded that of boys.

The current study has provided sex- and age-specific reference values for skinfold thickness and has shown that obesity in girls is higher than in boys in schoolchildren in Afyonkarahisar. The current study has also shown that skinfold thickness measurements are a valuable tool for screening obesity in children.
The current study has provided sex- and age-specific reference values for skinfold thickness and has shown that obesity in girls is higher than in boys in schoolchildren in Afyonkarahisar. The current study has also shown that skinfold thickness measurements are a valuable tool for screening obesity in children.High intake of sweet foods such as cakes, cookies, chocolate and ice cream has been reported to be associated with depressive symptoms. However, prospective studies are scarce and no study has been conducted in Asian populations. We prospectively investigated the association between confectionery intake and depressive symptoms in a Japanese working population. Participants were 911 workers (812 men and 99 women; aged 19-68 years) without depressive symptoms at baseline who completed a 3-year follow-up survey. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate the OR of depressive symptoms according to tertile of confectionery intake with adjustment for covariates. At the time of the 3-year follow-up survey, 153 (16·8 %) workers were newly identified as having depressive symptoms (CES-D score ≥ 16). Confectionery intake was significantly associated with increased odds of developing depressive symptoms.
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